The ethical responsibilities of a pediatrician for the present and future patients to provide effective treatment in the form of antibiotics. Introduction: The ability of microorganisms or bacteria to resist the effect of the antibiotics to which they were once sensitive, is known as antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic resistance occurs when the bacteria changes and become resistant to chemical or drugs or antibiotics.

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Chapter 6, Problem 4CS

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To determine: The ethical responsibilities of a pediatrician for the present and future patients to provide effective treatment in the form of antibiotics.

Introduction: The ability of microorganisms or bacteria to resist the effect of the antibiotics to which they were once sensitive, is known as antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic resistance occurs when the bacteria changes and become resistant to chemical or drugs or antibiotics.

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A4-month-old infant had been running a moderate fever for36 hours, and a nervous mother made a call to her pediatrician.Examination and tests revealed no outward signs of infectionor cause of the fever. The anxious mother wanted a prescription for antibiotics, but the pediatrician recommended watching the infant for two days before making a decision. He explained that decades of rampant use of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture has caused a global surge in antibiotic-resistant bacteria, drastically reducing the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy for infections. He pointed out that bacteria can exchange antibiotic resistance traits and that many pathogenic strains are now resistant to several antibiotics. The mother wasnot placated by these explanations and insisted that her baby receive antibiotics immediately. This situation raises several issues. Question: If the infant was given antibiotics, how might this have contributed to the production of resistant bacteria?

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Results from a Kirby Bauer antibiotic assay on a Gram-negative bacterial culture are described as follows: A) the bacterium is resistant to penicillin, an antibiotic that targets synthesis of the peptidoglycan cell wall and B) the bacterium is resistant to tetracycline, an antibiotic that targets the small subunit of the ribosome, inhibiting protein synthesis. Which of the results represents intrinsic resistant and which represents acquired resistants?