(a)
To determine: The true statement for the given false statement, “Although the reactions of gluconeogenesis are simply the reverse of the reactions of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis requires more energy than glycolysis releases.”
Introduction: Glycolysis is the process of breakdown of glucose. The resultant product is the pyruvate along with the release of two molecules of ATP. Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon sources.
(b)
To determine: The true statement for the given false statement, “because glycolysis involves the partial oxidation of glucose, it cannot proceed in the absence of oxygen”.
Introduction: Glycolysis is the process of breakdown of glucose. The resultant product is the pyruvate along with the release of two molecules of ATP. Glycolysis is the first step in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy for cellular
(c)
To determine: The true statement for the given false statement, “ATP is ideal for the energy currency of the cell because it has most negative standard free energy change of hydrolysis of any phosphorylated compound in the cell”.
Introduction: Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is a complex organic system. It provides energy for carrying out various processes in living organisms. It is a driving fuel of the cell. The ATP in the cell is stored as ATP pool. The energy system comprises of high energy phosphates are called the phosphagen system
(d)
To determine: The true statement for the given false statement “because energy production is so important in the cell, glycolytic enzymes function solely to degrade glucose”.
Introduction: Glycolysis is the process of breakdown of glucose. The resultant product is the pyruvate along with the release of two molecules of ATP. The enzymes involved in the glycolysis process are called the glycolytic enzymes.
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- Modified true or false. Replace the underlined word if false. Glucagon inhibits beta-oxidation, but stimulates fatty acid biosynthesis.arrow_forwardTrue or false? Under anaerobic conditions, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is responsible for the irreversible conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA.arrow_forwardGluconeogenesis is not a mere reversal of glycolysis, explain?arrow_forward
- No need to explain; simply provide the correct answer to the following questions. Name the process that describes the metabolism of glucose and produces the end products pyruvate or lactate? True or False- in glycogenolysis, phosphorylation activates glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase What molecules does the glycolysis process produce? Which statements are valid? a. (fibers are the same as starches) b. (consuming soluble fibers is beneficial for those suffering from constipation) c. (consuming insoluble fibers is beneficial for those with watery stools) True or False- Gluconeogenesis is a reversal of the process of glycolysisarrow_forwardNo need to explain; simply provide the correct answer to the following questions. Fill in the blanks: at the beginning of glycolysis, glucose is converted into ______ by the enzyme _______ What process involves the formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources? Which statements are valid? a. (Glucose is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen) b. (sucrose is made up of two glucose units) c. (Lactose is made up of glucose and galactose)arrow_forwardEntire metabolic pathway of galactosemiaarrow_forward
- 1. State if true or false a. Gluconeogenesis is the exact opposite of the glycolytic pathway b. The end-product of glycolysis is Acetyl CoA c. There is no enzyme being secreted in the stomach for carbohydrate digestion d.Glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle, which is active in skeletal muscles and in the brain, bypasses Complex I and II of ETC resulting to less energy produced compared to malate-aspartate shuttle. e. Insoluble NSP has high water holding capacity and will increase the intestinal transit time of digesta.arrow_forwardInhibiting which of the following enzymes will block gluconeogenesis but not glycolysis? Pyruvate carboxylase Pyruvate kinase Phosphoglycerokinase Phosphenolpyruvate carboxykinase Phosphofructokinase-1arrow_forwardATP Accounting Upon digestion of strach, isomaltose, one of its degradation products is further hydrolized into its monosaccharide components prior to intestinal absorption and entry into the glycolysis. Calculate the number of ATP molecules produced from the digestion and complete oxidation of 43 molecules of isomaltose considering the glycerol - phosphate shuttle. a. total number of glucose molecules entering glycolysis b. total number of pyruvate molecules produced at the end of glycolysis c. total number of mitochondrial NADH produced after pyruvate is acted upon the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex d. total number of CO2 released right after the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reaction e. total number of acetyl CoA molecules entering citric acid cycle f. total number of net cytosolic ATP molecules produced right after glycolysis g. total number of all NADH molecules produced after complete oxidation h. total number of all FADH2 molecules procuced after complete oxidation i. total…arrow_forward
- c) Cooperation between glycolysis and gluconeogenesis is important to ensure the glucose-subjected energy demands of specific cells are met. Explain this statement.arrow_forwardClassify each enzyme of glycolysis into one of the six classes of enzymes. What class of enzymes has the most representatives in glycolysis? Why is this consistent with the goals of glycolysis? Why are ligases not represented in glycolysis?arrow_forwardStep in citric acid cycle for food metabolismarrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning