7 Which of the following is descriptive of rent-seeking?O A domestic company hires a lobbyist to go to Washington, D.C. and try toinfluence legislators to impose tariffs on Brazilian (imported) goods thatcompete with the good it produces.O Company X hires an accountant to work for it.Jill pays her apartment rent a few days late each month and usually ends uphaving to pay a late fee.This year Bob earned a large profit from the small business he owns andoperates.b and d

The concept of rent seeking is identified when any company intends to achieve higher profitability…

Answered: Which of the following is descriptive…

Practical Management Science

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337406659

Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.

Publisher:WINSTON, Wayne L.

Chapter8: Evolutionary Solver: An Alternative Optimization Procedure

Section8.3: Introduction To Evolutionary Solver

Problem 1P

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The model in Example 9.3 has only two market outcomes, good and bad, and two corresponding predictions, good and bad. Modify the decision tree by allowing three outcomes and three predictions: good, fair, and bad. You can change the inputs to the model (monetary values and probabilities) in any reasonable way you like. Then you will also have to modify the Bayes rule calculations. You can decide whether it is easier to modify the existing tree or start from scratch with a new tree.
The eTech Company is a fairly recent entry in the electronic device area. The company competes with Apple. Samsung, and other well-known companies in the manufacturing and sales of personal handheld devices. Although eTech recognizes that it is a niche player and will likely remain so in the foreseeable future, it is trying to increase its current small market share in this huge competitive market. Jim Simons, VP of Production, and Catherine Dolans, VP of Marketing, have been discussing the possible addition of a new product to the companys current (rather limited) product line. The tentative name for this new product is ePlayerX. Jim and Catherine agree that the ePlayerX, which will feature a sleeker design and more memory, is necessary to compete successfully with the big boys, but they are also worried that the ePlayerX could cannibalize sales of their existing productsand that it could even detract from their bottom line. They must eventually decide how much to spend to develop and manufacture the ePlayerX and how aggressively to market it. Depending on these decisions, they must forecast demand for the ePlayerX, as well as sales for their existing products. They also realize that Apple. Samsung, and the other big players are not standing still. These competitors could introduce their own new products, which could have very negative effects on demand for the ePlayerX. The expected timeline for the ePlayerX is that development will take no more than a year to complete and that the product will be introduced in the market a year from now. Jim and Catherine are aware that there are lots of decisions to make and lots of uncertainties involved, but they need to start somewhere. To this end. Jim and Catherine have decided to base their decisions on a planning horizon of four years, including the development year. They realize that the personal handheld device market is very fluid, with updates to existing products occurring almost continuously. However, they believe they can include such considerations into their cost, revenue, and demand estimates, and that a four-year planning horizon makes sense. In addition, they have identified the following problem parameters. (In this first pass, all distinctions are binary: low-end or high-end, small-effect or large-effect, and so on.) In the absence of cannibalization, the sales of existing eTech products are expected to produce year I net revenues of 10 million, and the forecast of the annual increase in net revenues is 2%. The ePIayerX will be developed as either a low-end or a high-end product, with corresponding fixed development costs (1.5 million or 2.5 million), variable manufacturing costs ( 100 or 200). and selling prices (150 or 300). The fixed development cost is incurred now, at the beginning of year I, and the variable cost and selling price are assumed to remain constant throughout the planning horizon. The new product will be marketed either mildly aggressively or very aggressively, with corresponding costs. The costs of a mildly aggressive marketing campaign are 1.5 million in year 1 and 0.5 million annually in years 2 to 4. For a very aggressive campaign, these costs increase to 3.5 million and 1.5 million, respectively. (These marketing costs are not part of the variable cost mentioned in the previous bullet; they are separate.) Depending on whether the ePlayerX is a low-end or high-end produce the level of the ePlayerXs cannibalization rate of existing eTech products will be either low (10%) or high (20%). Each cannibalization rate affects only sales of existing products in years 2 to 4, not year I sales. For example, if the cannibalization rate is 10%, then sales of existing products in each of years 2 to 4 will be 10% below their projected values without cannibalization. A base case forecast of demand for the ePlayerX is that in its first year on the market, year 2, demand will be for 100,000 units, and then demand will increase by 5% annually in years 3 and 4. This base forecast is based on a low-end version of the ePlayerX and mildly aggressive marketing. It will be adjusted for a high-end will product, aggressive marketing, and competitor behavior. The adjustments with no competing product appear in Table 2.3. The adjustments with a competing product appear in Table 2.4. Each adjustment is to demand for the ePlayerX in each of years 2 to 4. For example, if the adjustment is 10%, then demand in each of years 2 to 4 will be 10% lower than it would have been in the base case. Demand and units sold are the samethat is, eTech will produce exactly what its customers demand so that no inventory or backorders will occur. Table 2.3 Demand Adjustments When No Competing Product Is Introduced Table 2.4 Demand Adjustments When a Competing Product Is Introduced Because Jim and Catherine are approaching the day when they will be sharing their plans with other company executives, they have asked you to prepare an Excel spreadsheet model that will answer the many what-if questions they expect to be asked. Specifically, they have asked you to do the following: You should enter all of the given data in an inputs section with clear labeling and appropriate number formatting. If you believe that any explanations are required, you can enter them in text boxes or cell comments. In this section and in the rest of the model, all monetary values (other than the variable cost and the selling price) should be expressed in millions of dollars, and all demands for the ePlayerX should be expressed in thousands of units. You should have a scenario section that contains a 0/1 variable for each of the binary options discussed here. For example, one of these should be 0 if the low-end product is chosen and it should be 1 if the high-end product is chosen. You should have a parameters section that contains the values of the various parameters listed in the case, depending on the values of the 0/1 variables in the previous bullet For example, the fixed development cost will be 1.5 million or 2.5 million depending on whether the 0/1 variable in the previous bullet is 0 or 1, and this can be calculated with a simple IF formula. You can decide how to implement the IF logic for the various parameters. You should have a cash flows section that calculates the annual cash flows for the four-year period. These cash flows include the net revenues from existing products, the marketing costs for ePlayerX, and the net revenues for sales of ePlayerX (To calculate these latter values, it will help to have a row for annual units sold of ePlayerX.) The cash flows should also include depreciation on the fixed development cost, calculated on a straight-line four-year basis (that is. 25% of the cost in each of the four years). Then, these annual revenues/costs should be summed for each year to get net cash flow before taxes, taxes should be calculated using a 32% tax rate, and taxes should be subtracted and depreciation should be added back in to get net cash flows after taxes. (The point is that depreciation is first subtracted, because it is not taxed, but then it is added back in after taxes have been calculated.) You should calculate the company's NPV for the four-year horizon using a discount rate of 10%. You can assume that the fixed development cost is incurred now. so that it is not discounted, and that all other costs and revenues are incurred at the ends of the respective years. You should accompany all of this with a line chart with three series: annual net revenues from existing products; annual marketing costs for ePlayerX; and annual net revenues from sales of ePlayerX. Once all of this is completed. Jim and Catherine will have a powerful tool for presentation purposes. By adjusting the 0/1 scenario variables, their audience will be able to see immediately, both numerically and graphically, the financial consequences of various scenarios.
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the EMH form? Select one: None of the answers are correct If the market is weak-form efficient, then it is also semistrong and strong-form efficient. If the market is semistrong form efficient, then it is also strong form efficient If a market is strong-form efficient, it is also semistrong and weak form efficient If the market is strong-form efficient, it is also semistrong but not weak-form efficient
I need help with everything, please. Formulate the problem and submit formulation - no need to solve. 1. An investment advisor at Shore Financial Services wants to develop a model that can be used to allocate investment funds among four alternatives: stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and cash. For the coming investment period, the company developed estimates of the annual rate of return and the associated risk for each alternative. Risk is measured using an index between 0 and 1, with higher risk values denoting more volatility and thus more uncertainty. Because cash is held in a money market fund, the annual return is lower, but it carries essentially no risk. The objective is to determine the portion of funds allocated to each investment alternative in order to maximize the total annual return for the portfolio subject to the risk level the client is willing to tolerate. Total risk is the sum of the risk for all investment alternatives. For instance, if 40% of a client’s funds are…
Which of the following best describes a complexity surrounding the Medicaid program? Group of answer choices A)When the Medicaid program only covers the poor, and not those considered near-poor, it can contribute to the poverty trap. B)The federal government might not administer the program equitably, in terms of benefits and determining eligibility. C)Medicaid eligibility requires that welfare recipients work and limits the length of time they can receive Medicaid assistance. D)Out of total Medicaid spending, over half of the funds go to children, rather than those with higher medical needs, such as seniors, the blind, and the disabled.
Robert is the owner of an automobile manufacturing company. He calls for a board meeting and tells his directors that he wants to build a car that lets the users experience power and exhilaration. He tells them that the car must allow his users to soar from 0-60 mph in about 4 seconds, with high quality leather interior and Bose sound systems. He also adds in that the price of the car must be affordable enough for anybody making a moderately high salary and desires to have a luxury car with a sporty feel. In addition to selling to consumers, Robert works with a team of sales agents who focus exclusively on Hertz, Avis and Enterprise car rental companies. To help agents perform more efficiently while in the field, Robert has equipped the sales agents with handheld devices with barcode readers and Internet connections to speed up inventory assessment needs of each client and accurately track current sales. Staying on the cutting edge is a key point of differentiation for Robert's…
Robert is the owner of an automobile manufacturing company. He calls for a board meeting and tells his directors that he wants to build a car that lets the users experience power and exhilaration. He tells them that the car must allow his users to soar from 0-60 mph in about 4 seconds, with high quality leather interior and Bose sound systems. He also adds in that the price of the car must be affordable enough for anybody making a moderately high salary and desires to have a luxury car with a sporty feel. In addition to selling to consumers, Robert works with a team of sales agents who focus exclusively on Hertz, Avis and Enterprise car rental companies. To help agents perform more efficiently while in the field, Robert has equipped the sales agents with handheld devices with barcode readers and Internet connections to speed up inventory assessment needs of each client and accurately track current sales. Staying on the cutting edge is a key point of differentiation for Robert's…
According to a story in the Huffington Post, flight attendants on airlines often complain about the way passengers behave (for example, flight attendants often have to repeat important announcements because passengers are wearing headphones). But flight attendants also often act in ways that reduce the profits of the airlines they work for. The story gives these two examples: Flight attendants often serve decaf coffee even to passengers who ask for regular coffee. Flight attendants serve decaf because they want passengers to sit back, relax and fall asleep so they don’t bother the flight attendants too much. However, decaf coffee costs airlines more than regular coffee do. If a flight is late, the airlines might have to pay flight attendants overtime (which generally is double the hourly pay). Flight attendants will often find or make up some minor problem that wouldn’t really affect the flight but which nonetheless delays takeoff, thus ensuring that a flight will be late and that…
Answer the following questions. Make sure to number your answers when you upload your response. Suppose Alphonso’s town raised the price of bus tickets to $2.50 per trip (while the price of burgers stayed at $3.50 and his budget remained $11.50 per week.) Draw Alphonso’s new budget constraint. What happens to the opportunity cost of bus tickets? Suppose Alphonso’s town raises the price of bus tickets from $2.50 to $5 and the price of burgers rises from $3.50 to $7. Why is the opportunity cost of bus tickets unchanged? Suppose Alphonso’s weekly spending money increases from $11.50 to $23. How is his budget constraint affected from all three changes? Explain. Use this information to answer the following 4 questions: Marie has a weekly budget of $24, which she likes to spend on magazines and pies. If the price of a magazine is $4 each, what is the maximum number of magazines she could buy in a week? If the price of a pie is $12, what is the maximum number of pies she could buy in a…
Highline Financial Services provides three categories of service toits clients. Managing partner Freddie Mack is getting ready to preparefinancial and personnel hiring (or layoff) plans for the comingyear. He is a bit perplexed by the following printout he obtained,which seems to show oscillating demand for the three categoriesof services over the past eight quarters:Examine the demand that this company has experienced for thethree categories of service it offers over the preceding two years.Assuming nothing changes in terms of advertising or promotion,and competition doesn’t change, predict demand for the servicesthe company offers for the next four quarters. Note that there arenot enough data to develop seasonal relatives. Nonetheless, youshould be able to make reasonably good, approximate intuitiveestimates of demand. What general observations can you makeregarding demand? Should Freddie have any concerns? Explain.
1. Suppose you are going on a weekend trip to a city that is d miles away. Develop a model that determines your round-trip gasoline costs. What assumptions or approximations are necessary to treat this model as a deterministic model? Are these assumptions or approximations acceptable to you? 2. Suppose that a manager has a choice between the following two mathematical models of a given situation: (a)a relatively simple model that is a reasonable approximation of the real situation, and (b)a thorough and complex model that is the most accurate mathematical representation of the real situation possible. Why might the model described in part (a) be preferred by the manager?
Which of the following is true? a)The maximin criterion is an approach in Optimization under uncertainty which finds a solution that has the best possible payoff. b)The maximin criterion is an approach in Optimization under uncertainty which finds a solution with the best worst possible payoff. c)A risk profile represents the probability distribution of uncertain inputs. d)Decision tree is a method to solve any optimization problem when the outcomes are subject to uncertainty.

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