33. How does E. coli distinguish between the old and new strand for mi o longer helicase: ir target at contro Loading ent in the tion, bui clamp c Sliding clamp the slid e is not y factor all inte hus, sl nes tha Su. How do human cells distinguish between the old and new strand for mismatch repair? 37. What are the steps of base excision repair? Where does the glycosylase cleave? 38. Why does the OxoG failsafe system lead to more ATeD CG than CGeDAT transversions? 39. What are the steps of nucleotide excision repair in bacteria? Why are the bacteriál proteins in this pathwar named "UV"ánd human proteins "XP"? 40. Which repair system is tightly coupled to transcription? Why is it important to repair damage sensed by RNA polymerase quickly? 41. What is translesion DNA synthesis and when is it used? Why is it a last resort? Does it repair SSDNA or dsDNA? 42. What are the steps of homologous recombination repair? Which proteins are involved in searching for homologous sequences and how do they function? NTHE 43. What are the steps of nonhomologous end joining? licati usly. sent i brok diffie of th 44. When is NHEJ used as a mechanism for DNA repair? Why is it a last resort? Does it repair SSDNA or dsE 45. Describe the general steps needed for a cell to become cancerous. Thi 46. How do mutations and chromosomal abnormalities affect proteins and lead to disease? 47. What role do cell cycle checkpoints have in cancer? 48. Define a tumor suppressor and oncogepe and give an example of each. 49. Define the role of ATM in the cell and cancer. Upon DNA damage, ATM decideş whether to activat NHEJ. Which is preferred and why? wnigh

QUESTION 41 As ATP binds to the myosin head at the beginning of a muscle contraction cycle, the myosin head immediately_. detaches from actin initiates a weak bond to actin develops tension swivels

QUESTION 46 The Sarcomere Thick filaments are primarily made of which protein? a. actin b. myosin c. troponin d. tropomyosin

Question 76 Veins all alternatives are correct O collect blood from capillaries and return it to the heart. O have thinner walls than arteries O measure a lower blood pressure than arteries Lecture S..pdf

QUESTION 12 The fibrous skeleton of the heart is important because it transmits electrical activity from the atria to the ventricles forces electrical activity to be conducted through the atrioventricular node helps guide the blood into the proper chambers in sequence directs the flow of blood into the arteries

question 16

Question 19 Write one or two sentences describing the Physics behind Heart attacks.