Chapter 8, Problem 68PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism, rate and energy diagram of the given reaction are needed to be find out.

Concept introduction:

In an elimination reaction, alkenes are formed when alcohols are treated with strong acid via eliminating one β-proton and the $-\text{OH}$ group of the alcohol.

E1 reaction is a unimolecular elimination reaction in which carbocation is formed as an intermediate and it has stepwise mechanism.

• - $-\text{OH}$ group of alcohol is protonated by the strong acid.
• - The protonated $-\text{OH}$ group; that is ${\text{+OH}}_2$ group will leaving from the alcohol as a leaving group.
• - Deprotonation of β-proton and formation of double bond.

Curved arrows are used for drawing the mechanism of reaction.

Rate of E1 reaction is depends upon the concentration of substrate only.

Equation for the rate of E1 reaction is,

$\text{Rate}\text{=}\text{k}\text{[}\text{substrate}\text{]}$

In the Energy diagram of a reaction the number of humps is equals to the number of steps of the reaction.