(a)
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
The ionization energy in periodic table
In periodic table the ionization energy is increases from left to right in a period due to increasing effective nuclear charge and it decreases from top to bottom of a group due to size of the atom is increases and the force of the attraction between centre of the nucleus and outer most electrons is decreases.
(b)
Interpretation:
The electron affinity of given hypothetical elements X and Z have to be comparatively explained.
Concept introduction:
Electron affinity is well-known as the electron gain enthalpy. Electron gain enthalpy is the amount of energy released when an isolated gaseous atom accepts an electron to form a monovalent gaseous anion.
(c)
Interpretation:
The electron affinity of given hypothetical elements X and Z have to be comparatively explained.
Concept introduction:
The ionization energy in periodic table
In periodic table the ionization energy is increases from left to right in a period due to increasing effective nuclear charge and it decreases from top to bottom of a group due to size of the atom is increases and the force of the attraction between centre of the nucleus and outer most electrons is decreases.
Electron affinity:
Electron affinity is well-known as the electron gain enthalpy. Electron gain enthalpy is the amount of energy released when an isolated gaseous atom accepts an electron to form a monovalent gaseous anion.
(d)
Interpretation:
The electron affinity of given hypothetical elements X and Z have to be comparatively explained.
Concept introduction:
The ionization energy in periodic table
In periodic table the ionization energy is increases from left to right in a period due to increasing effective nuclear charge and it decreases from top to bottom of a group due to size of the atom is increases and the force of the attraction between centre of the nucleus and outer most electrons is decreases.
Electron affinity:
Electron affinity is well-known as the electron gain enthalpy. Electron gain enthalpy is the amount of energy released when an isolated gaseous atom accepts an electron to form a monovalent gaseous anion.
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Chapter 8 Solutions
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)
- Answer the following questions about first ionization energies. (a) Generally ionization energies increase on proceeding across a period, but this is not true for magnesium (738 kJ/mol) and aluminium (578 kJ/mol). Explain this observation. (b) Explain why the ionization energy of phosphorus (1012 kJ/mol) is greater than that of sulphur (1000 kJ/mol) when the general trend in ionization energies in a period would predict the opposite.arrow_forwardName the element corresponding to each characteristic below. (a) the element with the electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p3 (b) the alkaline earth element with the smallest atomic radius (c) the element with the largest ionization energy in Croup 5A (d) the element whose 2+ ion has the configuration [Kr]4d5 (e) the element with the most negative electron attachment enthalpy in Croup 7A (f) the element whose electron configuration is [Ar]3d104s2arrow_forward6.82 A particular element has the following values for its first four ionization energies: 900, 1760, 14, 850, and 21,000 kJ/mol. Without consulting a list of ionization energy values, determine what group in the periodic table this element belongs in.arrow_forward
- Answer the questions below about the elements A and B, which haw the electron configurations shown. A = [Kr]5s1 B =[Ar]3d104s24p4 (a) Is element A a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid? (b) Which element has the greater ionization energy? (c) Which element has the less negative electron attachment enthalpy? (d) Which element has the larger atomic radius? (e) What is the formula for a compound formed between A and B?arrow_forward6.69 Compare the elements Na, B, Al, and C with regard to the following properties. (a) Which has the largest atomic radius? (b) Which has the most negative electron affinity? (c) Place the elements in order of increasing ionization energy.arrow_forwardWhich ion with a +1 charge has the electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p6? Which ion with a —2 charge has this configuration?arrow_forward
- Using your knowledge of the trends in element sizes on going across the periodic table, explain briefly why the density of the elements increases from K through V.arrow_forwardCompare the elements Na, Mg, O, and P. (a) Which has the largest atomic radius? (b) Which has the most negative electron attachment enthalpy? (c) Place the elements in order of increasing ionization energy.arrow_forward
- General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningLiving By Chemistry: First Edition TextbookChemistryISBN:9781559539418Author:Angelica StacyPublisher:MAC HIGHER
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning