EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS
2nd Edition
ISBN: 8220101459299
Author: Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9, Problem 10TYU
SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Shown here are two He La cancer cells that are just completing cytokinesis. Explain how the cell division of cancer cells like these is misregulated. What genetic and other changes might have caused these cells to escape normal cell cycle regulation?
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Hi, can you explain this concept: cell cycle progression can be halted at several points by the tumor suppressor gene product p53, activated in response to checkpoints sensing DNA and possibly also chromosome damage; loss of p53 would remove this brake to cycling. How these events can lead to cancer progression?
In your own words:
Describe the molecular mechanisms involved in P53’s role as a tumor repressor protein.
Fighting Cancer by Disrupting Mitosis
Scientists have identified a number of toxins that disrupt
mitosis. These toxins can be used in many different ways –
some of them are used during scientific research to arrest
the cell cycle at specific points so that the cells can be
studied. Others have clinical applications as
chemotherapeutic drugs that are useful in the treatment of
cancer, as well as other types of disease.
Study the list of toxins below, and use the information
provided and your understanding of mitosis to answer the
questions below.
Note: some of these drugs are currently approved for
clinical use, while others are still in development. For the
purposes of this exercise, assume that all of them are
available for use.
Drug
How it affects mitosis
Status of drug
Vincristine Prevents polymerization of tubulin
Approved
Paclitaxel
Prevents depolymerization of tubulin and can
result in multipolar spindle formation
Approved
Flavopiridol Blocks Cdk-1. Cdk-1 is a kinase that helps…
Chapter 9 Solutions
EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS
Ch. 9.1 - WHAT IF? A chicken has 78 chromosomes in its...Ch. 9.2 - Compare cytokinesis in animal cells and plant...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 9.2 - Compare the roles of tubulin and actin during...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 9.3 - Compare and contrast a benign tumor and a...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 4CCCh. 9 - Through a microscope, you can see a cell plate...Ch. 9 - In the cells of some organisms, mitosis occurs...
Ch. 9 - Which of the following does not occur during...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 9 - The drug cytochalasin B blocks the function of...Ch. 9 - DRAW IT Draw one eukaryotic chromosome as it would...Ch. 9 - The light micrograph shows dividing cells near the...Ch. 9 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Although both ends of a...Ch. 9 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION The result of mitosis is that...Ch. 9 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Shown here are two He La...Ch. 9 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION The continuity of life is...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Figure 28.11 depicts the eukaryotic cell cycle. Many cell types “exit� the cell cycle and don’t divide for prolonged periods, a state termedG0; some, for example neurons, never divide again. a. In what stage of the cell cycle do you suppose a cell might be when it exits the cell cycle and enters G0? b. The cell cycle is controlled by checkpoints, cyclins, and CDKs. Describe how biochemical events involving cyclins and CDKs might control passage of a dividing cell through the cell cycle.arrow_forwardFigure 10.13 Rb and other proteins that negatively regulate the cell cycle are sometimes called tumor suppressors. Why do you think the name tumor suppressor might be appropriate for these proteins?arrow_forwardBriefly describe the cell cycle, its checkpoints, and the general proteins required to move past each checkpoint. For each cell cycle checkpoint, be sure to describe what the cell is "checking for" and how this "check" occurs, along with the result if the checkpoint cannot be passed. Your answer should also include a description of the structure of MPF, its regulation, and its general targets or functions. Be sure to include any accessory molecules or proteins involved in regulation of MPF, while also describing the process by which MPF is formed and activated. In this answer, you should also choose two proteins involved in the cell cycle, which, if mutated, will cause cancer. Describe these proteins and their normal functions, and then show how a mutation in these proteins will result in cancer.arrow_forward
- Artificially induced apoptosis (controlled cellular death) is found to be an effective treat- ment for some forms of cancer. Which of the following describes the most likely mechanism by which apoptosis might be induced? A B с D by causing ribosomes to increase the rate of protein synthesis by triggering the division of mitochondria in the cell to increase ATP production by increasing the expression of membrane-bound glucose protein channels by causing lysosomes to release digestive enzymes into the cytosolarrow_forwardDiscuss the complete cell cycle in a human cell, mitosis and meiosis, and the regulatory components (i.e. the proteins associated with cellular checkpoints) of the cell cycle. Tumor growth results when the cell cycle checkpoints are ignored. Give an example of how tumor growth could result from either a loss-of-function or a gain-of-function mutation.arrow_forwardShown here are two HeLa cancer cells that are just completing cytokinesis. Explain how the cell division of cancer cellslike these is misregulated. Identify genetic and other changesthat might have caused these cells to escape normal cell cycleregulationarrow_forward
- In your own words, explain how cancer cells differ from normal cells in regard to the following: Molecular controls of the cell cycle (include Cdk and Cdk/cyclin complexes, p53 gene/protein, Rb gene/protein in response)arrow_forwardWhat role do aurora kinase play in the cell cycle and how would using these kinases as target for cancer treated work?arrow_forwardIn experiment of importance of cell cycle control, what does your reults indicate about cell cylce control? suppose a person developed a mutation in a somatic cell diminishes the performance of the body's natural cell cycle control proteins. this mutation resulted in cancer, but was effectively treated with cocktail of cancer-fighting techniques. is it possible for this person's future children to inherit this cancer-causing mutation? Be specific when you are explain why or why not.arrow_forward
- Hi can you elaborate in detail about the following; thanks. The fabrication of 3D printers cellular scaffolds for cancer research. Would this process is viable? Are there potential disadvantages to this model that can be solved by a traditional or other novel method?arrow_forwardBy what molecular pathway does loss of cell cycle regulation in an organism lead to cancer? What genetic changes can cooperate to accomplish the cancer cell’s escape from the normal balance of cell growth?arrow_forwardPart A and B A. What below would be likely to lead to cancer development? A) Overexpression of a cell cycle checkpoint inhibitor B) Loss of expression of a growth factor that promotes cell cycle entry C) Overexpression of a receptor tyrosine kinase that promotes cell cycle entry D) Overexpression of a DNA damage repair enzyme E) Loss of expression of a regulatory transcription factor that activates transcription of a cyclin B. Taxols inhibit the proper function of microtubules and are frequently used as chemotherapy drugs. What is the function of microtubules during the cell cycle? A) They promote the G1 to S checkpoint B) They normally inhibit M phase from being completed C) They form the mitotic spindle E) They mediate DNA replication F) They form the cleavage furrow during cytokinesisarrow_forward
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