The article "Oxidation State and Activities of Chromium Oxides in Cao-SiO,-CrO, SlagSystem" (Y. Xiao, L. Holappa, and M. Reuter, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2002:595-603) presents the amount x (in mole percent) and activity coefficient y of CrO,5for several specimens. The data, extracted from a larger table, are presented in the followingtable.хУ2.610.205.0319.98.840.86.625.32.8920.32.3139.47.135.83.4029.45.572.27.235.52.1233.11.6744.25.3313.116.700.69.752.22.7416.92.5835.51.5048.0Compute the least-squares line for predicting y from x.b. Plot the residuals versus the fitted values.Compute the least-squares line for predicting y from 1/x.d. Plot the residuals versus the fitted values.C.Using the better fitting line, find a 95% confidence interval for the mean value of ywhen x= 5.0.

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MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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The article “Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Groundwater in a Mid-Western CoastalAquifer System” (S. Jeen, J. Kim, et al., Geosciences Journal, 2001:339–348) presentsmeasurements of various properties of shallow groundwater in a certain aquifer system inKorea. Following are measurements of electrical conductivity (in microsiemens percentimeter) for 23 water samples.2099 528 2030 1350 1018 384 14991265 375 424 789 810 522 513488 200 215 486 257 557 260461 500Find the mean.Find the standard deviation.Find the median.Construct a dotplot.Find the 10% trimmed mean.Find the first quartile.Find the third quartile.Find the interquartile range.Construct a boxplot.Which of the points, if any, are outliers?If a histogram were constructed, would it be skewed to the left, skewed to the right, orapproximately symmetric?
In the article “Groundwater Electromagnetic Imaging in Complex Geological and Topographical Regions: A Case Study of a Tectonic Boundary in the French Alps” (S. Houtot, P. Tarits, et al., Geophysics, 2002:1048–1060), the pH was measured for several water samples in various locations near Gittaz Lake in the French Alps. The results for 11 locations on the northern side of the lake and for 6 locations on the southern side are as follows: Northern side: 8.1 8.2 8.1 8.2 8.2 7.4 7.3 7.4 8.1 8.1 7.9 Southern side: 7.8 8.2 7.9 7.9 8.1 8.1 Find a 98% confidence interval for the difference in pH between the northern and southern side.
An article reported data from a study in which both a baseline gasoline mixture and a reformulated gasoline were used. Consider the following observations on age (yr) and NOx emissions (g/kWh): Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Age 0 0 2 11 7 16 9 0 12 4 Baseline 1.74 4.38 4.04 1.23 5.30 0.58 3.35 3.44 0.73 1.23 Reformulated 1.85 5.93 5.52 2.67 6.54 0.76 4.94 4.87 0.69 1.39 Construct scatter plots of the baseline NOx emissions versus age. Construct scatter plots of the reformulated NOx emissions versus age. What appears to be the nature of the relationship between these two variables? As age increases, emissions also increase.As age increases, emissions decrease. There is no compelling relationship between the data.
An article reported data from a study in which both a baseline gasoline mixture and a reformulated gasoline were used. Consider the following observations on age (yr) and NOx emissions (g/kWh): Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Age 0 0 2 11 7 16 9 0 12 4 Baseline 1.70 4.38 4.06 1.24 5.29 0.59 3.35 3.45 0.73 1.22 Reformulated 1.86 5.91 5.51 2.70 6.50 0.71 4.95 4.86 0.72 1.41 Construct scatter plots of the baseline NOx emissions versus age. What appears to be the nature of the relationship between these two variables? There is no compelling relationship between the data. As age increases, emissions also increase. As age increases, emissions decrease.
The article “Withdrawal Strength of Threaded Nails” (D. Rammer, S. Winistorfer, and D. Bender, Journal of Structural Engineering 2001:442–449) describes an experiment comparing the ultimate withdrawal strengths (in N/mm) for several types of nails. For an annularly threaded nail with shank diameter 3.76 mm driven into spruce-pine-fir lumber, the ultimate withdrawal strength was modeled as lognormal with μ = 3.82 and σ = 0.219. For a helically threaded nail under the same conditions, the strength was modeled as lognormal with μ = 3.47 and σ = 0.272. a) What is the mean withdrawal strength for annularly threaded nails? b) What is the mean withdrawal strength for helically threaded nails? c) For which type of nail is it more probable that the withdrawal strength will be greater than 50 N/mm? d) What is the probability that a helically threaded nail will have a greater withdrawal strength than the median for annularly threaded nails? e) An experiment is performed in which withdrawal…
A study was conducted to examine if children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) had higher prenatal exposure to air pollution, specifically particulate matter < 2.5 g in diameter (PM2.5). Researchers obtained birth records of all children born in Los Angeles between 2000 and 2008 and linked these to the Department of Developmental Services records to determine if any of those subjects had been diagnosed with ASD or not. They used the birth addresses given in the birth records to determine the average daily PM2.5 for the third trimester for each child. The standard deviation for PM2.5 among ASD subjects was found to be 34.6 and for non-ASD subjects was 16.8. Assume PM2.5 is normally distributed. 4a. What was the study design? * Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) * Case Report * Nested Case-Control Study * Case-Control Study * cross-sectional study Cohort Study 4B. What are the null and alternative hypotheses? 4c. What type of statistical test would you use to analyze the…
The Turbine Oil Oxidation Test (TOST) and the Rotating Bomb Oxidation Test (RBOT) are two different procedures for evaluating the oxidation stability of steam turbine oils. An article reported the accompanying observations on x = TOST time (hr) and y = RBOT time (min) for 12 oil specimens. TOST 4200 3600 3750 3650 4050 2770 RBOT 370 345 375 315 350 205 TOST 4870 4525 3450 2700 3750 3325 RBOT 400 380 285 220 345 290 (a) Calculate the value of the sample correlation coefficient. (Round your answer to four decimal places.) r = Carry out a test of hypotheses to decide whether RBOT Time and TOST time are linearly related. (Use ? = 0.05.) Calculate the test statistic and determine the P-value. (Round your test statistic to two decimal places and your P-value to three decimal places.) t = P-value =
Consider the following data on 20 chemical reactions, with Y = chromatographic retention time (seconds) and X = molecular weight (gm/mole). Retention Time and Molecular Weight (n = 20) Name RetentionTime Molecular Weight alpha-pinene 234.50 136.24 cyclopentene 95.27 68.12 p-diethyl benzene 284.00 134.22 decane 250.60 142.29 toluene 174.00 92.14 benzene 135.70 78.11 2-methyl pentane 97.24 86.18 2,3 dimethylbutane 100.70 86.18 1,7-octadiene 172.20 110.20 1,2,4-trimethyl benzene 262.70 120.19 2,3,4-trimethyl pentane 160.98 114.23 ethylcyclohexane 195.07 112.22 limonene 271.50 136.24 methyl cyclohexane 153.57 98.19 m-diethyl benzene 281.50 134.22 2,3-dimethyl pentane 131.83 100.20 2,2-dimethyl butane 89.34 86.18 pentane 78.00 72.15 isooctane 136.90 114.23 hexane 106.00 86.18…
Here is a dataset containing plant growth measurements of plants grown in solutions of commonly-found chemicals in roadway runoff.Phragmites australis, a fast-growing non-native grass common to roadsides and disturbed wetlands of Tidewater Virginia, was grown in a greenhouse and watered with either: Distilled water (control); A weak petroleum solution (representing standard roadway runoff); Sodium chloride solution; Magnesium chloride solution; De-icing brine (50% sodium chloride and 50% magnesium chloride).Twenty grass preparations were used for each solution, and total growth (in cm) was recorded after watering every other day for 40 days.-Perform the correct statistical test to determine the p-value.-Report your answer rounded to four decimal places.-You should use formulas, functions, and the Data Analysis ToolPak in MS Excel to avoid additive rounding errors. Here are some useful functions: =t.test(array1,array2,tails,type) Produces a p-value for any…
The article “Effect of Varying Solids Concentration and Organic Loading on the Performance of Temperature Phased Anaerobic Digestion Process” (S. Vandenburgh and T. Ellis, Water Environment Research, 2002:142–148) discusses experiments to determine the effect of the solids concentration on the performance of treatment methods for wastewater sludge. In the first experiment, the concentration of solids (in g/L) was 43.94 ± 1.18. In the second experiment, which was independent of the first, the concentration was 48.66 ± 1.76. Estimate the difference in the concentration between the two experiments, and find the uncertainty in the estimate.
The article in the ASCE Journal of Energy Engineering (1999, Vol. 125, pp.59-75) describes a study of the thermal inertia properties of autoclaved aerated concrete used as a building material. Five samples of the material were tested in a structure, and the average interior temperatures (°C) reported were as follows: 23.01, 22.22, 22.04, 22.62, and 22.59. Test that the average interior temperature is equal to 22.5°C using alpha (a) = 0.05. This problem is a test on what population parameter? What is the null and alternative hypothesis? What are the Significance level and type of test? What standardized test statistic will be used? What is the standard test statistic? What is the Statistical Decision? What is the statistical decision in the statement form?
A paper investigated the driving behavior of teenagers by observing their vehicles as they left a high school parking lot and then again at a site approximately 1 2 mile from the school. Assume that it is reasonable to regard the teen drivers in this study as representative of the population of teen drivers. Amount by Which Speed Limit Was Exceeded MaleDriver FemaleDriver 1.3 -0.1 1.3 0.4 0.9 1.1 2.1 0.7 0.7 1.1 1.3 1.2 3 0.1 1.3 0.9 0.6 0.5 2.1 0.5 (a) Use a .01 level of significance for any hypothesis tests. Data consistent with summary quantities appearing in the paper are given in the table. The measurements represent the difference between the observed vehicle speed and the posted speed limit (in miles per hour) for a sample of male teenage drivers and a sample of female teenage drivers. (Use μmales − μfemales.Round your test statistic to two decimal places. Round your degrees of freedom down to the nearest whole number. Round your p-value to…

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