A p53 knockout mouse in which both copies of p53 are defectivehas been produced by researchers. This type of mouse appears normalat birth. However, it is highly sensitive to UV light. Based onyour knowledge of p53, explain the normal appearance at birth andthe high sensitivity to UV light.

Q: A research study indicated that an agent in cigarette smokecaused the silencing of a…

A: Covalent histone modification can lead to epigenetic changes. It is the covalent modification of a…

Q: Can you please help me by drawing a serie of schematic figures that demonstrates the information in…

A: Proteins undergo post-translational modifications to increase their functional diversity. The…

Q: Distinguish between proto-oncogenes and tumorsuppressor genes.

A: The proto-oncogenes are those genes, which promote cell cycle and inhibit apoptosis of the cells.…

Q: After DNA damage (e.g. caused by X-ray exposure) in eukaryotic cells, the cell cycle can be arrested…

A: The protein cyclin and CDK (cyclin-dependent protein kinase) act together to drive the process of…

Q: Can we identify general featurescommon to all cancer cells—such astheir production of misfolded,…

A: Cancer can be of different types depending upon the type of cells, organ affected, and stage. The…

Q: Why are some chromosomal regions amplified/deleted in a specific manner in certain tumor types?

A: Chromosomal amplification: Chromosomal amplification can be explained as the increase in the amount…

Q: Name four downstream effects of p53 activation.

A: Gene expression is usually accomplished through mRNA transcription and protein synthesis. p53 is a…

Q: How does the p53 tumor-suppressor protein control cell-cyclecheckpoints?

A: Cell cycle checkpoint controls play a major role in preventing the development of cancer . a cell…

Q: Describe three types of genetic changes that commonly convert aproto-oncogene to an oncogene.…

A: The genetic alteration results in the advantage in growth of the cell. The 3 genetic change…

Q: Activation of p53 during cellular stress will generally Select one: o a. Increase transcription of…

A: P553 is a tumor suppressor gene.

Q: Identify the two general functions of the proteins encoded bytumor-suppressor genes.

A: Gene is the unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offsprings. Proto-oncogenes are…

Q: Define about Several types of cellular stress events bring about rapidincreases in the nuclear…

A: The p53 is also known as the guardian of the genome. It is a tumor suppressor gene. The function of…

Q: What does a suppressor mutation suppress? What is the differencebetween an intragenic and an…

A: Mutation, an alteration in the genetic material of a cell of a living organism or of a virus that is…

Q: Describe the ATM-p53 repair pathway in normal cells and cancerous cells

A: Apoptosis is a genetically controlled mechanism of cell death, which is important for the…

Q: Why is it advantageous for p53 to be activated by factorssuch as ER stress, UV light, and hypoxia…

A: The p53 is known as tumor protein formed from the TP53 gene. The protein acts as a tumor suppressor…

Q: Describe how Ras and p53 can alter the simplified genetic pathway controlling cell division shown…

A: There are two general types of genes that play a fundamental role in cancer induction:…

Q: D. In mice, the Igf2 gene inherited from the mother is never expressed in her offspring? Explain.…

A: Determine: How lgt2 Gene inherited from mother never expressed in her offspring. What gene deleted…

Q: Some cancers are consistently associated with the deletion of a particularpart of a chromosome. Does…

A: Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that encode for proteins required for the promotion of cell cycle.…

Q: What protein does the P53 code for and why is it important?

A: Answer :- The TP53 quality gives guidelines to making a protein called growth protein p53 (or p53).…

Q: Distinguish between cis- and trans-epigenetic mechanismsthat maintain epigenetic changes.

A: Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression (active versus inactive genes) that…

Q: // Which CDK and cyclin does p53 ultimately target in DNA damaged conditions? O CDK1/cyclin E O…

A: CDK phosphorylate soecific target proteins. They required cyclin to be activate. CDK-cyclin…

Q: Let’s suppose a mutation removes the ICR next to the Igf2 gene. Ifthis mutation is inherited from…

A: Igf2 gene is the Insulin-like growth factor 2 resides on chromosome 11 and is a protein hormone.…

Q: Explain why p53 is mutated in the vast majority of human cancers.

A: Any isoform of a protein encoded by homologous genes in multiple animals, such as TP53 and Trp53, is…

Q: ''In the cellular regulatory pathways that controlcell growth and proliferation, the products of…

A: Cell regulation involves a complex mechanism of different cell signaling pathways that work in a…

Q: The P63 and P53 have similar functionalities in the cell, however, p53 is rarely associated directly…

A: Tumor protein 63 (p63) could also be a transcription factor of the p53 gene family encoded by the…

Q: Describe the steps by which the TP53 gene responds to DNA damage and/or cellular stress to promote…

A: It codes for a protein or a functional product rRNA (ribosomal RNA) or tRNA (transfer RNA). DNA is…

Q: xplain the molecular mechanisms of cancers caused by a P53 gene mutation.

A: cancer may be a disease during which a number of the body’s cells grow uncontrollably and spread to…

Q: What type of epigenetic changes are associated with cancer?

A: Epigenetic changes or modifications are important for maintenance of tissue specific gene…

Q: The p53 protein regulates the expression of BAX and Bcl2 to keep division at normal rate. Explain…

A: The p53 gene codes for p53 protein which regulates the expression of BAX and Bcl2 to keep cell…

Q: Explain whether a cancercausing mutation in a tumorsuppressor gene, such as p53,is more likely to be…

A: Tumor suppressor gene regulates a cell during the cell division and replication. If cells grows…

Q: How are tissue-specific transcription factors regulated? Identify three different ways

A: Transcription factors are the type of proteins that bind to the specific sites in the DNA and…

Q: Can restoring tumor suppressor function, such as mutant p53 or pRb, be used to cure cancer? If…

A: The Cell division is the process through which one cell divides into two identical daughter cells.…

Q: Thousands of caspase substrateshave been identified. Which onesare the critical proteins that mustbe…

A: Introduction Apoptosis is known as programmed cell death. Whenever there are any lethal chromosomal…

Q: Which of the following can lead to p53 stabilization and activation? O Hypoxia

A: P53 is a tumour suppressor gene that plays an important role in controlling cell division and cell…

Q: When the DNA of a human cell becomes damaged, the p53 geneis activated. What is the general function…

A: p53 gene: Tumor protein p53 gene also  p53 is a protein encoded by homologous genes in various…

Q: How does the normal p53 protein inhibit cancer development?

A: Tumor-suppressor genes code for proteins that repair damaged DNA (preventing a cell from turning…

Q: What evidence implicates mutagenic chemicals from the outside the body in carcinogenesis, and how…

A: Cancer is the product of a process involving complex interactions between environmental and…

Q: List the regulatory mechanisms that might be lost in a cell producing faulty p53.

A: The cell cycle is the series of events that lead to the formation of new cells from the parent…

Q: does P53 It integrate together information from over a hundred proteins about the mutational state…

A: A gene that makes a protein that is found inside the nucleus of cells and plays a key role in…

Q: Describe how p53 functions to arrest cells in G1 and G2 stages of the cell cycle to regulate the…

A: p53 protects mammals from neoplasia by inducing apoptosis, DNA repair and cell cycle arrest in…

Q: what are the normal funtions of the p53 gene

A: p53 gene is also called as tumour suppressor gene or Tp53 gene produces the protein called tumour…

Q: A research study indicated that an agent in cigarette smoke caused the silencing of the p53 gene,…

A: In an organism, almost all the changes that occur in gene expression that are epigenetic in nature…

Q: Why is it advantageous for p53 to be activated by factors such as ER stress, light, and hypoxia (low…

A: The p53 is known as tumor protein formed from the TP53 gene. The protein acts as a tumor suppressor…

Q: Can you think of two ways in which the function of p53 can be disrupted?

A: P53 is a tumor suppressor gene which normally restrains growth and mutation in this causes loss of…

Q: One major goal of modern cancer therapy is toidentify small molecules—anticancer drugs—that canbe…

A: Anticancer drugs are used against cancer. Chemotherapy drugs kill cancer cells by stopping them from…

Q: p53 Iis an impórtant tumor suppressor gene that is activated in response to a variety of stress…

A: The huge diversity in the genes implicated in tumorigenesis, the p53 transcription factor (encoded…

Q: From the list of answers (A-D) below, select the correct anwer(s). There may be more than one…

A: Epigenetic is the study of how your behavior and environment can cause changes that affect the way…

Q: In Metastatic Breast Cancer [such as in Breast Invasive Ductal Carcinoma; Breast Invasive Carcinoma,…

A: In Metastatic Breast Cancer [such as in Breast Invasive Ductal Carcinoma; Breast Invasive Carcinoma,…

Q: As the most junior member of a lab, you are tasked with generating cell lines that accumulate DNA…

A: If DNA damage occurs then the cell cycle will be arrested and the cell try to repair the damaged…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.