Chapter 6, Problem 40A

Summary Introduction

To fill:

The correct term in the given blank.

Introduction:

Carbon atoms join to form carbon molecules. Similarly, most cells have small carbon compounds that act as the building blocks for large molecules. Smaller organic molecules join together to form macromolecules or polymers. Polymers are formed by repeating units of nearly identical or identical compounds known as monomers joined by a series of covalent bonds. The biological macromolecules are divided into four major classes - carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.

Answer to Problem 40A

Lipids make up fats, oils and waxes.

Explanation of Solution

Lipids are molecules made mostly of carbon and hydrogen that make up the fats, oils and waxes. Lipids are composed of fatty acids, glycerol and other components. The main function of lipids is to store energy. Triglyceride is a fat if it is solid at room temperature and oil if it is liquid at room temperature. They are also stored in the fat cells of our body. Plants have a waxy coating on their leaves which prevent the loss of water. The honeycomb in a beehive is made of beeswax. Lipids are hydrophobic which allows them to act as barriers in biological membranes. Organisms require lipids to function properly.