Chapter 6, Problem 26A

Summary Introduction

To write:

The relationship between pH and buffer.

Introduction:

Solutions are homogeneous mixtures formed when a solute is dissolved in a solvent. There are two components in a solution- solvent and solute. The solvent is a substance in which another substance is dissolved. A solute is a substance that is dissolved in the solvent.

Explanation of Solution

Substances that release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water are called acids. The substances that release hydroxide ions when dissolved in water are called bases. The amount of hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions in a solution determines the strength of an acid or base. pH is the measure of concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺) in a solution. Pure water is neutral and has a pH value of 7.0. Acidic solutions have more H+ and have pH values less than 7. Basic solutions have more OH- than H+ and have pH values higher than 7. Buffers are mixtures that react with acids and bases to keep the pH within a specific range. In cells, buffers keep the pH at 6.5-7.5.

Conclusion

pH measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution while buffers are the mixtures that can react with acids and bases to keep the pH within a certain range.