(a)
Interpretation:
The hybridization of the central atom of the molecules with the following molecular geometries has to be predicted.
- (a) Tetrahedral (b) trigonal planar (c) trigonal bipyramidal (d) linear (e) octahedral
Concept Introduction:
Hybridization is a hypothetical concept. It refers to overlapping of atomic orbitals and the resultant orbitals formed are known as hybrid orbitals. An orbital that doesn’t involve in hybridization is termed as unhybridized orbital. After hybridization, the orbitals cannot be distinguished individually. The orientation of the orbitals while overlapping impacts the nature of the bond forms. By knowing the hybridization of central atom in the molecule its geometry can be predicted and vice-versa.
(a)
Answer to Problem 7.52QP
Molecular Geometry | Hybridization of the central atom | |
(a) | Tetrahedral |
|
Explanation of Solution
Tetrahedral
A molecule having tetrahedral geometry has the empirical formula
Figure 1
The bond angle between two atoms in a tetrahedral molecule is
Figure 2
Thus a molecule having tetrahedral geometry has central atom with
(b)
Interpretation:
The hybridization of the central atom of the molecules with the following molecular geometries has to be predicted.
- (a) Tetrahedral (b) trigonal planar (c) trigonal bipyramidal (d) linear (e) octahedral
Concept Introduction:
Hybridization is a hypothetical concept. It refers to overlapping of atomic orbitals and the resultant orbitals formed are known as hybrid orbitals. An orbital that doesn’t involve in hybridization is termed as unhybridized orbital. After hybridization, the orbitals cannot be distinguished individually. The orientation of the orbitals while overlapping impacts the nature of the bond forms. By knowing the hybridization of central atom in the molecule its geometry can be predicted and vice-versa.
(b)
Answer to Problem 7.52QP
Molecular Geometry | Hybridization of the central atom | |
(b) | Trigonal planar |
|
Explanation of Solution
Trigonal planar
A molecule having trigonal planar geometry has the empirical formula
Figure 3
The bond angle between two atoms in a trigonal planar molecule is
Figure 4
Thus a molecule having trigonal planar geometry has central atom with
(c)
Interpretation:
The hybridization of the central atom of the molecules with the following molecular geometries has to be predicted.
- (a) Tetrahedral (b) trigonal planar (c) trigonal bipyramidal (d) linear (e) octahedral
Concept Introduction:
Hybridization is a hypothetical concept. It refers to overlapping of atomic orbitals and the resultant orbitals formed are known as hybrid orbitals. An orbital that doesn’t involve in hybridization is termed as unhybridized orbital. After hybridization, the orbitals cannot be distinguished individually. The orientation of the orbitals while overlapping impacts the nature of the bond forms. By knowing the hybridization of central atom in the molecule its geometry can be predicted and vice-versa.
(c)
Answer to Problem 7.52QP
S.No | Molecular Geometry | Hybridization of the central atom |
(c) | Trigonal bipyramidal |
|
Explanation of Solution
Trigonal bipyramidal
A molecule having trigonal bipyramidal geometry has the empirical formula
Figure 5
Trigonal bipyramidal molecule has two set of bonds – two axial bonds and three equatorial bonds. The two axial bonds are
Figure 6
If the d-orbital of the
(d)
Interpretation:
The hybridization of the central atom of the molecules with the following molecular geometries has to be predicted.
- (a) Tetrahedral (b) trigonal planar (c) trigonal bipyramidal (d) linear (e) octahedral
Concept Introduction:
Hybridization is a hypothetical concept. It refers to overlapping of atomic orbitals and the resultant orbitals formed are known as hybrid orbitals. An orbital that doesn’t involve in hybridization is termed as unhybridized orbital. After hybridization, the orbitals cannot be distinguished individually. The orientation of the orbitals while overlapping impacts the nature of the bond forms. By knowing the hybridization of central atom in the molecule its geometry can be predicted and vice-versa.
(d)
Answer to Problem 7.52QP
S.No | Molecular Geometry | Hybridization of the central atom |
(d) | Linear |
|
Explanation of Solution
Linear
A molecule having linear geometry has the empirical formula
Figure 7
The bond angle between two atoms in linear molecule is
Figure 8
Thus a molecule having linear geometry has central atom with
(e)
Interpretation:
The hybridization of the central atom of the molecules with the following molecular geometries has to be predicted.
- (a) Tetrahedral (b) trigonal planar (c) trigonal bipyramidal (d) linear (e) octahedral
Concept Introduction:
Hybridization is a hypothetical concept. It refers to overlapping of atomic orbitals and the resultant orbitals formed are known as hybrid orbitals. An orbital that doesn’t involve in hybridization is termed as unhybridized orbital. After hybridization, the orbitals cannot be distinguished individually. The orientation of the orbitals while overlapping impacts the nature of the bond forms. By knowing the hybridization of central atom in the molecule its geometry can be predicted and vice-versa.
(e)
Answer to Problem 7.52QP
S.No | Molecular Geometry | Hybridization of the central atom |
(e) | Octahedral |
|
Explanation of Solution
Octahedral
A molecule having octahedral geometry has the empirical formula
Figure 9
The bond angle between two atoms in octahedral molecule is
Figure 10
If the d-orbital of the
The hybridization of the central atom of the molecules with the given molecular geometries has been predicted.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 7 Solutions
CHEM: ATOM FIRST V.2 W/ACCESS >C<
- Aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid, has the formula C9H8O4 and the skeleton structure (a) Complete the Lewis structure and give the number of bonds and bonds in aspirin. (b) What is the hybridization about the CO2H carbon atom (colored blue)? (c) What is the hybridization about the carbon atom in the benzene-like ring that is bonded to an oxygen atom (colored red)? Also, what is the hybridization of the oxygen atom bonded to this carbon atom?arrow_forwardConsider the polyatomic ion IO65-. How many pairs of electrons are around the central iodine atom? What is its hybridization? Describe the geometry of the ion.arrow_forwardMethylcyanoacrylate is the active ingredient in super glues. Its Lewis structure is (a) How many sigma bonds are in the molecule? (b) How many pi bonds are in the molecule? (c) What is the hybridization of the carbon atom bonded to nitrogen? (d) What is the hybridization of the carbon atom bonded to oxygen? (e) What is the hybridization of the double-bonded oxygen?arrow_forward
- Do lone pairs about a central atom affect the hybridization of the central atom? If so, how?arrow_forwardMolecular Orbital Theory (See Examples 9.49.6.) The hydrogen molecular ion, H2+, can be detected spectroscopically. Write the electron configuration of the ion in molecular orbital terms. What is the bond order of the ion? Is the hydrogenhydrogen bond stronger or weaker in H2+ than in H2s?arrow_forwardConsidering only the molecular orbitals formed by combinations of the 2s atomic orbitals, how many molecular orbitals can be formed by 1000 Li atoms? In the lowest energy state, how many of these orbitals will be populated by pairs of electrons and how many will be empty?arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysical ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781133958437Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, TomasPublisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning