2.3 In an experiment the essential oils from herbs, were extracted with water. Explain how you will separate the oils from the water using liquid-liquid extraction. Discuss the procedure, equipment and extraction solvent choice.
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2.3 In an experiment the essential oils from herbs, were extracted with water. Explain how you will separate the oils from the water using liquid-liquid extraction. Discuss the procedure, equipment and extraction solvent choice.
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- Which of the following could DECREASE the amount of the recovered crystals in the purification by recrystallization experiment? Collecting the recrystallized benzoic acid by filtration using a pre-weighed filter paper. Using a long-stemmed funnel in the hot filtration step. Cooling the filtered solution rapidly. Washing the recovered crystals using hot solvent. a. II, III b. II, IV c. II, III, IV d. I, II, III, IVYou have an aqueous extract that has been dried and you are going to perform a liquid/liquid separation. You must use a mixture of two solvents: a. Which solvent mixture would you use? Available solvents: cyclohexane, chloroform, ethanol, methanol, hexane, acetone. b. What compounds would you expect to be in each phase?1. Why should the stopper always be removed from a separatory funnel whenever a liquid is being drained through the stopcock?2. The distribution coefficient, KD (ether/water), between ether and water for aspirin at room temperature is 3.5. What weight of aspirin would be extracted by a single extraction with 60 ml of water from a solution of 10 grams of aspirin in 100 ml of ether? Calculate the weight of aspirin which would be removed by three extractions with 20 ml portions of water.
- 1. In recrystallization, the goal is to obtain a purified material with maximum recovery? What are the effects of the operations below on purity and recovery? Explain briefly. a. In the solution step, an unnecessarily large volume of solvent is used. i. Effect on purity: ii. Effect on recovery: b. The crystals obtained are washed with cold solvent. I. Effect on purity: II. Effect on recovery: C. The crystals referred to in (b) are washed with hot solvent. I. Effect on purity: II. Effect on recovery:Based on the resulting chromatograms after visualization with iodine vapor, which between the solvent systems WHITE and MIX resulted in a more effective separation of the pigments of the indigo extract? Explain your answer in terms of the solvent that did not effectively separate the components of the root extract.A compound has a distribution coefficient of 11 for a system of ether and water. 5.0 g of this compound is dissolved in 20 mL of water and 20 mL of ether is used to extract it. How much of the compound will you recover in the ether? (in grams)
- Acetophenone is soluble in diethyl ether, isopropanol, and n-hexane. Identify and justify the most suitable solvent for UV-Vis characterization2 Suppose a particular extraction proceeds with a distribution coefficient of 7.5. The mixture consists of a certain amount of caffeine dissolved 100 mL of water a. How much caffeine was originally used when 0.31 g of the organic compound was dissolved in water and 150 mL ether was used as extraction solvent b. How much was dissolved in ether?What could have gone wrong in the separation and purification process to result in the disparity from the observed and expected yields? Select all that apply A) Both the benzoic acid and sand may have been wet before the student recorded the masses, hence the increase in expected masses. B) The student may have filtered the benzoic acid while cold. Hence the sand could have been contaminated with benzoic acid and resulted in a higher mass for sand. C) The sand may have dissolved in the hot water along with the benzoic acid, hence, the recorded mass for benzoic acid was more. D)The benzoic acid may have been cooled down too quickly on ice thereby allowing other soluble impurities to crystallize with benzoic acid causing the increase in the expected mass
- samples collected during distillation were kept in a fridge for a week before being analyzed by GC. Explain what would be different about the GC analysis results if they were kept out on a shelf in lab instead. Refer to each fraction collected.A student rushed through this experiment. Describe the effect that the following procedural changes would have on the percent recovery of acetanilide. Briefly explain the basis of each answer.(a) Rather than adding 0.5-mL portions of boiling solvent to the acetanilide, the student added 5-mL portions of boiling solvent.(b) The student did not pre-heat the gravity filtration apparatus.(c) The student forgot to cool 5 mL of solvent in Part 5 and washed the crystals with room-temperature solvent.Explain the working of fixed-bed carbon solvent recovery system.