Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The equation given below has to be balanced.
(a)
Explanation of Solution
The given chemical equation is written as follows;
Balancing hydrogen atoms: In the above equation, there are four hydrogen atoms on left side of the equation while three hydrogen atoms are present in right side of the equation. Adding coefficient
(b)
Interpretation:
Oxidation number of nitrogen in
Concept Introduction:
Oxidation state of a species is the one that has a specified oxidation number. Increase in oxidation number corresponds to oxidation while decrease in oxidation number corresponds to reduction. Rules for assigning oxidation number for an element is given as follows;
- The oxidation number is zero for the element that is present in uncombined state.
- Sum of the oxidation number of the atoms that is present in it is equal to the charge on the species.
- Oxidation number of the element is the charge that is possessed when the more electronegative atom is imagined to be an ion.
(b)
Explanation of Solution
Oxidation number of nitrogen in
The sum of oxidation state of the individual atoms is equal to the total charge. Therefore, the oxidation number of nitrogen can be found as shown below;
Thus the oxidation state of nitrogen in
Oxidation number of nitrogen in
The sum of oxidation state of the individual atoms is equal to the total charge. Therefore, the oxidation number of nitrogen can be found as shown below;
Thus the oxidation state of nitrogen in
Oxidation number of nitrogen in
Nitrogen molecule consists only atoms of nitrogen. Oxidation number of an element that is in its free form is zero. Therefore, the oxidation state of nitrogen in
(c)
Interpretation:
Oxidizing agent and reducing agent has to be identified in the given reaction.
Concept Introduction:
In
In redox reactions, reducing agent is the one that gets oxidized by causing reduction. These agents can be ions, elements, or even compounds. In reduction, the oxidation number decreases due to gain of electrons.
(c)
Answer to Problem K.22E
Oxidizing agent and reducing agent is
Explanation of Solution
The given reaction is written as follows;
Oxidation number of the atoms present in the above equation is indicated as follows;
From the above equation, it is found that the oxidation state of nitrogen is increased from
The oxidation state of nitrogen decreases from
(d)
Interpretation:
Volume of nitrogen gas that will be obtained from
(d)
Answer to Problem K.22E
Volume of nitrogen is
Explanation of Solution
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is written as follows;
Density of hydrazine is given as
Molar mass of hydrazine is
Considering the balanced chemical equation, it is found that three moles of hydrazine gives one mole of nitrogen. Therefore, moles of nitrogen is calculated as shown below;
It is given that
Thus the volume of nitrogen that will be produced is
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Chapter F Solutions
CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES W/SAPLING
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