Luciferase

ABSTRACT: An independently folding RNA G-quadruplex (GQ) forming domain interacts with the 40S ribosomal subunit and determines their binding affinity and function of an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES). The interaction begins to shed light to theprovide possible mechanistic role of RNA GQ structures in cap-independent translation initiation. RNA G-quadruplexes (GQ) structures are secondary nucleic acid structures are that can act as both necessary elements of translation and as translation

Ribosomal ribonucleic acid, or rRNA, is the principle component of the ribosome and is crucial in the development of proteins for living cells. Approximately 80-85% of a cell’s total RNA is made up of rRNA. The low molecular weight transfer RNA (tRNA), which aids in bringing amino acids to the site of ribosomal translation, comprises only 15-20%. The remaining 1-5% is made up by messenger RNA (mRNA), which is essentially the encoding blueprint for the synthesis of a given protein. Proteins are

the Ampr gene which inhibited ampicillin via -lactamase, thus, DH5 cells that took up pGEM were able to actually grow in the agar plates containing ampicillin [1]. In order to determine the efficiency of the ligations and observe any activity of luciferase, several transformations were plated, and the produced blue and white colonies were counted [1]. If pGEM contains an insert, the insert itself will inactivate LacZ by disrupting its sequence -- blue products result from intact pGEM because -galactosidase

Millions of people in the world know someone or have personally been afflicted with the disease that causes uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body, better known as cancer. In the US alone half of all men and one third of all women will develop cancer at some point in their life. There are over 100 known cancers and they all, even when treated or caught early can lead to serious illness and death. This is why researchers and doctors everywhere are looking for answers to cure

p16INK4a overexpression in pre-malignant lesions Several pieces of evidence suggested that the ability to bypass senescence is the main molecular mechanism involved in the progression of pre-malignant to malignant cells (Braig 2005; Collado 2007). This hypothesis is based on the concept of oncogene-induced senescence, which was established after demonstration of p53- and p16Ink4a - mediated senescent-like arrest in response to expression of oncogenic Ras in normal primary cells (Collado 2007).

“Live the life you’ve imagined”, wrote on cover page of my notebook gave by my mentor Dr. Xu. When I was six, I witnessed my aunt suffering from serious rheumatoid arthritis and nobody even know why it happened. I imagined one day I can be a scientist to find out the causes for all those brutal diseases and fight against them. This compass navigates my career path and leads me to where I am right now, a biology student in University of Kansas. My professional journey started at 2007, my freshman

movement and also provide a turning ability [5]. Another unique characteristic of dinoflagellates is the ability to bioluminesce. In total, 68 species are bioluminescent and emit a blue-green light due to the stimulation of the enzyme dinoflagellate luciferase [6, 7]. Although there are many defining characteristics of dinoflagellates, there is still confusion as to whether they should be identified as algae or protists. Protists are mostly unicellular and can be heterotrophic or

Whole cell bioluminescent bacterial biosensors. Introduction A biosensor is a system or device that is used for the measurement of a particular substance in which a biological component is used as the recognition element. (Urban, 2013). Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that combine a biological sensing element with a transducer to produce a signal proportional to the analyte concentration. They utilise immobilized viable or non viable microbial cells. Viable whole cell biosensors incorporate

in fireflies, also known as lightening bugs, bioluminescence (Biology Book). Bioluminescence is the process in which living organisms convert chemical energy into light (Branchini, 2008). In the fireflies case the reaction involves the enzyme luciferase which lights up a lantern-like mechanism under the tip the wings and attached to the end of the body of the firefly.

Introduction- background information(significance of addressing this problem towards biochem)/why are they doing the experiment/what question are they trying to answer (broad/hypothesis)- at least one page In biochemistry, we learn about ligands and receptors. A ligand is a molecule which binds to another molecule and a receptor is anything responding to a particular signal; more specifically we look at proteins and their enzymes, proteins being the receptors of their signaling enzymes. Ligands