Chapter U5.7, Problem 5E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The following combustion reaction is to be completed and balanced chemical equation needs to be written for the reaction.

  ${\text{C}}_{\text{7}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}\text{O}\text{(}l\text{)}\text{+}{\text{O}}_2(g)\to$

Concept Introduction : Combustion is a chemical reaction in which a compound or an element undergoes reaction with oxygen and releases energy in the form of light and heat. Combustion of covalent compounds comprising carbon and hydrogen produces carbon dioxide and water. The combustion of metallic substance produces metal oxide.

Answer to Problem 5E

Balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is,

  ${\text{C}}_{\text{7}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}\text{O}\text{(}l\text{)}\text{+}8{\text{O}}_2(g)\to 7{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+3{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\text{(}l\text{)}$

Explanation of Solution

Reaction of covalent compound (having C and H atoms) with oxygen produces carbon dioxide and water. So, the complete reaction for the given reaction is,

  ${\text{C}}_{\text{7}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}\text{O}\text{(}l\text{)}\text{+}{\text{O}}_2(g)\to {\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\text{(}l\text{)}$

Balanced chemical reaction is the chemical equation in which number of atoms of every element is equal in both reactant and product side of the chemical equal.

The above equation is not balanced. To balance the equation, add coefficient 7 to ${\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)$ , 3 to ${\text{H}}_2\text{O}$ and 8 to ${\text{O}}_2$ .

  ${\text{C}}_{\text{7}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}\text{O}\text{(}l\text{)}\text{+}8{\text{O}}_2(g)\to 7{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+3{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\text{(}l\text{)}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The following combustion reaction is to be completed and balanced chemical equation needs to be written for the reaction.

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{COCH}}_{\text{3}}(l)+{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}(g)\to$

Concept Introduction : Combustion is a chemical reaction in which a compound or an element undergoes reaction with oxygen and releases energy in the form of light and heat. Combustion of covalent compounds comprising carbon and hydrogen produces carbon dioxide and water. The combustion of metallic substance produces metal oxide.

Answer to Problem 5E

Balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is,

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{COCH}}_{\text{3}}(l)+4{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}(g)\to 3{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+3{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\text{(}l\text{)}$

Explanation of Solution

Reaction of covalent compound (having C and H atoms) with oxygen produces carbon dioxide and water. So, the complete reaction for the given reaction is,

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{COCH}}_{\text{3}}(l)+{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}(g)\to {\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\text{(}l\text{)}$

Balanced chemical reaction is the chemical equation in which number of atoms of every element is equal in both reactant and product side of the chemical equal.

The above equation is not balanced. To balance the equation, add coefficient 4 to ${\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)$ , 3 to ${\text{H}}_2\text{O}$ and 3 to ${\text{O}}_2$ .

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{COCH}}_{\text{3}}(l)+4{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}(g)\to 3{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+3{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\text{(}l\text{)}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The following combustion reaction is to be completed and balanced chemical equation needs to be written for the reaction.

  ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}(s)+{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}(g)\to$

Concept Introduction : Combustion is a chemical reaction in which a compound or an element undergoes reaction with oxygen and releases energy in the form of light and heat. Combustion of covalent compounds comprising carbon and hydrogen produces carbon dioxide and water. The combustion of metallic substance produces metal oxide.

Answer to Problem 5E

Balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is,

  ${\text{2H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}(s)+{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}(g)\to 4{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+2{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\text{(}l\text{)}$

Explanation of Solution

Reaction of covalent compound (having C and H atoms) with oxygen produces carbon dioxide and water. So, the complete reaction for the given reaction is,

  ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}(s)+{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}(g)\to {\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\text{(}l\text{)}$

Balanced chemical reaction is the chemical equation in which number of atoms of every element is equal in both reactant and product side of the chemical equal.

The above equation is not balanced. To balance the equation, add coefficient 4 to ${\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)$ , 2 to ${\text{H}}_2\text{O}$ and 2 to ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}$ .

  ${\text{2H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}(s)+{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}(g)\to 4{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+2{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\text{(}l\text{)}$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The following combustion reaction is to be completed and balanced chemical equation needs to be written for the reaction.

  $\text{Ca}\text{(}s\text{)}\text{+}{\text{O}}_2(g)\to$

Concept Introduction: Combustion is a chemical reaction in which a compound or an element undergoes reaction with oxygen and releases energy in the form of light and heat. Combustion of covalent compounds comprising carbon and hydrogen produces carbon dioxide and water. The combustion of metallic substance produces metal oxide.

Answer to Problem 5E

Balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is,

  $\text{2Ca}\text{(}s\text{)}\text{+}{\text{O}}_2(g)\to 2\text{CaO}\text{(}s\text{)}$

Explanation of Solution

When metals react with oxygen metal oxide produces. So, the complete reaction of calcium (metal) with oxygen is as follows:

  $\text{Ca}\text{(}s\text{)}\text{+}{\text{O}}_2(g)\to \text{CaO}\text{(}s\text{)}$

The above equation is not a balanced chemical equation. To balance the equation, add coefficient 2 to both Ca and $\text{CaO}$ .

  $\text{2Ca}\text{(}s\text{)}\text{+}{\text{O}}_2(g)\to 2\text{CaO}\text{(}s\text{)}$

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The following combustion reaction is to be completed and balanced chemical equation needs to be written for the reaction.

  $\text{Li}\text{(}s\text{)}\text{+}{\text{O}}_2(g)\to$

Concept Introduction: Combustion is a chemical reaction in which a compound or an element undergoes reaction with oxygen and releases energy in the form of light and heat. Combustion of covalent compounds comprising carbon and hydrogen produces carbon dioxide and water. The combustion of metallic substance produces metal oxide.

Answer to Problem 5E

Balanced chemical equation for the reaction is,

  $\text{4Li}\text{(}s\text{)}\text{+}{\text{O}}_2(g)\to 2{\text{Li}}_2\text{O}\text{(}s\text{)}$

Explanation of Solution

When metals react with oxygen corresponding metal oxide produces. So, the reaction of lithium (metal) with oxygen is as follows:

  $\text{Li}\text{(}s\text{)}\text{+}{\text{O}}_2(g)\to {\text{Li}}_2\text{O}\text{(}s\text{)}$

The above equation is not a balanced chemical equation. To balance the equation, add coefficient 2 to ${\text{Li}}_2\text{O}$ and 4 to $\text{Li}$ .

  $\text{Si}\text{(}s\text{)}\text{+}{\text{O}}_2(g)\to$

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The following combustion reaction is to be completed and balanced chemical equation needs to be written for the reaction.

  $\text{Si}\text{(}s\text{)}\text{+}{\text{O}}_2(g)\to$

Concept Introduction: Combustion is a chemical reaction in which a compound or an element undergoes reaction with oxygen and releases energy in the form of light and heat. Combustion of covalent compounds comprising carbon and hydrogen produces carbon dioxide and water. The combustion of metallic substance produces metal oxide.

Answer to Problem 5E

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is,

  $\text{Si}\text{(}s\text{)}\text{+}{\text{O}}_2(g)\to {\text{SiO}}_{\text{2}}$

Explanation of Solution

Silicon is a non-metal and reaction of non-metal with oxygen produces non-metal oxide. So, the reaction is,

  $\text{Si}\text{(}s\text{)}\text{+}{\text{O}}_2(g)\to {\text{SiO}}_{\text{2}}$

The above equation is balanced and therefore no need to balance again.