Complement is a cytokine that can self- activate to cause an innate immune response or complement can cause the activation of other cells like macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells.  True False

Q: Select the CORRECT alternatives about the complement system. The membrane attack complex is shaped…

A: The complement system is the immune system part and enhances the phagocytic cells and antibodies’…

Q: Why do immune complexes form only when an antigen is soluble?

A: The immune system of the body protects the individual from the attack of external pathogens. The…

Q: . What is the role of mast cells? Phagocytosis of foreign molecules Secrete histamine to mediate an…

A: Mast cells are one kind of white blood cell that helps to build an immune system inside a body. The…

Q: Damaged cells release a vasodilator substance called ________________________. Question 7 options:…

A: Our body has a specialized defense mechanism to fight the infections happening in the body. Our…

Q: n your own personal understanding, why are complements important in cellular and humoral mediated…

A: Cell-mediated immunity is where the body produces an immune response through activation of…

Q: Which of the following statements best characterizes interferons?

A: Answer ; Option (A) is right. - Interferons are a nonspecific defense used to respond to viruses. -…

Q: The complement system of defense is composed of proteins that are always present in the blood. Which…

A: The complement system is also known as complement cascade. It is a part of the immune system that…

Q: What is the first step in the antigen-antibody interaction? phagocytosis   agglutination…

A: The antigen-antibody interaction is one of the basic and fundamental mechanisms of host immunity. A…

Q: The type of cell which attacks its own body cells which are virally infected or cancerous is ___.…

A: Killer T cells.

Q: All of the following are true of some or all complement proteins except _____. a. they are soluble…

A: The complement system is part of the immune system which involves specialized proteins that aid the…

Q: Select the best answer or answers from the choices given: All of the following are considered innate…

A: Immune response is defined as the process through which the body's immune cells recognise invading…

Q: What is a PAMP an example of?     Dendritic cell Complement Antibody Antigen

A: Need to find the example of PAMP (Pathogen-associated molecular patterns)

Q: match the cell type with its secretion.…

A: Immunology is the branch of science which deals with the study of the immune system, immune response…

Q: Your dog has been diagnosed with disseminated blastomycosis (a disease caused by a fungal pathogen…

A: Blastomyces is fungal infection in dogs.

Q: Which cell type would likely be the first to attack a tumor even though it does not have specific…

A: To identify Which cell type would likely be the first to attack a tumor even though it does not have…

Q: Each is an effect of complement activation EXCEPT     interference with viral replication.…

A: The complement system is a course of serine proteases that is encoded by genes starting from similar…

Q: Compare and contrast humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Write three differences and two…

A: Immune system is present in the body for protecting the body against the foreign body such as pollen…

Q: Ingestion of complement-tagged pathogens by phagocytes is mediated by receptors for the bound…

A: INTRODUCTION The complement system, also known as complement cascade, is a part of the immune system…

Q: What are TLRS? How does this work to ensure to prevent pathogens to cause diseases? Where are the…

A: The innate immune system is the first line of protection in opposition to pathogens, which is…

Q: First and second line defenses display antigen-specificity. true or false

A: Immunity is a resistance of our body against the invading pathogenic agent. It is also considered as…

Q: Two of the major actions of complement are a. increased inflammatory response and cytolysis. b.…

A: The complement system gets activated when it comes in contact with the antibody molecule that is…

Q: Which of the following proteins downregulates the classical complement cascade by breaking up the C3…

A: The classical complement (CMP) pathway is considered as the method, which helps in the activation of…

Q: Immature B cells can drive strong adaptive immune responses by maturing into _______. Group of…

A: There is some information about B cells ; B cells are at the centre of the adaptive humoral immune…

Q: Which of the following is part of the second line of defense? a. Interferons b. Phagocytes c.…

A: The immune system shows immune response in three stages the first line of defence includes the…

Q: Neutrophils, dendrites, and macrophages are all second line defense cells that are capable of _____.…

A: The immunology is a branch of science that deals and studies the immune system of the body. The…

Q: During the inflammatory response, dilation of blood vessels is caused by nitric oxide. histamine.…

A: The inflammatory process or inflammation is an immune response that occurs as a result of tissue…

Q: A(n) _____ is an inactive form of an enzyme that frequently participates in a cascade of enzymatic…

A: An enzyme is a catalytic molecule that increases the rate of a reaction without getting used up in…

Q: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is a disease characterized by lysis of red blood cells, which…

A: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. It is a rare disease that is caused by a mutation in bone…

Q: Write TRUE is the statement is True, otherwise write FALSE and explain why the statement is False.…

A: The complement system involves a set of genes that distinguish foreign cells from body cells.…

Q: Describe these 2nd Line of Defenses Inflammation phagocytosis complement system fever Interferons

A: Immunity relates to the capability of the body to prevent infections from occurring. A pathogen is…

Q: Write T if the statement is correct; write F if the statement is not correct. CXCR3 is the receptor…

A: White blood cell (WBC) perform the immunological activities within our body and the total immune…

Q: Which of these does NOT describe complement? It is a type of antibody. It is an innate…

A: The cells and the organs of the immune system mainly function to protect the body from pathogenic…

Q: The classical complement pathway involves activation of the complement proteins in which of the…

A: Complement system is a cascade that assists the antibodies and phagocytes to clear off…

Q: Which of the following is more effective against bacteria than viruses? Type 1 Interferon Type 2…

A: Immunity is a complicated biological system with the ability to recognise and accept what belongs to…

Q: Which of the following are opsonins? Group of answer choices interleukins histamine oleic acid…

A: Opsonization Itvrefered to the capacity of the antibodies and the complement components to coat the…

Q: Part of the complement system of defense is opsonization. This process  Group of answer choices…

A: Opsonization can be defined as a molecular mechanism that aims to identify invading particles with…

Q: The goal of vaccinations is to trick the body into generating which types of cells that recognize…

A: Introduction :-Vaccines are the biological preparation that provides Immunity against a particular…

Q: Which of the following is the end product of the complement system?a. properdin b. cascade reaction…

A: The complement system helps antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens, it consists of a…

Q: *Passive immunity______. Group of answer choices requires exposure to an antigen may be obtained by…

A: There are two types of immunity 1.Active: where antibodies are produced by body 2.Passive:where…

Q: Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about Macrophages?     Macrophages have a single,…

A: Macrophages are the part of immune cells that are involved in the detection, phagocytosis and…

Q: Which of the following is INCORRECT? Select one: The route of antigen administration plays a role…

A: The route of administration affect sensitization. In immunization, intradermal, subcutaneous, and…

Q: The dead outer surface of skin (not mucous membranes) uses which of the following innate defenses to…

A: Skin Barrier One of the most important physical barriers is the skin barrier, which is composed of 3…

Q: What type of defense is occurring when mucin flows off the epithelium and carries pathogens with it?…

A: The immune system in our body is responsible for protecting us. The entire immune system is divided…

Q: Which of the following complement components are generated during the classical path and bind…

A: The complement includes a group of proteins that are synthesized by the liver.

Q: Innate Defense Briefly describe the role- of each in our innate defense system.. skin inflammation…

A: “Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three sub-parts for…

Q: What is a lymphocyte central to adaptive immunity that targets infected or cancerous body cells?

A: T cells belong to a group of white blood cells known as lymphocytes and play a central role in the…

Q: All of the following are true of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) EXCEPT: which option below is the…

A: Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are the heterogeneous group of immune cells which can process…

Q: The followings are functions of antibody eliminating unknown particles or cells which enter into the…

A: An antibody is also known by the name of immunoglobulin. It is a large Y shaped protein that is…

Q: Which of the following does not describe the outcome of complement activation? a. chemotaxis b.…

A: The complement system is a cascade that is a part of the immune system. The complement system…

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.