Chapter PIII, Problem 23RE

(a)

To determine

To Explain: that this an observational or experimental study.

Explanation of Solution

This was an experimental study where the one element that is candy is manipulated and the treatments are generated and randomly distributed to these treatment levels, implying that as a result of the two treatments, it has two levels that are candy or no candy. The percentage of the bill provided with a tip is the liable component.

(b)

To determine

To explain: to say that the candy caused guests to tip more is logical.

Explanation of Solution

It depends on the customer that candy prompted guests to tip more and the waiter may have subconsciously added bias to treat the customer better if the decision whether to offer candy or not was angry until the people were served. If the decision was taken right before the check was sent, then it is fair to assume that the candy caused the tip to rise in the percentage of the bill.

(c)

To determine

To Explain: the meaning of researchers said that the difference is statistically significant.

Explanation of Solution

In this sense, the researcher said that the gap was statistically important means the gap in the percentage of points between 17.8 percent of the candy community and no candy groups that is 15.1 percent was more than predicted due to the variation in the sampling.