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(a)
Interpretation: The electron dot structure of HOOH needs to be drawn. Also, the polar covalent bonds need to be identified by assigning partial positive and negative charges on atoms.
Concept Introduction: A covalent bond can be polar if the two atoms bonded together have electronegativity differences. Here, an atom with more electronegativity has a partial negative charge, and an atom with less electronegativity has a partial positive charge.
(a)
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Explanation of Solution
The given molecule is HOOH. Here, oxygen atoms are bonded together with one hydrogen atom. The number of valence electrons in an oxygen atom is 6 and that in the hydrogen atom is 1; thus, the total number of valence electrons will be:
The arrangement of electrons around an atom can be represented as follows:
In the above molecule, the oxygen atom is more electronegative than the hydrogen atom. Thus, the oxygen atom will have a partial negative charge and the hydrogen atom will have a partial positive charge. This is represented as follows:
(b)
Interpretation: The electron dot structure of BrCl needs to be drawn. Also, the polar covalent bonds need to be identified by assigning partial positive and negative charges on atoms.
Concept Introduction: A covalent bond can be polar if the two atoms bonded together have electronegativity differences. Here, the atom with more electronegativity has a partial negative charge, and the atom with less electronegativity has a partial positive charge.
(b)
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Explanation of Solution
The given molecule is BrCl. Here, Br and Cl are bonded via a single covalent bond. There are 7 valence electrons on Br and Cl atoms. Thus, the total number of valence electrons in the molecule will be:
The arrangement of electrons around the atom in the molecule can be represented as follows:
In the above molecule, the Cl atom is more electronegative than the Br atom. Thus, the Cl atom will have a partial negative charge and the Br atom will have a partial positive charge. This can be represented as follows:
(c)
Interpretation: The electron dot structure of HBr needs to be drawn. Also, the polar covalent bonds need to be identified by assigning partial positive and negative charges on atoms.
Concept Introduction: A covalent bond can be polar if the two atoms bonded together have electronegativity differences. Here, the atom with more electronegativity has a partial negative charge, and the atom with less electronegativity has a partial positive charge.
(c)
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Explanation of Solution
The given molecule is HBr. Here, H and Br are bonded via a single covalent bond. There are 7 valence electrons in the Br atom and 1 valence electron in the H atom. Thus, the total number of valence electrons in a molecule will be:
The arrangement of electrons around an atom in the molecule can be represented as follows:
In the molecule, the Br atom is more electronegative than the H atom thus, there will be a partial negative charge on Br and a partial positive charge on the H atom. This can be represented as follows:
(d)
Interpretation: The electron dot structure of
Concept Introduction: A covalent bond can be polar if the two atoms bonded together have electronegativity differences. Here, the atom with more electronegativity has a partial negative charge, and the atom with less electronegativity has a partial positive charge.
(d)
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Explanation of Solution
The given molecule is
The arrangement of electrons around atoms in the molecule can be represented as follows:
In the above molecule, the oxygen atom is more electronegative than the hydrogen atom. Thus, the oxygen atom will have a partial negative charge and the hydrogen atom will have a partial positive charge. This is represented as follows:
Chapter 8 Solutions
Chemistry 2012 Student Edition (hard Cover) Grade 11
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