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(a)
Interpretation: Each element in the following list is to be classified as a cation or anion or element that is chemically nonreactive. The number of electrons the atom will gain or lose is to be written.
Concept Introduction: An atom is electrically neutral because it contains equal amounts of protons and electrons. When an atom or collection of atoms loses or receives electrons, an ion is created.
(a)
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Answer to Problem 86A
Lithium is a cation.
There is a loss of one electron during the
Explanation of Solution
A cation, or positively charged ion, is created when an atom loses its valence electrons.
Lithium belongs to group 1A elements. It loses an electron to form a lithium cation
Lithium loses one electron during a chemical reaction in order to form an ion.
(b)
Interpretation: Each element in the following list is to be classified as a cation or anion or element that is chemically nonreactive. The number of electrons the atom will gain or lose is to be written.
Concept Introduction: An atom is electrically neutral because it contains equal amounts of protons and electrons. When an atom or collection of atoms loses or receives electrons, an ion is created.
(b)
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Answer to Problem 86A
Sodium is a cation.
There is a loss of one electron during the chemical reaction.
Explanation of Solution
A cation, or positively charged ion, is created when an atom loses its valence electrons.
Sodium belongs to group 1A elements. It loses an electron to form a sodium cation
Sodium loses one electron during a chemical reaction in order to form an ion.
(c)
Interpretation: Each element in the following list is to be classified as a cation or anion or element that is chemically nonreactive. The number of electrons the atom will gain or lose is to be written.
Concept Introduction: An atom is electrically neutral because it contains equal amounts of protons and electrons. When an atom or collection of atoms loses or receives electrons, an ion is created.
(c)
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Answer to Problem 86A
Neon is a chemically unreactive element.
Explanation of Solution
A cation, or positively charged ion, is created when an atom loses its valence electrons.
An anion is created when a neutral atom accepts extra negatively charged electrons.
Neon is a noble gas that has an octet configuration. There is neither loss nor gain of electrons.
Due to octet configuration, it is unreactive in a chemical reaction.
(d)
Interpretation: Each element in the following list is to be classified as a cation or anion or element that is chemically nonreactive. The number of electrons the atom will gain or lose is to be written.
Concept Introduction: An atom is electrically neutral because it contains equal amounts of protons and electrons. When an atom or collection of atoms loses or receives electrons, an ion is created.
(d)
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 86A
Chlorine is an anion.
There is a gain of one electron during the chemical reaction.
Explanation of Solution
An anion is created when a neutral atom accepts extra negatively charged electrons.
Chlorine belongs to group 7A elements. It gains an electron to form a chloride anion
Chlorine gains one electron during a chemical reaction in order to form an ion.
(e)
Interpretation: Each element in the following list is to be classified as a cation or anion or element that is chemically nonreactive. The number of electrons the atom will gain or lose is to be written.
Concept Introduction: An atom is electrically neutral because it contains equal amounts of protons and electrons. When an atom or collection of atoms loses or receives electrons, an ion is created.
(e)
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 86A
Magnesium is a cation.
There is a loss of two electrons during the chemical reaction.
Explanation of Solution
A cation, or positively charged ion, is created when an atom loses its valence electrons.
Magnesium belongs to group 2A elements. It loses two electrons to form a magnesium cation
Magnesium loses two electrons during a chemical reaction in order to form an ion.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Chemistry 2012 Student Edition (hard Cover) Grade 11
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