According to Peterson (2013), “Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by difficulties in social interaction and communication, repetitive behaviors, and stereotyped interests and activities” (p. 748). However, symptoms and their severity vary greatly in each child. There are three types that have been identified: Classic Autism, Asperger Syndrome, and Pervasive Developmental Disorders. The cause of autism is unknown. According to Lockwood (2013), “Childhood Autism Risk from Genetics and Environment (CHARGE) studied preschool children with autism and has shown the roles of prenatal vitamins in early pregnancy” (p.748). The findings predict that ASD might be prevented with the intake of folic …show more content…
Autistic children tend to be delayed in babbling, speaking, and learning to use gestures. By age three, most children are on a pathway to learning language. They begin early with babbling, until they are saying a word or two, point out to objects they want, and turn to you when their names are called. Children who coo and babble in the first few months of life, but develop autism tend to loose these communicative behaviors. Other children experience significant language delay and don’t begin to speak until much later. When therapy is applied especially as an early intervention, most children learn to use spoken language and communicate. Children who are nonverbal learn to use different communication systems such as sign language, pictures, electronic word processors or even speech generating devices (Autism Speaks, 2015). You can look into these things, depending on your child’s needs.
Leifer (2015) states “peer-related social behavior normally develops early in the preschool period, with symbolic play normally emerging by two years of age” (p.748). A child with ASD tends to have difficulty interacting with others, has flat facial expressions, avoids eye contact, dose not respond to name when called, and prefers to play alone. They may also have problems with sharing and showing their feelings. Since they have difficulty regulating emotions, their outbursts may be
Autism is the main form of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Autism is a developmental disorder that is manifested in problems with communication, impairment of social functioning, and repetitive behaviours. According to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V), ASD diagnoses must meet four different areas of criteria. There are three symptoms of "deficits in social communication and interaction across contexts," four symptoms of "restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests, or activities," "symptoms must be present in early childhood," and the symptoms must "together limit and impair everyday functioning" (Carpenter, 2013). There are many theoretical positions on the causes of autism spectrum disorders. Some of which have been discounted by empirical studies that have been researched and performed.
One with autism might not point at objects to show interest, avoid eye contact, children have a hard time learning to take turns sharing and appear to be unaware when people talk to them but responds to other’s sounds. Typical infants are very interested in the people around them.by their first birthday , a typical toddler interacts with others and using simple gestures such as waving “bye” and interest in social game but a young child with Autism might have a very hard time learning to interact with others(CDC). This means that an infant with autism has a very different social skills than a regular toddler, they prefer to play with their toys the same way every
Throughout their lives autistic children avoid eye contact and are unaware of other people’s feelings. They are unable to make friends and do not learn to play with other children. They often prefer social isolation.
According to the CDC, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an umbrella term that includes a group of developmental disabilities that can cause significant social, communication and behavioral challenges. It affects a significant number of individuals in the United States, with the prevalence continuing to grow (Frye, 2014). A significant proportion of individuals with ASD also experience medical conditions such as epilepsy. In fact, treatment resistant epilepsy appears to have a higher prevalence in children with ASD than in children without ASD (Frye 2014). Many children with ASD also appear to have underlying metabolic conditions, including disorders of vitamin metabolism. Biotin, a vitamin of the B complex, is composed of ureido ring fused with a tetrahydrothiophene ring and is involved in the regulation of metabolism amongst many other vital life functions. Biotinidase deficiency is caused by mutations in BTD gene (located on the short p arm of chromosome 3 at position 25), which results in a deficiency of the biotinidase enzyme, an enzyme that is needed to recycle biotin, an essential cofactor for several carboxylase enzymes (Frye, 2014). Symptoms include seizures, developmental delays, skin rash, alopecia, seborrheic dermatitis, feeding difficulties, vomiting, diarrhea, brain atrophy and ataxia. (Frye, 2014). The identification and treatment of biotin disorders could improve the underlying metabolic derangements and potentially improve behavior and seizure frequency
Once a child is born, the parents may ask questions such as what kind of child he or she will grow up to be. However, when the child is born with a disability, the line of questioning may change to how could this happen to my child or what do we do now? Receiving the news that one’s child has been diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may shatter a parent as their child and family’s life begins to change. These parents are now faced with many obstacles in trying to do what they feel will be best for their child. Now imagine having a child and you believe that he/she is not typically developing, but you never know what exactly is going on with them. This lack of diagnosis tends to occur within ASD when it comes to diagnosing
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has proved difficult to define because of its complicated set of classifications and characteristics. It is a neurological disorder that is often mistaken for a mental illness. Moreover, diagnosis is long, arduous and involves long hours of testing. Furthermore, insurance may deny coverage for the cost of testing or may cover only a fraction of the fee which leaves many on the spectrum without an official medical diagnosis.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive developmental disorder, which is characterized and diagnosed by social interaction and communication impairment and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior and language.1 It is a debilitating and life-long disorder that affects health, relationships, and learning of affected children.2 It describes a continuum of mixed characteristics on main impairments in social and communicative abilities together with the presence of repetitive behaviors.3 It affects an estimated 1 in 110 children with an increasing incidence.1 Treatments vary in their effectiveness for treating children with ASD. Studies on the gluten-free and/or casein-free (GFCF) dietary intervention, which eliminates all
“Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) formerly known as just Autism, is a disorder that affects about 1 in 68 children here in the United States.” (Facts about ASD) This is a pretty high prevalence and the number is continuing to rise. “Autism is a developmental disability that can cause significant impairments in behavioral, communication, and social aspects of everyday life.”(Facts about ASD). The intellectual functioning of individuals with ASD is among one of the biggest of all disabilities. The range can occur from moderate intellectual disabilities all the way up to super genius levels. However, most students function at average intelligence in all academic areas except for reading and math. The reason the name switch form Autism to ASD occurred is that now according to the DSM-V Asperger’s Syndrome and Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) are now disabilities that fall into the spectrum that is ASD. Diagnosis of Autism can be determined at age 2 with high reliability, but is not often discovered until the individual reaches school age and begins to fall behind their peers. It is critical that a parent goes and gets their child screened for developmental disabilities at the doctor at least every 9 months during their few first years of life, so that if they do have a disability early intervention strategies can be employed. ASD occurs in every racial and ethnic group,
Autism is known as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and it’s a neurological disorder that affects children at an early age, even at 2 years old. The misconceptions and controversies about the illness have caused a lot of backlash and hate towards the healthcare industry, especially doctors. Over the years, many people have believed and still currently think that vaccinations cause Autism. However, many tests and reports have been analyzed and studied through numerous scientists and they have concluded that this simply isn’t the case and vaccinations do not cause Autism. And this is extremely imperative for parents to understand the misconceptions about the illness and report to health professionals with any questions and concerns.
Autism or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that is characterized by impaired communication (verbal and non-verbal), social, and comprehensive skills. Distinct features of individuals diagnosed with ASD are repetitive or restricted behaviors, for example daily or patterned routines: others may experience symptoms of Asperger’s syndrome, which delays cognitive/speech development: or other conditions similarly related to Down’s syndrome. ASD is often utilized as an umbrella term to encompass a wide range of genetic conditions and mental disorders; as such no two individuals diagnosed with ASD are alike. Because of this, researchers, therapists, and medical practitioners are still puzzled by the mysteries of ASD; however, many infants and toddlers are now beginning to show signs of ASD and many more are being diagnosed on the autism spectrum. With this increase, many people are beginning to understand and educate themselves on the effects of ASD and also cope with the lifestyles of autistic peoples. However, even with the increase of autism awareness and advocacy, individuals with ASD are discriminated against because of many stereotypes and societal myths that surround the disorder. One of the main sources that distribute these false stereotypes and myths is the media. In truth, many popular movies, like Rain Man and Forrest Gump, portray characters that are affected by ASD in stereotypical ways that overshadow the true complications of ASD and the
Autism is known as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) this is a neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by reduced social interaction, verbal, and non-verbal communication and restricted and repetitive behavior. (Langone, 2002, p. 3). ASD can also be linked with many other symptoms such as intellectual disability, difficulties in motor coordination, attention, and physical health issues. Sleep and gastrointestinal disturbances, are known as the physical health issues (Langone, 2002, p. 4). Autism appears to develop and show signs in the early stages of the brain development, specifically between the ages of 2 and 3 years old.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is one of the most researched child disorders. It affects every 1 in 100 people, affecting 4 times the amount of boys than it does girls. ASD can be detected in children as early as 18 months and is a lifelong condition affecting the social and communitive interactions in child’s life. Autism affects every person differently and to a different degree of severity. The symptoms of Autism present differently in each case and differ in development. The understanding of the disorder has come a long way and research has allowed better knowledge to be attained. Through the use of DSM-5, ADI-R ADOS there have been systems developed in order to help diagnose ASD, and therefore help manage the symptoms
“Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is the name given to describe a wide range of behaviors amongst the autistic population. Children with autism are less able to interact with the world as other children do. Normally they have shortfalls in five key ranges: verbal, non-verbal correspondence, social mindfulness, and connections” (The New Talkers.com). This is one of the disorders that can either be recognized right away in a child, take a long time to diagnose, or might not even be noticeable; the lack of diagnosis can also become a negative issue in an autistic person’s life. Because this disorder is fairly common, and can be devastating should a child have ASD but remain undiagnosed, public schools should train their teachers and staff to recognize autism and its symptoms. There are many students that are being failed rather than receiving the help required to help these children succeed. Many in the general public as well are not informed of what autism is, and can be judgmental towards these kids without understanding why these kids act the way they do. Parents and specially teachers need to be educated about this disorder so that these children can grow up having a better future.
There is a wide variety of symptoms that children with autism tend to display. Social development is greatly different than the typical child. Early in life most infants love being social and affectionate. They find ways to interact and get attention from their environment by smiling, making eye contact, turning their head towards voices, and grasping at fingers (autismhelp.org). Most infants usually seek their parents for comfort, but in some autistic children, they lack the emotional attachment that is present in most children. Typical social interactions are an extremely difficult task (ninds.nih.gov). Most require the need to learn how to manage social interactions in order to function properly in a societal setting. Autistic children also lack a “theory of mind” which is described as being able to see something from the perspective of another person (autism-help.org). By age
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a condition that affects a group of complex disorders of brain development. Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by difficulties with social interactions, social communication and an unusually restricted range of behaviors and interest (David R. Simmons, 2009). It seems that autism is a new condition because most of research about this condition has occurred since the 1980. However, Autism has been around for a much longer time than that, people just didn’t know about it.