BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+INVEST.-CONNECT ACCESS
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260542233
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 6.6, Problem 1MC
Summary Introduction
To explain:
How to arrive at the estimate that each glucose molecule theoretically yields 36 ATPs.
Concept introduction:
The
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For each of the four possibilities listed below (a through d), only one answer is correct and the others are false. Identify the correct statement and explain why the others are false. In your answer, write CORRECT next to the statement that you think is true, and ONLY for the ones that you think are false, explain what is wrong with the statement .
When glucose reacts with ATP to form glucose-6-phosphate (as shown on the figure below):
1. The synthesis of glucose-6-phosphate is exergonic
2. ADP is at a higher energy level than ATP
3. Glucose-6-phosphate is at a higher energy level than glucose
4. Because ATP donates a phosphate to glucose, this is not a coupled reaction
In biological systems, enzymes are used to accelerate the rates of certain bio-
logical reactions. Glucoamylase is an enzyme that aids in the conversion of starch
to glucose (a sugar that cells use for energy). Experiments show that 1 pg mol of
glucoamylase in a 4% starch solution results in a production rate of glucose of 0.6
ug mol/(mL)(min). Determine the production rate of glucose for this system in the
units of Ib mol/(ft³)(day).
Ibmol
Answer: 0.0639
ft day
True
False
Twenty-three milligrams of glucose were eaten by the bacteria Sanacoccus pumasareus. Calculate the hypothetical
amount of ATP your patient can generate under aerobic respiration with this amount of glucose. (Note: Glucose
MW-180.16 g/mole; 1 mole= 6.02 x 1023 molecules (Avogadro's number)).
2.8 x 10^24 ATPs
02.9 x 10^21 ATPs
028 x 10-21 ATP5
029 x 10 24 ATPS
Lacks information, cannot be determined
Chapter 6 Solutions
BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+INVEST.-CONNECT ACCESS
Ch. 6.1 - Why do all organisms need ATP?Ch. 6.1 - What are the three general ways to generate ATP...Ch. 6.1 - Prob. 3MCCh. 6.1 - Prob. 4MCCh. 6.2 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6.2 - What occurs in each of the three stages of...Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 6.4 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6.4 - Prob. 2MC
Ch. 6.4 - Prob. 3MCCh. 6.5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 6.5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 6.5 - Prob. 4MCCh. 6.6 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6.6 - How does the actual ATP yield compare to the...Ch. 6.7 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6.7 - Prob. 2MCCh. 6.8 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6.8 - Prob. 2MCCh. 6.8 - Prob. 3MCCh. 6.9 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6.9 - Why must the first metabolic pathways have been...Ch. 6.9 - What is the evidence that photosynthesis may have...Ch. 6.10 - What hypothesis were the researchers testing, and...Ch. 6.10 - Prob. 2MCCh. 6 - Which of the following best describes aerobic...Ch. 6 - Which stage in cellular respiration produces the...Ch. 6 - What is the role of ATP synthase? a. It uses ATP...Ch. 6 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 6 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 6 - What is endosymbiosis? a. A type of fermentation...Ch. 6 - Respiration contains the Latin word root spiro,...Ch. 6 - All steps of cellular respiration are closely...Ch. 6 - How might a mitochondrion's double membrane make...Ch. 6 - Health-food stores sell a product called pyruvate...Ch. 6 - At what point does O2 enter the energy pathways of...Ch. 6 - Describe the energy pathways that are available...Ch. 6 - Prob. 7WIOCh. 6 - Describe how aerobic respiration occurs in...Ch. 6 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 6 - Explain the fact that species as diverse as humans...Ch. 6 - Prob. 11WIOCh. 6 - Prob. 1PITCh. 6 - Prob. 2PITCh. 6 - Prob. 3PITCh. 6 - Where would fermentation, anaerobic respiration,...
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- The conversion of glucose to glucose 6-phosphate is an endergonic reaction (eql below). The second equation below is an exergonic reaction that can occur in all cells. Considering this information, how can the reaction in equation 3 proceed? EQ1: Glucose + Pj --> glucose 6-phosphate EQ2: ATP + H20 --> ADP + Pj EQ3: Glucose + ATP --> glucose 6-phosphate + ADP Select one: a. The energy required to make Eq3 spontaneous is provided by the enzyme catalyzing the reaction b. The energy released from equation 1 is more than the energy consumed in equation 2 making the overall reaction AG negative and the reaction spontaneous. c. The energy released from equation 2 is more than the energy consumed in equation 1 making the overall reaction AG positive and the reaction spontaneous. d. The energy released from equation 2 is more than the energy consumed in equation 1 making the overall reaction AG negative and the reaction spontaneous. e. The energy released from equation 1 is more than the energy…arrow_forwardIf the DGo for ATP hydrolysis into ADP + inorganic phosphate is -7.3 kcal/mole, and the DGo for sucrose synthesis from glucose + fructose is +5.5 kcal/mole, calculate standard free energy change for the combined reaction of ATP + glucose + fructose g ADP + sucrose + inorganic phosphate. DGo = -12.8 kcal/mole DGo = -1.8 kcal/mole DGo = 0 kcal/mole DGo = +1.8 kcal/mole DGo = +12.8 kcal/molearrow_forwardThe standard free energy change, ΔGº‘ , for the phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (glucose + Pi yields glucose-6-P) is +3.3 kcal/mol. The standard free energy change, ΔGº‘ , for the hydrolysis of ATP (ATP yields ADP + Pi) is -7.4 kcal/mol. What is the cellular free energy change, ΔG, if the concentration of glucose is 0.005 M, the concentration of ATP is 0.005M, the concentration of glucose-6-phosphate is 0.001M and the concentration of ADP is 0.001M? Cellular temperature = 37 C Gas constant = 0.00198 kilocalories/mol K Temperature = C + Kelvin (C + 273.15) the answer is supposed to be -6.1 kcal/mol but I am not sure how to get there - please show all stepsarrow_forward
- Enzymes Calculate the AG between glucose and ATP catalyzed by hexokinase: glucose + ATP glucose-6-phosphate + ADP Is the reaction spontaneous? Given data: Glucose-6-phosphate + H,O glucose + P, AG' = -3138 cal/mole ATP+H,O=ADP + P: AG'= -7700 cal/molearrow_forwardTwenty-three milligrams of glucose were eaten by the bacteria Sanacoccus pumasareus. Calculate the hypothetical amount of ATP your patient can generate under fermentative metabolism with this amount of glucose. (Note: Glucose MW-180.16 g/mole; 1 mole= 6.02 x 1023 molecules (Avogadro's number)). O2.8 x 10^21 ATPs 01.5 x 10 20 ATPs 01.5 x 10^21 ATPs O2.8 x 10^20 ATPs O No ATP produced since it's fermentation O Lacks information, cannot be determined Nexte Previousarrow_forwardA yeast disaccharidase can hydrolyze sucrose and maltose according to the following table: Use Lineweaver-Burk representation to calculate the respective KMs and maximum speeds for each substrate under the conditions of the experiment. Saccharose(mM) Glucose released (µmol10 min) Maltose (mM) Glucose released (µmol10 min) 5 40 5 48 10 60 10 80 20 80 20 120 50 100 50 172 100 109 100 200arrow_forward
- The following reaction would most likely be catalyzed by an enzyme of which class? sucrose + H2O → glucose + fructosearrow_forwardEnzymes Calculate the AG between glucose and ATP catalyzed by hexokinase: glucose + ATP glucose-6-phosphate + ADP Is the reaction spontaneous?| Given data: Glucose-6-phosphate + H2O glucose + P; AG' = -3138 cal/mole ATP+H,O =ADP + P. AG' = -7700 cal/molearrow_forwardA mutation has occurred that results in phosphofructokinase not being able to bind ATP in its allosteric site. What impact will this mutation have on the production of ATP in the cell? Select one: a. If no ATP can bind to the allosteric site, then phosphofructokinase will not be able to add the phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate to make fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and glycolysis will not work. So no pyruvate, not cellular respiration. b. If ATP cannot bind to the allosteric site, phosphofructokinase will not be activated to make more ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. c. No impact on the production but will not be able to effectively shut off over production of ATP with feedback inhibition.arrow_forward
- The first reaction in glycolysis is the phosphorylation of glucose: Pi + glucose → glucose-6-phosphate + H2O This is a thermodynamically unfavorable process, with ∆G°′ = +13.8 kJ/mol. (a) In a liver cell at 37 °C the concentrations of both phosphate and glucose are normally maintained at about 5 mM each. What would be the equilibrium concentration of glucose-6-phosphate, according to the above data? (b) This very low concentration of the desired product would be unfavorable for glycolysis. In fact, the reaction is coupled to ATP hydrolysis to give the overall reaction ATP + glucose → glucose-6-phosphate + ADP + H+ What is ∆G°′ for the coupled reaction? (c) If, in addition to the constraints on glucose concentration listed previously, we have in the liver cell ATP concentration = 3 mM and ADP concentration = 1 mM, what is the theoretical concentration of glucose6-phosphate at equilibrium at pH = 7.4 and 37 °C? The answer…arrow_forwardConsider the reaction: Galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-glucose → UDP-galactose + glucose 1-phosphate Which pairing correctly matches the enzyme class and Enzyme Commission number for the enzyme that catalyzes this reaction? translocase; 2 translocase; 7 transferase; 2 transferase; 7 isomerase; 5arrow_forwardConsider the graphic representation shown below for the free energy change for the overall reaction of Fructose-6-phosphate and ATP to form the products Fructose-1,6-biphosphate and ADP in the presence (blue line) or absence (red line) of enzyme. Match each of the arrows (labeled A, B, C, or D) indicated in the graph with an apropriate description by dragging the letters into their corresponding box. C D reactants Fructose-6-phosphate + ATP A products Fructose-1,6-biphosphate + ADP Progress of the Reaction Reset Help D BAc В C Energy of activation for the forward reaction in the absence of enzyme Energy of activation for the forward reaction Energy of activation for the reverse reaction in absence AG for the reaction the presence of enzyme of enzyme Energyarrow_forward
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