The observation that radical chlorination of pentane is a poor way to prepare 1-chloropentane, but radical chlorination of neopentane, (CH 3 ) 4 C, is a good way to prepare neopentyl chloride, (CH 3 ) 3 CCH 2 Cl is to be explained. Concept introduction: In radical substitution reactions, if the alkane contains different kinds of hydrogens then all of them will be substituted by chlorine and usually a mixture of monochloro substituted products is formed. However if the alkane contains only one type of hydrogen then only one monochloro substituted product will be produced. The reaction will also be fast. To explain: The observation that radical chlorination of pentane is a poor way to prepare 1-chloropentane, but radical chlorination of neopentane, (CH 3 ) 4 C, is a good way to prepare neopentyl chloride, (CH 3 ) 3 CCH 2 Cl.

Question

Trimethylamine, (CH3)3N, is a common reagent. It interacts readily with diborane gas, B₂H6. The latter dissociates to BH3 and this forms a complex with the amine, (CH3)3N→BH3. The reaction between trimethylamine and borane is shown. CH3 CH3 H CH3-N : + B-H CH3-N B-H CH3 H CH3 H Is the BH3 fragment a Lewis acid or a Lewis base? To decide this, answer the following questions: H a Which of the following is a definition of a Lewis acid? proton donor electron pair acceptor proton acceptor electron pair donor

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 6.SE, Problem 37AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The observation that radical chlorination of pentane is a poor way to prepare 1-chloropentane, but radical chlorination of neopentane, (CH₃)₄C, is a good way to prepare neopentyl chloride, (CH₃)₃CCH₂Cl is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

In radical substitution reactions, if the alkane contains different kinds of hydrogens then all of them will be substituted by chlorine and usually a mixture of monochloro substituted products is formed. However if the alkane contains only one type of hydrogen then only one monochloro substituted product will be produced. The reaction will also be fast.

To explain:

The observation that radical chlorination of pentane is a poor way to prepare 1-chloropentane, but radical chlorination of neopentane, (CH₃)₄C, is a good way to prepare neopentyl chloride, (CH₃)₃CCH₂Cl.

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