Functions and Change: A Modeling Approach to College Algebra (MindTap Course List)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781337111348
Author: Bruce Crauder, Benny Evans, Alan Noell
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 6.5, Problem 9E
To determine
(a)
To write:
The equation of change for Pacific sardines.
To determine
(b)
To find:
The graph of
To determine
(c)
To find:
The values of
To determine
(d)
To find:
The condition of population of
To determine
(e)
To find:
The level of population when the population will be growing at fastest rate.
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Functions and Change: A Modeling Approach to College Algebra (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 6.1 - ReminderRound all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.1 - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.1 - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.1 - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.1 - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.1 - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.1 - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.1 - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.1 - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.1 - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...
Ch. 6.1 - Prob. 11ECh. 6.1 - Prob. 12ECh. 6.1 - Velocity What is the rate of change in directed...Ch. 6.1 - Sign of VelocityWhen directed distance is...Ch. 6.1 - Sign of VelocityWhen the graph of directed...Ch. 6.1 - Constant VelocityWhen velocity is constant, what...Ch. 6.1 - Constant Velocity When the graph of directed...Ch. 6.1 - Prob. 6SBECh. 6.1 - Prob. 7SBECh. 6.1 - Prob. 8SBECh. 6.1 - Prob. 9SBECh. 6.1 - Prob. 10SBECh. 6.1 - Change in Direction A graph of directed distance...Ch. 6.1 - Prob. 12SBECh. 6.2 - Prob. 1ECh. 6.2 - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.2 - Reminder Round all answers to decimal places...Ch. 6.2 - Reminder Round all answers to decimal places...Ch. 6.2 - Reminder Round all answers to decimal places...Ch. 6.2 - Reminder Round all answers to decimal places...Ch. 6.2 - Reminder Round all answers to decimal places...Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 8ECh. 6.2 - Reminder Round all answers to decimal places...Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 10ECh. 6.2 - Prob. 11ECh. 6.2 - ReminderRound all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.2 - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.2 - ReminderRound all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 6.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 6.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 6.2 - Prob. 18ECh. 6.2 - SKILL BUILDING EXERCISES Marginal Cost: Let C(n)...Ch. 6.2 - SKILL BUILDING EXERCISES Marginal Profit: Your...Ch. 6.2 - SKILL BUILDING EXERCISES Buying for the Short...Ch. 6.2 - SKILL BUILDING EXERCISES Buying a company: You are...Ch. 6.2 - Meaning Of Rate Change: What is the common term...Ch. 6.2 - A Mathematical Term: If f=f(x), then we use dfdx...Ch. 6.2 - Sign of the Derivative: Suppose f=f(x). What is...Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 8SBECh. 6.2 - Prob. 9SBECh. 6.2 - Prob. 10SBECh. 6.2 - Prob. 11SBECh. 6.2 - Prob. 12SBECh. 6.2 - Prob. 13SBECh. 6.2 - Prob. 14SBECh. 6.2 - Prob. 15SBECh. 6.2 - Prob. 16SBECh. 6.3 - ReminderRound all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.3 - ReminderRound all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.3 - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.3 - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.3 - ReminderRound all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.3 - ReminderRound all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.3 - ReminderRound all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 8ECh. 6.3 - Prob. 9ECh. 6.3 - Prob. 10ECh. 6.3 - ReminderRound all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 12ECh. 6.3 - Rate of Change for a Linear Function If f is the...Ch. 6.3 - Rate of Change for a Linear Function If f is the...Ch. 6.3 - Rate of Change from Data Suppose f=f(x) satisfies...Ch. 6.3 - Rate of Change from Data Suppose f=f(x) satisfies...Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 5SBECh. 6.3 - Prob. 6SBECh. 6.3 - Estimating Rates of Change By direct calculation,...Ch. 6.3 - Estimating Rates of Change with the CalculatorMake...Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 9SBECh. 6.3 - Prob. 10SBECh. 6.3 - Prob. 11SBECh. 6.3 - Prob. 12SBECh. 6.3 - Prob. 13SBECh. 6.3 - Prob. 14SBECh. 6.4 - ReminderRound all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.4 - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.4 - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.4 - Prob. 4ECh. 6.4 - Prob. 5ECh. 6.4 - Prob. 6ECh. 6.4 - Prob. 7ECh. 6.4 - Prob. 8ECh. 6.4 - Prob. 9ECh. 6.4 - Prob. 10ECh. 6.4 - Prob. 11ECh. 6.4 - Prob. 12ECh. 6.4 - Prob. 13ECh. 6.4 - Prob. 14ECh. 6.4 - Prob. 1SBECh. 6.4 - Prob. 2SBECh. 6.4 - Prob. 3SBECh. 6.4 - New Equation of Change? The tax liability T in...Ch. 6.4 - Prob. 5SBECh. 6.4 - Prob. 6SBECh. 6.4 - Prob. 7SBECh. 6.4 - Prob. 8SBECh. 6.4 - Prob. 9SBECh. 6.4 - Prob. 10SBECh. 6.4 - A Leaky BalloonA balloon leaks air changes volume...Ch. 6.4 - Prob. 12SBECh. 6.4 - Solving an Equation of Change Solve the equation...Ch. 6.4 - Prob. 14SBECh. 6.4 - Filling a Tank The water level in a tank rises...Ch. 6.4 - Solving an Equation of Change Solve the equation...Ch. 6.5 - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.5 - Prob. 2ECh. 6.5 - Prob. 3ECh. 6.5 - Prob. 4ECh. 6.5 - Prob. 5ECh. 6.5 - Prob. 6ECh. 6.5 - Prob. 7ECh. 6.5 - Prob. 8ECh. 6.5 - Prob. 9ECh. 6.5 - Prob. 10ECh. 6.5 - Prob. 11ECh. 6.5 - Prob. 12ECh. 6.5 - Prob. 13ECh. 6.5 - Prob. 1SBECh. 6.5 - Prob. 2SBECh. 6.5 - Prob. 3SBECh. 6.5 - Prob. 4SBECh. 6.5 - Prob. 5SBECh. 6.5 - Prob. 6SBECh. 6.5 - WaterWater flows into a tank, and a certain part...Ch. 6.5 - Prob. 8SBECh. 6.5 - Prob. 9SBECh. 6.5 - Prob. 10SBECh. 6.5 - Prob. 11SBECh. 6.5 - Prob. 12SBECh. 6.5 - Equation of ChangeFor the equation of change...Ch. 6.5 - Prob. 14SBECh. 6.CR - Prob. 1CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 2CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 3CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 4CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 5CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 6CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 7CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 8CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 9CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 10CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 11CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 12CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 13CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 14CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 15CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 16CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 17CRCh. 6.CR - Prob. 18CRCh. 6.CR - Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places...Ch. 6.CR - Prob. 20CR
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- Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Logistic Formula A population grows according to the logistic model. N=251+0.5e1.4t where t is measured in years and N is measured in thousands. a. What is r for this population? b. What is the environmental carrying capacity K? c. This population is subject to harvesting. What is the optimum yield level?arrow_forwardReminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Logistic Model A population grows according to the logistic model. The r value is 0.02 and the environmental carrying capacity is 2500. Write the logistic equation satisfied by the population if N(0)=100.arrow_forwardReminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Note Some of the formulas below use the special number e, which was presented in the Prologue. A Population of Deer When a breeding group of animals is introduced into a restricted area such as a wildlife reserve, the population can be expected to grow rapidly at first, but to level out when the population grows to near the maximum that the environment can support. Such growth is known as logistic population growth, and ecologists sometimes use a formula to describe it. The number N of deer present at time 1 measured in years since the herd was introduced on a certain wildlife reserve has been determined by ecologists to be given by the function N=12.360.03+0.55t Figure1 a. How many deer were initially on the reserve? b. Calculate N(10) and explain the meaning of the number you have calculated. c. Express the number of deer present after 15 years using functional notation, and then calculate it. d. How much increase in the deer population do you expect from the 10th to the 15th year?arrow_forward
- Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Population Growth A population of animals is growing exponentially, and an ecologist has made the following table of the population size, in thousands, at the start of the given year. Year Population, in thousands 2011 5.25 2012 5.51 2013 5.79 2014 6.04 2015 6.38 2016 6.70 Looking over the table, the ecologist realizes that one of the entries for population size is in error. Which entry is it, and what is the correct population? Round the ratios to two decimal places.arrow_forwardReminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. The half life of 239U Uranium-239 is an unstable isotope of uranium that decays rapidly. In order to determine the rate of decay, 1 gram of 239U was placed in a container, and the amount remaining was measured at 1-minute intervals and recorded in the table below. Time, in minutes Grams remaining 0 1 1 0.971 2 0.943 3 0.916 4 0.889 5 0.863 a. Show that these are exponential data and find an exponential model For this problem, round all your answers to three decimal places. b. What is the percentage decay rate each minute? What does this number mean in practical terms? c. Use functional notation to express the amount remaining after 10 minutes and then calculate the value. d. What is the half life of 239U?arrow_forwardReminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Gray Wolves in Idaho The report cited in Example 4.6 tells us that in 2009, there were 870 gray wolves in Idaho, but that the population declined by 19 that year. For purposes of this problem, we assume that this 19 annual rate of decrease continues. a. Find an exponential model that gives the wolf population W as function of the time t in years since 2009. b. It is expected that the wolf population cannot recover if there are fewer than 20 individuals. How long must this rate of decline continue for the wolf population to reach 20?arrow_forward
- Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Dispersion Model Animal populations move about and disperse. A number of models for this dispersion have been proposed, and many of them involve the logarithm. For example, in 1965, O.H.Paris released a large number of pill bugs and after 12 hours recorded the number n of individuals that could be found within r meters from the point of release. He reported that the most satisfactory model for this dispersion was n=0.772+0.297logr+6.991r. a.Make a graph of n versus r for the circle around the release point with the radius 15 meters. b.How many pill bugs were to be found within 2 meters from the release point? c.How far from the release point would you expect to find only a single individual?arrow_forwardReminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Long-Term Population Growth Although exponential growth can often be used to model population growth accurately for some periods of time, there are inevitably, in the long term, limiting factors that make purely exponential models inaccurate. From 1790 to 1860, the U.S. population could be modeled by N=3.931.03tmillion people, where t is the time in years since 1790. If this exponential growth rate had continued until today, what would be the population of the United States have been in 2015? Compare your answer with the actual population of the United States in 2015, which was about 323million.arrow_forwardReminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Minimum Monthly PaymentSuppose you have a balance of B dollars on credit card.You choose to stop charging and pay off the card, making only minimum monthly payments.If your card charges an APR of r, as a decimal, and requires a minimum monthly payment of 5 of the balance, then the time T, in months, required to reduce your balance to 100 is given by T=2logBlog(0.95(1+r/12)). Suppose your current balance is 8000. a.How long will it take to reduce your balance to 100 if the APR for your card is 25? Report your answer to the nearest whole month. b.Plot the graph of T versus r. Use a horizontal span of 0 to 0.3. c.Does a larger APR mean a longer or a shorter time to reduce the balance to 100?arrow_forward
- Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Continuous CompoundingThis is a continuation of Exercise 22. In this exercise, we examine the relationship between APR and the APY when interest is compounded continuously-in other words, at every instant. We will see by means of an example that the relationship is Yearlygrowthfactor=eAPR,(4.1) and so APY=eAPR1(4.2) if both the APR and the APY are in decimal form and interest is compounded continuously. Assume that the APR is 10, or 0.1 as a decimal. a.The yearly growth factor for continuous compounding is just the limiting value of the function given by the formula in part b of Exercise 22. Find that limiting value to four decimal places. b.Compute eAPR with an APR of 0.1 as a decimal. c.Use your answers to parts a and b to verify that Equation 4.1 holds in the case where the APR is 10. Note: On the basis of part a, one conclusion is that there is a limit to the increase in the yearly growth factor and hence in the APY as the number of compounding periods increases. We might have expected the APY to increase without limit for more and more frequent compounding. 22. APR and APYRecall that financial institutions sometimes report the annual interest rate that they offer on investments as the APR, often called the nominal interest rate. To indicate how an investment will actually grow, they advertise the annual percentage yield, or APY. In mathematical terms, this is the yearly percentage growth rate for the exponential function that models the account balance. In this exercise and the next, we study the relationship between the APR and the APY. We assume that the APR is 10. or 0.1 as a decimal. To determine the APY when we know the APR, we need to know how often interest is compounded. For example, suppose for the moment that interest is compounded twice a year. Then to say that the APR is 10 means that in half a year, the balance grows by 102 or 5. In other words, the 12-year percentage growth rate is 0.12 as a decimal. Thus, the 12-year growth factor is 1+0.12. To find the yearly growth factor, we need to perform a unit conversion: One year is 2 half-year periods, so the yearly growth factor is (1+0.12)2 or 1.1025. a.What is the yearly growth factor if interest is compounded four times a year? b.Assume that interest is compounded n times each year. Explain why the formula for the yearly growth factor is (1+0.1n)n. c.What is the yearly growth factor if interest is compounded daily? Give your answer to four decimal places.arrow_forwardReminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. World Copper Production World production of copper, in millions of tons per year, from 1900 to 2000 is given by C=0.51.033t, where t is the time in years since 1900. a.What production level does this model give for the year 2000? b.If this model were extended to 2025, how could you use your knowledge of copper production in 2024 to estimate copper production in 2025?arrow_forwardReminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Insect ControlDDT dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane was used extensively from 1940 to 1970 as an insecticide. It still sees limited use for control of disease. But DDT was found to be harmful to plants and animals, including humans, and its effects were found to be lasting. The amount of time that DDT remains in the environment depends on many factors, but the following table shows what can be expected of 100 kilograms of DDT that has seeped into the soil. t=time,inyearssinceapplication D=DDTremaining,inkilograms 0 100.00 1 95.00 2 90.25 3 85.74 a. Show that the data are exponential. b. Make a model of D as an exponential function of t. c. What is the half-life of DDT in the soil? That is, how long will it be before only 50 kilograms of DDT remain?arrow_forward
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