Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134765037
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9, Problem 23BS
There are now nearly 200 recognized breeds of dog, from the affenpinscher to the Yorkshire terrier. But several of these suffer from medical problems due to the inbreeding required to establish the breed. For example, nearly every Cavalier King Charles Spaniel (discussed in the Biology and Society section) suffers from heart murmurs caused by a genetically defective heart valve. Such problems are likely to remain as long as the organizations that oversee dog breeding maintain strict pedigree requirements. Some people are suggesting that every breed be allowed to mix with others to help introduce new gene lines free of the congenital defects. Why do you think the governing societies are resistant to such crossbreed mixing? What would you do if you were in charge of addressing the genetic defects that currently plague some breeds?
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In genetics, the dash symbol (–) is a “wild card” that stands for either the dominant allele or the recessive allele; for example, A– means the individual has either the genotype AA or Aa. Two genes that undergo independent assortment affect coat color in Duroc pigs. Each gene has two alleles, one of which is dominant for coat color. Genotypes of the form A– B– are red, those of the form A– bb and aa B– are sandy, and genotype aa bb is white. What ratio of red:sandy:white is expected from the cross Aa Bb x Aa Bb?
Below is a pedigree of a family in which all the people in generation II are dead (indicated with a slash) because of political unrest in their country. Which children in generation III could be traced to the grandmother in this pedigree by using only mitochondrial DNA sequences?
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b.
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c.
A, B, C, D, and E
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Below is a pedigree of a family in which all the people in generation II are dead (indicated with a slash) because of political unrest in their country. Which children in generation III could be traced to the grandmother in this pedigree by using only mitochondrial DNA sequences?
B, C, and E.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
Ch. 9 - The genetic makeup of an organism is called its...Ch. 9 - Which of Mendels laws is represented by each...Ch. 9 - Edward was found to be heterozygous (Ss) for the...Ch. 9 - Whether an allele is dominant or recessive depends...Ch. 9 - Prob. 5SQCh. 9 - Prob. 6SQCh. 9 - Prob. 7SQCh. 9 - Prob. 8SQCh. 9 - Adult height in people is at least partially...Ch. 9 - A purebred brown mouse is repeatedly mated with a...
Ch. 9 - How could you determine the genotype of one of the...Ch. 9 - Tim and Jan have freckles (a dominant trait), but...Ch. 9 - Incomplete dominance is seen in the inheritance of...Ch. 9 - Why was Henry VIII wrong to blame his wives for...Ch. 9 - Both parents of a boy arc phenotypically normal,...Ch. 9 - Heather was surprised to discover that she...Ch. 9 - Prob. 17SQCh. 9 - Prob. 18IMTCh. 9 - Prob. 19IMTCh. 9 - For each pair of your homologous chromosomes, one...Ch. 9 - In 1981, a stray cat with unusual curled-back ears...Ch. 9 - Interpreting Data As shown in the Punnett square...Ch. 9 - There are now nearly 200 recognized breeds of dog,...Ch. 9 - Gregor Mendel never saw a gene, yet he concluded...Ch. 9 - Prob. 25BS
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- Pedigree analysis is a fundamental tool for investigating whether or not a trait is following a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. It can also be used to help identify individuals within a family who may be at risk for the trait. Adam and Sarah, a young couple of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, went to a genetic counselor because they were planning a family and wanted to know what their chances were for having a child with a genetic condition. The genetic counselor took a detailed family history from both of them and discovered several traits in their respective families. Sarahs maternal family history is suggestive of an autosomal dominant pattern of cancer predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer because of the young ages at which her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with their cancers. If a mutant allele that predisposed to breast and ovarian cancer was inherited in Sarahs family, she, her sister, and any of her own future children could be at risk for inheriting this mutation. The counselor told her that genetic testing is available that may help determine if this mutant allele is present in her family members. Adams paternal family history has a very strong pattern of early onset heart disease. An autosomal dominant condition known as familial hypercholesterolemia may be responsible for the large number of deaths from heart disease. As with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, genetic testing is available to see if Adam carries the mutant allele. Testing will give the couple more information about the chances that their children could inherit this mutation. Adam had a first cousin who died from Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), a fatal autosomal recessive condition most commonly found in people of Eastern European Jewish descent. Because TSD is a recessively inherited disorder, both of his cousins parents must have been heterozygous carriers of the mutant allele. If that is the case, Adams father could be a carrier as well. If Adams father carries the mutant TSD allele, it is possible that Adam inherited this mutation. Because Sarah is also of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, she could also be a carrier of the gene, even though no one in her family has been affected with TSD. If Adam and Sarah are both carriers, each of their children would have a 25% chance of being afflicted with TSD. A simple blood test performed on both Sarah and Adam could determine whether they are carriers of this mutation. Would you decide to have a child if the test results said that you carry the mutation for breast and ovarian cancer? The heart disease mutation? The TSD mutation? The heart disease and the mutant alleles?arrow_forwardPedigree analysis is a fundamental tool for investigating whether or not a trait is following a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. It can also be used to help identify individuals within a family who may be at risk for the trait. Adam and Sarah, a young couple of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, went to a genetic counselor because they were planning a family and wanted to know what their chances were for having a child with a genetic condition. The genetic counselor took a detailed family history from both of them and discovered several traits in their respective families. Sarahs maternal family history is suggestive of an autosomal dominant pattern of cancer predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer because of the young ages at which her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with their cancers. 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