College Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168048
Author: Paul Peter Urone, OpenStax, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 7, Problem 5CQ
Work done on a system puts energy into it Work done by a system removes energy from it Give an example for each statement.
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Chapter 7 Solutions
College Physics
Ch. 7 - Give an example of something think of as work in...Ch. 7 - Give an example of a situation in which there is a...Ch. 7 - Describe a situation in which a force is exerted...Ch. 7 - The person in Figure 7.33 does work on the lawn...Ch. 7 - Work done on a system puts energy into it Work...Ch. 7 - When solving for speed in Example 7.4, we kept...Ch. 7 - In Example 7.7, we calculated the final speed of a...Ch. 7 - Does the work you do on a book when you lift it...Ch. 7 - What is a conservative force?Ch. 7 - The force exerted by a diving board is...
Ch. 7 - Define mechanical energy. What is the relationship...Ch. 7 - What is the relationship of potential energy to...Ch. 7 - Consider the following scenario. A car for which...Ch. 7 - Describe the energy transfers and transformations...Ch. 7 - Do devices with efficiencies of less than one...Ch. 7 - List four different forms or types of energy. Give...Ch. 7 - List the energy conversions that occur when riding...Ch. 7 - Most electrical appliances are rated in watts....Ch. 7 - Explain, in terms of the definition of power, why...Ch. 7 - A spark of static electricity, such as that you...Ch. 7 - Explain why it is easier to climb a mountain on a...Ch. 7 - Do you do work on the outside world when you rub...Ch. 7 - Shivering is an involuntary response to lowered...Ch. 7 - Discuss the relative effectiveness of dieting and...Ch. 7 - What is the difference between energy conservation...Ch. 7 - If the efficiency of a coal-fired electrical...Ch. 7 - How much work does a supermarket checkout...Ch. 7 - A 75.0-kg person climbs stairs, gaining 2.50...Ch. 7 - (a) Calculate the work done on a 1500-kg elevator...Ch. 7 - Suppose a car travels 108 km at a speed of 30.0...Ch. 7 - Calculate the work done by an 85.0-kg man who...Ch. 7 - How much work is done by the boy pulling his...Ch. 7 - A shopper pushes a grocery cart 20.0 m at constant...Ch. 7 - Suppose the ski patrol lowers a rescue sled and...Ch. 7 - Compare the kinetic energy of a 20,000-kg truck...Ch. 7 - (a) How fast must a 3000-kg elephant move to have...Ch. 7 - Confirm the value given for the kinetic energy of...Ch. 7 - (a) Calculate the force needed to bring a 950-kg...Ch. 7 - A car's bumper is designed to withstand a 4.0-km/h...Ch. 7 - Boxing gloves are padded to lessen the force of a...Ch. 7 - Using energy considerations, calculate the average...Ch. 7 - A hydroelectric power facility (see Figure 7.38)...Ch. 7 - (a) How much gravitational potential energy...Ch. 7 - Suppose a 350-g kookaburra (a large kingfisher...Ch. 7 - In Example 7.7, we found that the speed of a...Ch. 7 - A 100-g toy car is propelled by a compressed...Ch. 7 - In a downhill ski race, surprisingly, little...Ch. 7 - A 5.00105 -kg subway train is brought to a stop...Ch. 7 - A pogo stick has a spring with a force constant of...Ch. 7 - A 60.0-kg skier with an initial speed of 12.0 m/s...Ch. 7 - (a) How high a hill can a car coast up (engine...Ch. 7 - Using values from Table 7.1, how many DNA...Ch. 7 - Using energy considerations and assuming...Ch. 7 - If the energy in fusion bombs were used to supply...Ch. 7 - (a) Use of hydrogen fusion to supply energy is a...Ch. 7 - The Crab Nebula (see Figure 7.41) pulsar is the...Ch. 7 - Suppose a star 1000 times brighter than our Sun...Ch. 7 - A person in good physical condition can put out...Ch. 7 - What is the cost of operating a 3.00-W electric...Ch. 7 - A large household air conditioner may consume 15.0...Ch. 7 - (a) What is the average power consumption in watts...Ch. 7 - (a) What is the average useful power output of a...Ch. 7 - A 500-kg dragster accelerates from rest to a final...Ch. 7 - (a) How long will it take an 850-kg car with a...Ch. 7 - (a) Find the useful power output of an elevator...Ch. 7 - (a) What is the available energy content, in...Ch. 7 - (a) How long would it takea 1.50105 -kg airplane...Ch. 7 - Calculate the power output needed for a 950-kg car...Ch. 7 - (a) Calculate the power per square meter reaching...Ch. 7 - (a) How long can you rapidly climb stairs...Ch. 7 - (a) What is the power output in watts and...Ch. 7 - Calculate the power output in watts and horsepower...Ch. 7 - (a) What is the efficiency of an out-of-condition...Ch. 7 - Energy that is not utilized for work or heat...Ch. 7 - Using data from Table 7.5, calculate the daily...Ch. 7 - What is the efficiency of a subject on a treadmill...Ch. 7 - Shoveling snow can be extremely taxing because the...Ch. 7 - Very large forces are produced in joints when a...Ch. 7 - Jogging on hard surfaces with insufficiently...Ch. 7 - (a) Calculate the energy in kJ used by a 55.0-kg...Ch. 7 - Kanellos Kanellopoulos flew 119 km from Crete to...Ch. 7 - The swimmer shown in Figure 7.44 exerts an average...Ch. 7 - Mountain climbers carry bottled oxygen when at...Ch. 7 - The awe-inspiring Great Pyramid of Cheops was...Ch. 7 - (a) How long can you play tennis on the 800 kJ...Ch. 7 - Integrated Concepts (a) Calculate the force the...Ch. 7 - Integrated Concepts A 75.0-kg cross-country skier...Ch. 7 - Integrated Concepts The 70.0-kg swimmer in Figure...Ch. 7 - Integrated Concepts A toy gun uses a spring with a...Ch. 7 - Integrated Concepts (a) What force must be...Ch. 7 - Unreasonable Results A car advertisement claims...Ch. 7 - Unreasonable Results Body fat is metabolized,...Ch. 7 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider a person...Ch. 7 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider humans...Ch. 7 - Integrated Concepts A 105-kg basketball player...
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- Work done on a system puts energy into it. Work done by a system removes energy from it. Give an example for each statement.arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between energy conservation and the law of conservation of energy? Give some examples of each.arrow_forwardIn Chapter 7, the work-kinetic energy theorem, W = K, was introduced. This equation states that work done on a system appears as a change in kinetic energy. It is a special-case equation, valid if there are no changes in any other type of energy such as potential or internal. Give two or three examples in which work is done on a system but the change in energy of the system is not a change in kinetic energy.arrow_forward
- The kinetic energy of a system must always be positive or zero. Explain whether this is true for the potential energy of a system.arrow_forwardMountain climbers carry bottled oxygen when at very high altitudes. (a) Assuming that a mountain climber uses oxygen at twice the rate for climbing 116 stairs per minute (because of low air temperature and winds), calculate how many liters of oxygen a climber would need for 10.0 h of climbing. (These are liters at sea level.) Note that only 40% of the inhaled oxygen is utilized; the rest is exhaled. (b) How much useful work does the climber do if he and his equipment have a mass of 90.0 kg and he gains 1000 m of altitude? (c) What is his efficiency for the 10.0-h climb?arrow_forwardConsider the energy transfers and transformations listed below in parts (a) through (e). For each part, (i) describe human-made devices designed to pro-duce each of the energy transfers or transformations and, (ii) whenever possible, describe a natural process in which the energy transfer or transformation occurs. Give details to defend your choices, such as identifying the system and identifying other output energy if the device or natural process has limited efficiency. (a) Chemical potential energy transforms into internal energy. (b) Energy transferred by electrical transmission becomes gravitational potential energy. (c) Elastic potential energy transfers out of a system by heat. (d) Energy transferred by mechanical waves does work on a system. (e) Energy carried by electromagnetic waves becomes kinetic energy in a system.arrow_forward
- A hydroelectric power facility (see Figure 7.38) converts the gravitational potential energy of water behind a dam to electric energy. (a) What is the gravitational potential energy relative to the generators of a lake of volume 50.0 km3(mass=5.001013Kg), given that the lake has an average height of 40.0 m above the generators? (b) Compare this with the energy stored in a 9-megaton fusion bomb. Figure 7.38 Hydroelectric facility (credit: Denis Belevich, Wikimedia Commons)arrow_forwardDo you do work on the outside world when you rub your hands together to warn) then)? What is the efficiency of this activity?arrow_forwardThe force exerted by a diving board is conservative, provided the internal friction is negligible. Assuming friction is negligible, describe changes in the potential energy of a diving board as a swimmer dives from it, starting just before the swimmer steps on the board until just after his feet leave it.arrow_forward
- A student has the idea that the total work done on an object is equal to its final kinetic energy. Is this idea true always, sometimes, or never? Ii it is sometimes true, under what circumstances? If it is always or never true, explain why.arrow_forwardBoxing gloves are padded to lessen the force of a blow. (a) Calculate the force exerted by a boxing glove on an opponent’s face, if the glove and face compress 7.50 cm dui-Ing a blow In which the 7.00-kg arm and glove are brought to rest from an initial speed of 10.0 m/s. (b) Calculate the force exerted by an identical blow in the gory old days when no gloves were used, and the knuckles and face would compress only 2.00 cm. Assume the change in mass by removing the glove is negligible. (c) Discuss the magnitude of the force with glove on. Does it seem high enough to cause damage even though it is lower than the force with no glove?arrow_forwardAt 11:00 a.m, on September 7, 2001, more than one million British schoolchildren jumped up and down for one minute to simulate an earthquake. (a) Find the energy stored in the childrens bodies that was converted into internal energy in the ground and their bodies and propagated into the ground by seismic waves during the experiment. Assume 1 050 000 children of average mass 36.0 kg jumped 12 times each, raising their centers of mass by 25.0 cm each time and briefly resting between one jump and the next. (b) Of the energy that propagated into the ground, most produced high-frequency microtremor vibrations that were rapidly damped and did not travel far. Assume 0.01% of the total energy was carried away by long-range seismic waves. The magnitude of an earthquake on the Richter scale is given by M=logE4.81.5 where E is the seismic wave energy in joules. According to this model, what was the magnitude of the demonstration quake?arrow_forward
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