Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 14RQ
A scientist compares the promoter regions of two genes. Gene A’s core promoter plus proximal promoter elements encompasses 70bp. Gene B’s core promoter plus proximal promoter elements encompasses 250bp. Which of the scientist’s hypotheses is most likely to be correct?
- More transcripts will be made from Gene B
- Transcription of Gene A involves fewer transcription factors
- Enhancers control Gene B’s transcription
- Transcription of Gene A is more controlled than transcription of Gene B.
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Students have asked these similar questions
For each statement about gene expression mechanisms, choose the correct end to the sentence.
For each gene, the template strand for transcription is determined by….
The direction of translation is determined by……
The tissue-specificity of protein production is determined by….
choices:
a. location of the start codon
b. location of the promoter
c. direction of polymerization by RNA polymerase
d. none of these
e. direction of movement of ribosomes
f. overall orientation of the chromosome
Is each of the following statements true or false?
A. An enhancer is a type of regulatory element.
B. A core promoter is a type of regulatory element.
C. Regulatory transcription factors bind to regulatory elements.
D. An enhancer may cause the down regulation of transcription.
You have isolated a protein that binds to DNA in the region upstream of the promoter sequence of a gene sys. If this protein is a positive regulator, which of the following would be true (multiple selection possible)?
Loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding the DNA-binding protein would cause constitutive expression of sys.
Loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding the DNA-binding protein would result in little or no expression of sys.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 16 - Figure 16.5 In E. coli, the tip operon is on by...Ch. 16 - Figure 16.7 In females, one of the two X...Ch. 16 - Figure 16.13 An increase in phosphorylation levels...Ch. 16 - Control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells...Ch. 16 - Post-translational control refers to: regulation...Ch. 16 - How does the regulation of gene expression support...Ch. 16 - If glucose is absent, but so is lactose, the lac...Ch. 16 - Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus. Therefore, the...Ch. 16 - The a/a operon is an inducible operon that...Ch. 16 - What are epigenetic modifications? the addition of...
Ch. 16 - Which of the following are true of epigenetic...Ch. 16 - The binding of _____ is required for transcription...Ch. 16 - What will result from the binding of a...Ch. 16 - A scientist compares the promoter regions of two...Ch. 16 - Which of the following are involved in post...Ch. 16 - Binding of an RNA binding protein will the...Ch. 16 - An unprocessed pre-mRNA has the following...Ch. 16 - IS. Alternative splicing has been estimated to...Ch. 16 - Post-translational modifications of proteins can...Ch. 16 - A scientist mutates elF-2 to eliminate its GTP...Ch. 16 - Cancer causing genes are called transformation...Ch. 16 - Targeted therapies are used in patients with a set...Ch. 16 - Name two differences between prokaryotic and...Ch. 16 - Describe how controlling gene expression will...Ch. 16 - Describe how transcription in prokaryotic cells...Ch. 16 - What is the difference between a repressible and...Ch. 16 - In cancer cells, alteration to epigenetic...Ch. 16 - A scientific study demonstrated that rat mothering...Ch. 16 - Some autoimmune diseases show a positive...Ch. 16 - A mutation within the promoter region can alter...Ch. 16 - What could happen if a cell had too much of an...Ch. 16 - A scientist identifies a potential transcription...Ch. 16 - Describe how RBPs can prevent miRNAs from...Ch. 16 - How can external stimuli alter...Ch. 16 - Protein modification can alter gene expression in...Ch. 16 - Alternative forms of a protein can be beneficial...Ch. 16 - Changes in epigenetic modifications alter the...Ch. 16 - A scientist discovers a virus encoding a Protein X...Ch. 16 - New drugs are being developed that decrease DNA...Ch. 16 - How can understanding the gene expression pattern...
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- Regarding transcriptional promoter sites, which of the following statements are true? Select one or more than one: a)They are located in the gene (DNA) whose information will be transcribed b)They are found at the 3 'end of the gene that will be transcribed c)Some of them are called 'TATA box' d)They are found in the DNA, 'upstream' of the gene to be transcribed. e)They are proteins of the cytoplasmarrow_forwardWhich of the following parts of the eukaryotic promoter are bound by general transcription factors? Group of answer choices A promoter proximal elements B enhancer elements C specific promoter elements D the core promoter E the distal promoterarrow_forwardWhich of the following DNA elements or proteins would you expect to find only in some cells in a organism? A. The enhancer for gene Y B. The transcription factor that activates gene Y C. A general transcription factor protein D. A and B E. The promoter for gene Yarrow_forward
- A disease is caused by having no functional protein produced from the kip gene. An individual has this disease but has no mutation in the kip gene. You look at other gene candidates that could result in no functional kip protein. A gene called D5 codes for a methyltransferase that methylates the kip promoter region. A gene called T3 codes for an acetylase that acetylates the histones in the region of the kip gene. Fill in the following blanks. In the situation described above, in which no kip protein is made, it is likely that the D5 gene has a mutation that ___________ the D5 protein or that the T3 gene has a mutation that ___________the T3 protein. Blanks can either be deactivates or activatesarrow_forwardWhich of the following processes is required for the initiation of transcription in bacteria? Select one: a. binding of sigma to the promoter region b. formation of a peptide bond in the elongating polypeptide chain c. formation of a phosphodiester bond in the elongating RNA strand d. binding of DNA polymerase to the promoter regionarrow_forwardYou are studying a new gene that is expressed within the adipose tissue of humans during the development of diabetes. Specifically, you want to learn why gene expression levels are very high in those people who develop diabetes. What DNA sequence would you concentrate on? Group of answer choices A specific response elements B the TATA box C enhancer sequences D promoter proximal elements E metal response elementsarrow_forward
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- What is the difference between the core promoter and the regulatory promoter? a. Only the core promoter has consensus sequences. b. The regulatory promoter is farther upstream of the gene. c. General transcription factors bind to the core promoter; transcriptional activator proteins bind to the regulatory promoter. d. Both b and c.arrow_forwardA bacterial species has a hypothetical sigma promoter that has the following sequence: TTGGCA - 18 bases - TATAAT What change in the level of transcription would there be if the sequence was mutated to: TTCGCA -18 bases -TATAAT 1.The mutation would move the promoter away from consensus and reduce the level of transcription 2.No change the consensus TATAAT sequence in the same. 3.The mutation would bind the promoter to the consensus and produce normal levels of transcription 4.The mutation would inhibit the promoter thereby inhibiting transcriptionarrow_forwardWhich of the following is the best description of a transcription factor? A. A protein that brings the correct nucleotides to RNA polymerase B. A protein that binds to specific DNA sequences C. A DNA sequence that binds to RNA polymerase D. A modification that is made to mRNA to help it be exported from the nucleus. .arrow_forward
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