1 bp of DNA is approximately 0.34 nm in length. Abacterial chromosome is about 4 million bp in length. Thedimensions of the cytoplasm of a bacterium, such as E. coli, areroughly 0.5 μm wide and 1.0 μm long.A. A microdomain is a loop that contains about 10 kbp of DNA. Ifsuch a loop was stretched out linearly, how long (in micrometers)would the DNA be?B. If a bacterial microdomain was circular, what would be itsdiameter? (Note: Circumference = πD, where D is the diameter ofthe circle.)C. Is the diameter of the circular loop calculated in part B smallenough to fit inside a bacterium?

1 bp of DNA is approximately 0.34 nm in length. Abacterial chromosome is about 4 million bp in length. Thedimensions of the cytoplasm of a bacterium, such as E. coli, areroughly 0.5 μm wide and 1.0 μm long.A. A microdomain is a loop that contains about 10 kbp of DNA. Ifsuch a loop was stretched out linearly, how long (in micrometers)would the DNA be?B. If a bacterial microdomain was circular, what would be itsdiameter? (Note: Circumference = πD, where D is the diameter ofthe circle.)C. Is the diameter of the circular loop calculated in part B smallenough to fit inside a bacterium?

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter29: Transcription And The Regulation Of Gene Expression

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 19P: Figure 29.15 highlights in red the DNA phosphate oxygen atoms. Some of them interact with catabolite...

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The chromosome of the bacterium (prokaryote) Escherichia coli has a size of approximately 4,000 kilobases (kb) [one kilobase = 1,000 bases]. What length of DNA (B form) would be contained in it? How does this length compare to the average size and/or volume of this bacterium?
Total nucleic acids are extracted from a growing culture of yeast cells. They are then mixed with specialized beads to which the single-stranded DNA molecule with sequence 5’-TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT-3’ has been covalently attached to the surface (see image to the right, where each black line represents a polynucleotide sequence). After a short incubation time, the beads are removed from the mixture. When you analyze the cellular nucleic acids stuck to the beads, which type of nucleic acid (i.e. DNA, rRNA, etc.) do you expect to be the most abundant? Why?
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Given the following DNA sequence: 5’-ATGCGGCCAAGGTCAGAGTGACA-3’ a) If this DNA strand represents the “Sense Strand” of DNA, what would be the RNA sequence? b) If this DNA strand represents the “Antisense Strand” of DNA, what would be the RNA Sequence? c) What would be the other strand of DNA?
Figure 29.15 highlights in red the DNA phosphate oxygen atoms. Some of them interact with catabolite activator protein (CAP). What kind of interactions do you suppose predominate, and what kinds of CAP amino acid side chains might be involved in these interactions?
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The following is diagram of a generalized tetranucleotide. Carbons exist at corners on the shapes and phosphate groups are filled circles. A. Is this a DNA or an RNA Molecule? B. Where is the 3’ end of this tetranucleotide? C. Given that the DNA strand which served as a template for the synthesis of this tetranucleotide was composed of the bases 5’-ACAG-3’, where are the expected bases?
You perform an experiment to determine the complete melting profile of a relatively long DNA duplex with 80% G:C base pairs. Sketch a graph of Absorbance at 260 nm (Y-axis) vs. Temperature (X-axis). Label the location of the Tm and describe what is happening to the DNA structure in each segment of the graph (lower Temps, highest Temps, at Tm).
Results on the human genome indicate that the haploid human genome consists of 2.91 gigabase pairs ( base pairs). A typical human cell is duploid, meaning the cell contains two copies of the genome. If 27% of the bases in human DNA are A. Calculate the number of A, T, G, and C residues in a typical human cell.
In not more than 200 words, explain how the human genome of 3.4 Gb would be in 2.3 meters long when stretched linearly if this size is fit into a cell of minuscule proportions.
a) Estimate the lengths of each of the DNA fragments shown in this gel A:____________ B: ____________ C: ____________ D: ____________ E: ____________ F: ____________ b) Which letter represents the DNA fragment that is the smallest? c) Which DNA fragment is approximately the same length as the lengths of fragments D & C added together? Part 4. Putting It Together 1) Consider the diagram below as well as the given information. This diagram represents a piece of circular DNA which was cut in 4 separate reactions (4 different test tubes, each with some of this DNA in it). One digest was done with AvaI, another with ClaI, a third with EcoRV, and a fourth with ScaI. The locations of the recognition sequences for each restriction enzyme are shown along with the location of that site in bp along the circle (it goes clockwise from position 1). You run an agarose gel with a molecular weight marker in the first lane, the AvaI digest in lane 2, the ClaI digest in lane 3, the…
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