E30. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay can be used to study thebinding of proteins to a segment of DNA. In the experiment shownhere, an EMSA was used to examine the requirements for the bind-ing of RNA polymerase II (from eukaryotic cells) to the promoterof a protein-encoding gene. The assembly of general transcriptionfactors and RNA polymerase II at the core promoter is describedin Chapter 12 (Figure 12.14). In this experiment, the segment ofDNA containing a promoter sequence was 1100 bp in length. Thefragment was mixed with various combinations of proteins andthen subjected to an EMSA.Lane 1: No proteins addedLane 2: TFIDLane 3: TFIIBLane 4: RNA polymerase I|Lane 5: TFID + TFIIBLane 6: TFID + RNA1 24 5 6polymerase II|Lane 7: TFIID +TFIIB + RNApolymerase I|1100 bpExplain which proteins (TFIID, TFIIB, or RNA polymerase II) areable to bind to this DNA fragment by themselves. Which transcrip-tion factors (i.e., TFIID or TFIIB) are needed for the binding ofRNA polymerase II?3.

DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Answered: E30. An electrophoretic mobility shift…

Biology 2e

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ISBN:9781947172517

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Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter16: Gene Expression

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 14RQ: A scientist compares the promoter regions of two genes. Gene A’s core promoter plus proximal...

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An electrophoretic mobility shift assay can be used to study the bindingof proteins to a segment of DNA. In the results shown here, anelectrophoretic mobility shift assay was used to examine the requirementsfor the binding of RNA polymerase II (from eukaryotic cells)to the promoter of a protein-encoding gene. The assembly of generaltranscription factors and RNA polymerase II at the core promoteris described in Chapter 14 (Figure 14.14). In this experiment, thesegment of DNA containing a promoter sequence was 1100 bpin length. The fragment was mixed with various combinations ofproteinsand then subjected to an electrophoretic mobility shift assay.Explain which proteins (TFIID, TFIIB, or RNA polymerase II) areable to bind to this DNA fragment by themselves. Which transcriptionfactors (i.e., TFIID or TFIIB) are needed for the binding ofRNA polymerase II?
How does the 4 feature of transcription factors namely the structural motifs of DNA binding protein, activation domains, multiple transcription factors and enhancers help in the design of a building block tool. U can use the SrY gene as ur building block tool. Pls explain in details using those features of the transcription factors. In 400 words
Q1: As illustrated here, at what control point is transcription regulated? Q2: What is a possible advantage of regulating gene expression before transcription, versus after? Q3: If you wanted to up-regulate production of the hemagglutinin protein in a tobacco plant carrying the hemagglutinin gene, at which control point(s) would that be possible? Justify your reasoning.
pls answer every question, no need for explanation as to why 1. In eukaryotic gene regulation, transcription is regulated by the following EXCEPT a. the binding of a repressor to a promoter.b. the binding of an activator to a promoter.c. the binding of a repressor to an enhancer gene.d. the binding of an activator to an enhancer gene. 2. The following regulatory mechanisms occur before eukaryotic transcription EXCEPT a. the formation of the transcription factor complex. b. the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factors. c. the regulation of nuclear localization of transcription factors. d. the alteration of the DNA-binding domain of the transcription factor. 3. Gene expression may be regulated after translation using the following mechanisms EXCEPT a. by protein phosphorylation. b. by differential splicing. c. by microRNA binding. d. by ubiquitination. 4. If nutritional requirements are not met, gene expression will most likely be…
The a/a operon is an inducible operon that controls the production of the sugar arabinose. When arabinose is present in a bacterium it binds to the protein AraC, and the complex binds to the initiator site to promote transcription. In this scenario, AraC is a(n). activator inducer repressor operator
A scientist compares the promoter regions of two genes. Gene A’s core promoter plus proximal promoter elements encompasses 70bp. Gene B’s core promoter plus proximal promoter elements encompasses 250bp. Which of the scientist’s hypotheses is most likely to be correct? More transcripts will be made from Gene B Transcription of Gene A involves fewer transcription factors Enhancers control Gene B’s transcription Transcription of Gene A is more controlled than transcription of Gene B.
Substrate Binding by RNA Polymerase RNA polymerase has t binding sites for ribonucleoside triphosphates: the initiation site and the elongation site. The initiation site has a greater Km for NTPs than the elongation site. Suggest what possible significance this fact might have for the control of transcription in cells.
INTERPRET DATA Develop a simple hypothesis that would explain the behavior of each of the following types of mutants in E. coli. Mutant a: The map position of this mutation is in the trp operon. The mutant cells are constitutive; that is, they produce all the enzymes coded for by the trp operon, even if large amounts of tryptophan are present in the growth medium. Mutant b: The map position of this mutation is in the trp operon. The mutant cells do not produce any enzymes coded for by the trp operon under any conditions. Mutant c: The map position of this mutation is some distance from the trp operon. The mutant cells are constitutive; that is, they produce all the enzymes coded for by the trp operon, even if the growth medium contains large amounts of tryptophan.
Explain how HOTAIR plays a role in the transcriptional regulationof particular genes.
Cancer cells were characterized for their high transcriptional and translational levels. Direct modification for the gene of interests during transcription could be complicated and troublesome. Moreover, simply knocked down a certain gene could stimulate other compensating pathways. Fortunately, there are many controls for gene transcription. Modifying on these controls mechanisms could be easier and more effective compared to changing the gene of interests directly. If you are working in a biotech company, please suggest three possible sites/targets to modify in order to decrease a certain gene transcriptional level in cancer cell.
73Dicer catalyzes Sequence-dependent single-stranded RNA cleavage. Yesorno 74Amino acid-coding regions within eukaryotic genes may be interrupted by ___________ regions. A.noncodingb.long terminal repeatc.split geneD.enhancer 75Which of the following cleaves the N-terminal methionine from polypeptides?A.Methionine isomeraseb.Methionine aminopeptidasec.Methionine carboxylaseD.Methionine transferase
Q. Promoters and enhancers are important regulatory sequences for many eukaryotic protein-coding genes. Which of the following characteristics do these different sequences have in common? Understood by the cell as double-stranded DNA. Mutations in their sequence may result in increased gene expression. Contain binding sites for proteins. Must be upstream of the gene they influence. A. 1,2 and 3 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 4 only E. All of 1,2,3 and 4 are correct

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