Whether the condition of phase transition in reusable hot-packs, which use the precipitation of super saturated sodium acetate or calcium acetate to give off heat of crystallization to warm a person, can be understood in terms of Clapeyron or the Clausius-Clapeyron equation is to be stated. The reason for the same is to be stated. Concept introduction: Clapeyron equation represents the relation between the change in pressure and temperature for all the phases involved to the change in entropies and molar volumes. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation can be obtained from the rearrangement and integration of Clapeyron equation. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation is generally used for gas-phase equilibria, to predict the equilibrium temperatures and pressures and also for the determination of enthalpy for phase transition.

Question

6.The diagram below is an example of Liquid-Vapor(LV) Pressure (P vs Mole Fraction).Fill out the question marks with correct number of degrees of freedom. LV Pressure – Composition (LV – PZ) Phase Diagram | How to read this phase diagram: XA = 0 Xe = 1 P = Pg Xx = 1 • We can designate the fraction of A and B in the liquid be XA and Xa, while the fraction of A and B in the gas phase be ya and Yg- XB = 0 F=? Liquid Phase F=? • Z, is the composition of A: • Below the vapor curve, or the bubble curve, A is pure vapor, and Z, = VA • Above the liquid curve, or the dew curve, A is pure liquid, and Z, = Xa P P= P F=? Vapor Phase YA = 1 YA = 0 Ya = 1 ZA Ys = 0

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 6.32E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the condition of phase transition in reusable hot-packs, which use the precipitation of super saturated sodium acetate or calcium acetate to give off heat of crystallization to warm a person, can be understood in terms of Clapeyron or the Clausius-Clapeyron equation is to be stated. The reason for the same is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Clapeyron equation represents the relation between the change in pressure and temperature for all the phases involved to the change in entropies and molar volumes.

The Clausius-Clapeyron equation can be obtained from the rearrangement and integration of Clapeyron equation. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation is generally used for gas-phase equilibria, to predict the equilibrium temperatures and pressures and also for the determination of enthalpy for phase transition.

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6.The diagram below is an example of Liquid-Vapor(LV) Pressure (P vs Mole Fraction).Fill out the question marks with correct number of degrees of freedom. LV Pressure – Composition (LV – PZ) Phase Diagram | How to read this phase diagram: XA = 0 Xe = 1 P = Pg Xx = 1 • We can designate the fraction of A and B in the liquid be XA and Xa, while the fraction of A and B in the gas phase be ya and Yg- XB = 0 F=? Liquid Phase F=? • Z, is the composition of A: • Below the vapor curve, or the bubble curve, A is pure vapor, and Z, = VA • Above the liquid curve, or the dew curve, A is pure liquid, and Z, = Xa P P= P F=? Vapor Phase YA = 1 YA = 0 Ya = 1 ZA Ys = 0

Can you help me out with this one please. Thank you.

A student obtained a solid product in a laboratory synthesis. To verify the identity of the solid, she measured its melting point and found that the material melted over a 12 degrees Celsius range. After it had cooled, she measured the melting point of the same sample again and found that this time the solid had a sharp melting point at the temperature that is characteristic of the desired product. Why were the two melting points different? What was responsible for the change in the melting point?