Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Whether the given reaction proceeds via the SN2 or SN1 pathway must be determined, and a complete mechanism must be drawn.
Concept Introduction :
In the SN2 reaction backside attack of nucleophile takes place which leads to the inversion of configuration.
(b)
Interpretation:
Expected rate equation for SN2 reaction must be given.
Concept Introduction :
The SN2 reaction takes place in single step. So, bond breaking and new bond formation takes place simultaneously.
(c)
Interpretation:
Whether the reaction will proceed at a faster rate if cyanide concentration is doubled must be explained.
Concept Introduction :
The SN2
(d)
Interpretation:
An energy diagram must be drawn for SN2 process.
Concept Introduction:
Energy diagram of a reaction represents the relative energy level for reactants, products, transition state, and intermediate if involved.
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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY WILEYPLUS ACCESS>I<
- 2. The bromination of 2-butene is an exergonic reaction. Br H3C. Br2 CH3 CH3 Br a. Draw the mechanism for the reaction (you may ignore the stereochemistry for this question). b. In the mechanism drawn above, identify any intermediates. C. How many transition states are involved in the above mechanism? Without drawing the transition state(s), indicate where they occur in the mechanism. d. Which of the following reaction co-ordinate diagrams best illustrates this reaction? Explain briefly. On the diagram, draw the structures of the reactants, products and intermediates at the correct locations on the diagram and indicate which position(s) correspond to the transition state(s). Page 18 of 19 EYRERIMENT 7: BROMINATION OF CINNAMIC ACID WINTER 2022arrow_forward7. In eight steps or less, convert the given starting materials into the desired products. eight steps or less a. b. Br CI eight steps or less HO, OHarrow_forward27. Which is the expected product for the reaction of propyne with excess HBr?. A. 1-bromopropane B. 2-bromopane C. 2,2-dibromopropane D. 1,1-dibromopropane 28. The following compounds undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution EXCEPT I. A. I and II B. III and IV C. II and III D. III II. III. IV.arrow_forward
- Consider the following SN2 reaction.a.Draw a mechanism using curved arrows. b. Draw an energy diagram. Label the axes, the reactants, products, Ea, and ΔH°. Assume that the reaction is exothermic. c. Draw the structure of the transition state. d.What is the rate equation? e.What happens to the reaction rate in each of the following instances? [1] The leaving group is changed from Br− to I−; [2] The solvent is changed from acetone to CH3CH2OH; [3] The alkyl halide is changed from CH3(CH2)4Br to CH3CH2CH2CH(Br)CH3; [4] The concentration of −CN is increased by a factor of five; and [5] The concentrations of both the alkyl halide and −CN are increased by a factor of five.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about an SN2 reaction is true? A. There are two transition states. B. There is one energy maximum. C. The transition state can be isolated and studied. D. For a carbon electrophile in the transition state, the hybridization of an sp3 carbon remains unchanged. E. The reaction rate does not depend on the concentration of the electrophile.arrow_forwardDoubling the concentration of potassium hydroxide in Question # 24 causes: C'a. The reaction rate to be cut in half C b. The reaction rate to double C c. No effect on reaction rate C d. The reaction mechanism to change КОН CH,CH2NH2 - CH=CH, heat КОН b. CH,CH,OTOS CH=CH2 heat a.arrow_forward
- 5. Consider the following reaction: Br EtO Major Minor i. Draw the reaction mechanism for the formation of BOTH products. ii. Explain why the major product in this reaction is trans-isomer whereas cis- isomer is the minor product.arrow_forwardQuestion 1 Consider the reaction below. The AGxn for this reaction is 100 kJ/mol: a. Sketch a free energy diagram of this reaction b. Indicate the AG*xn in your diagram c. Is this reaction endergonic or exergonic? Explain d. Draw the transition state for this reaction go +Harrow_forwardWhat is the rate-determining step in an electrophilic substitution of benzene? Select one: O A. Loss of an H* ion from the arenium carbocation to reform the aromatic ring. O B. Attachment of the electrophile to the benzene ring. O C. O D. The step that generates the electrophile. regeneration of the reaction catalyst.arrow_forward
- 9. Consider the pair of reactions below to answer the following question(s). КОН a. CH,CH,NH2 CH=CH, heat or КОН CH;CH,OTos CH=CH, heat 1. Which reaction above is faster and why? II. Doubling the concentration of potassium hydroxide in these reactions: a. causes the reaction mechanism to change b. halves the rate of reaction C. has no effect on the rate of reaction d. doubles the rate of reaction IL The mechanism for these reactionsis: a. SN2 b. E2 C. SN1 d. E1 b.arrow_forward78arrow_forwardPlease answer all questionsarrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning