BIOLOGY: DYNAMIC SCIENCE W/MINDTAP 12 M
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305934160
Author: Russell
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 7, Problem 1ITD
Summary Introduction
To review:
The effect of temperature on respiration rate of a plant leaf of sagebrush by constructing its graph.
The following data collected from the leaf of plant sagebrush show that the respiration rate varies with temperature as the leaves are heated and cooled during measurements.
Introduction:
CO
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I'm studing Cellular Respiration. We did a lab. We had technical difficulties... our CO2 gas sensor wasn't working properly. So I am curious, what trends SHOULD I have seen. We compared the CO2 output of bean sprouts vs mealworms. We tested at both room temp (27 degrees C) vs cold temp (15 degrees C) for both the mealworms and bean sprouts. I need to know the trends I should have seen, ie. does an animal or plant produces more C02 and why? Also does the the cool temp make the reduction in CO2 production? Thank you.
The loss of water from a plant by transpiration cools the leaf. Movement of water in transpiration requires both adhesion to the
conducting walls and wood fibers of the plant and cohesion of the molecules to each other. A scientist wanted to increase the rate
of transpiration of a crop species to extend its range into warmer climates. The scientist substituted a nonpolar solution with an
atomic mass similar to that of water for hydrating the plants. What do you expect the scientist's data will indicate from this
experiment?
The rate of transpiration will be the same for both water and the nonpolar substance.
Transpiration rates will fall to zero as nonpolar compounds do not have the properties necessary for adhesion and cohesion.
Transpiration rates will increase as nonpolar compounds undergo adhesion and cohesion with wood fibers more readily than water.
The rate of transpiration will be slightly lower with the nonpolar substance as the plant will not have evolved with the nonpolar…
Under controlled conditions, a transpiration experiment was conducted using two different
plant species, A and B. Each plant species was exposed to a low-humidity environment and
a high-humidity environment with all other conditions kept the same. The transpiration
rate was measured over a period of one hour. The data was graphed as shown below.
A
B
transpiration rate (pl/cm²min)
с
0.2
0.18
0.16
0.14
0.12
0.1
0.08
0.06
A bar graph of the transpiration rates of two plants under different humid conditions
D
0.04
0.02
low humidity
40%
In order to see the effect the change in humidity had on the transpiration rate, what would be a proper con
trol to add to the study?
high humidity
80%
running the same experiment multiple times to collect additional data
adding more water to the original plants and running the experiment again
grow another set of plants at normal humidity
growing more plants at 0% and 100% humidity
Species A
Species B
Chapter 7 Solutions
BIOLOGY: DYNAMIC SCIENCE W/MINDTAP 12 M
Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 7.1 - Distinguish between cellular respiration and...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 7.2 - What is the redox reaction in glycolysis?Ch. 7.2 - How is ATP synthesized in glycolysis?Ch. 7.3 - Summarize the fate of pyruvate molecules produced...Ch. 7.4 - What distinguishes the four complexes of the...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 7.5 - Prob. 1SBCh. 7.5 - Prob. 2SB
Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 1SBCh. 7.6 - What are the types of molecules that are the...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 3SBCh. 7 - What is the final acceptor for electrons in...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 7 - Which of the following statements is false?...Ch. 7 - In the 1950s, a diet pill that had the effect of...Ch. 7 - Discuss Concepts Why do you think nucleic acids...Ch. 7 - A hospital patient was regularly found to be...Ch. 7 - 13. There are several ways to measure...Ch. 7 - Apply Evolutionary Thinking Which of the two...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 7 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 7 - As CO2 concentrations increase in the atmosphere,...Ch. 7 - Prob. 4ITD
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- Removal of the source of CO2 from photosynthesizing chloroplasts results in rapid changes in the concentration of certain chemicals. Which one of the following represents the correct combination of concentration changes?.arrow_forwardPhotosynthesis directly opposes respiration in determining how plants influence atmospheric CO2 concentrations. When a leaf is in the light, both photosynthesis and respiration are occurring simultaneously. The data in the Table were collected from the leaf of a sagebrush plant that was enclosed in a chamber that measures the rate of CO2 exchange. The same leaf was used to collect the data in Interpret the Data in Chapter 7. Respiration is shown as a negative and photosynthesis as a positive rate of CO2 exchange. The net photosynthesis rate is the amount of CO2 (in micromoles per square meter per second) assimilated by the leaf while respiration is occurring; a positive value indicates more photosynthesis is occurring than respiration. The light exposed to the leaf is quantified as the number of photons in the 400 to 700 nm wavelength, the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD); 2,000 mol/m2/s is equivalent to the amount of light occurring at midday in full Sun. Observation Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD) (mol/m2/s) Net Photosynthesis (mol/m2/s) 1 2,000 9.1 2 1,500 8.4 3 1,250 8.2 4 1,000 7.4 5 750 6.3 6 500 4.8 7 250 2.2 8 0 -2.0 Why is net photosynthesis negative when PPFD is zero? Looking at the respiration data from Interpret the Data in Chapter 7, at what temperature do you think these data were collected? Source: Data based on unpublished research by Brent Ewers, University of Wyoming.arrow_forwardCalculate the gross rate of photosynthesis (mm/hr) for Elodea if when measuring net photosynthesis, the water level moved up 7mm from the initial level in 10 min, and when measuring cellular respiration it took 15 minutes for the water level to move down 1 mm. 48 mm/hr 42 mm/hr 46 mm/hr 38 mm/hr 50 mm/hr 30 mm/hrarrow_forward
- Scientific evidence indicates that the CO2 added to the air by the burning of wood and fossil fuels is contributing to global warming, a rise in global temperature. Tropical rain forests are estimated to be responsible for approximately 20% of global photosynthesis, yet the consumption of large amounts of CO2 by living trees is thought to make little or no net contribution to reduction of global warming. Why might this be? (Hint: What processes in both living and dead trees produce CO2?) *arrow_forwardSome water, a small amount of soil, a few green aquatic plants and a fish were placed in a large bottle. The bottle was placed in a window to receive light during the daytime. Explain what will happen to the CO2 and oxygen levels in the bottle over time. Be sure to include the processes that affect these levelsarrow_forwardSuppose you are conducting an experiment, in which you selectively lower the CO2 and O2 concentrations in the two experimental groups. The control group reflects conditions of the current atmosphere. You grow C3, C4 and CAM plants under these conditions and all other variables (soil, water, etc.) are identical in all groups. Plants are regularly watered and grown at cool temperatures. The table gives an overview of the treatment & control groups and the types of plants grown. You don't yet have results on plant growth (data cells are intentionally empty). Plants Treatment 1 Treatment 2 Control CO2 = 0.01%, O2 = 21% CO2 = 0.04%, O2= 30% CO2 = 0.04%, O2= 21% CAM C3 С4 In treatment 1, you expect plants to have the highest rates of photosynthesis and in treatment 2, you expect plants to perform best. Select one: а. САМ;B Сз b. САМ; САМ с. Сд;B Сд d. C3; САМ е. Сд; Сз f. C3; C3arrow_forward
- A stoma (plural: stomata) is a tiny pore found on the underside of a leaf. When open, carbon dioxide can diffuse from the atmosphere, where it is present at approximately Catm= 0.70 mg/L, between the L = 5 μm thick guard cells, into the relatively well mixed air cavity within each stoma, and from the cavity into cells that consume it during photosynthesis. What is the mass flux of carbon dioxide into an open stoma that has a cross-sectional area of A = 2 μm2, a diffusion coefficient of D = 0.16 cm2/s, and a steady air cavity concentration of Cs = 0.04 mg/L?arrow_forwardHigh levels of certain plant nutrients in runoff can lead to rapid growth of algae (an algal bloom) in aquatic ecosystems. These algal blooms are generally followed by algal death and decomposition, which consumes large amounts of dissolved oxygen in the water and results in oxygen levels insufficient to support aerobic respiration. This process is known as eutrophication. The amount of algae present in a body of water can be estimated from the amount of chlorophyll a in a sample of the water. A researcher studying eutrophication collected samples at different times of the year in a freshwater ecosystem. The samples were analyzed for total nitrogen and chlorophyll a concentration (Figure 1) as well as total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentration (Figure 2). Which of the following was the dependent variable in the researcher’s study? a.The variance of the data points from the trend line b.The slope of the trend line showing the rate…arrow_forwardIf an Elodea plant removes carbon dioxide (CO2) from a solution of water, the Elodea plant will then produce: Oxygen Carbon dioxide Light energy Waterarrow_forward
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