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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.
Concept introduction:
The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.
(b)
Interpretation:
The indicated groups are constitutionally equilvalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.
Concept introduction:
The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.
(c)
Interpretation:
The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.
Concept introduction:
The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.
(d)
Interpretation:
The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.
Concept introduction:
The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.
(e)
Interpretation:
The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.
Concept introduction:
The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.
(f)
Interpretation:
The indicated hydrogen atoms and carbon
Concept introduction:
The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- (a) Draw all other stereoisomers of the molecule , labelling meso forms (if any), and assign descriptors to chiral carbon atoms. (b) Including molecule below, label pairs of enantiomers and pairs of diastereomers. (c) If you were to distill a mixture of all the isomers, how many fractions could be obtained, and what is in each fraction?arrow_forwardFor each pair of compounds, predict which one has the higher molecular dipole moment, and explain your reasoning.(a) ethyl chloride or ethyl iodidearrow_forwardPRACTICE PROBLEM 2.2 The compounds in each part below have the same (or similar) molecular weights. Which compound in cach part would you expect to have the higher boiling point? Explain your answers. (a) OH or (c) OH or HO (b) (CHN or A factor (in addition to polarity and hydrogen bonding) that affects the melting point of many organic compounds is the compactness and rigidity of their individual molecules. • Molecules that are symmetrical generally have abnormally high melting points. sert- Buryl alcohol, for example, has a much higher melting point than the other isomeric alcohols shown here: OH OH tert-Butyl alcohol (mp 25 "C) Butyl alcohol (mp -00 "C) Isobutyl alcohol sec-Butyl alcohol (mp 108 C) (mp-114 C) о оarrow_forward
- Нас 3. (5S,7R) -7-bromo-3,9-diethyl-6,6-dimethylundec-3,8-dien-5-ol H C Н.С Ay statuvos OH CH3 Ay si Br Н CH3 CH3 I b. number of peaks = С.arrow_forward(A) what are the 'Four criteria (rules) for aromaticity'? (b) Explain aromatic, antiaromatic, nonaromatic using 'Criteria for aromaticiy' and draw chemical structures of each example.arrow_forwardb) Below draw 2 examples for: (i) Polar protic solvent (ii) Polar aprotic solvent (iii) One example for non-polar solventarrow_forward
- (1) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) What is the relationship between the compounds [Cl-Ag-SCN]™ and [SCN-Ag-CIJ? Name the compounds whose molecular formulae are given in Question 1(a) (i). Which of the compounds, [Cl-Ag-SCN] and [SCN-Ag-CI], is the more stable? Explain your answer. Draw the boundary surfaces of all 3d orbitals and label these orbitals according to the conventional nomenclature. Clearly draw and label the Cartesian axes. Draw the crystal field splitting diagram for a linear compound, e.g. [Cl-Ag-SCN] or [SCN-Ag-CI], aligned along the z-axis. You only need to indicate the order of the individual d orbitals as a function of the energy. Explain your answer.arrow_forwardIf either of the following molecules has a stereogenic carbon (chirality center), give structures for both of the enantiomers. (a) 2-bromopropane (b) 2-bromobutanearrow_forward(b) Distinguish each as aromatic or antiaromatic in terms of electronic basis. Explain which one is more stable. (i) Compound A Compound B (ii) Compound C Compound D (iii) Compound E Compound Farrow_forward
- Indetify the molecule that is (2S,3R)-3-chloro-2-methylbutan-1,2-ol. (A, B, C or D)arrow_forwardProvide the correct IUPAC name for N₂Br3. (1) () () (IV) tri- di-penta-tetra- mono- hexa- octa- hepta- bromite nickel bromide nitrogen niobium bromate hydrate acid Deletearrow_forwardFor each of the molecules below: (a) Provide the bond line structures (b) Indicate the number of peaks that would be seen in their ¹H-NMR spectra. Number each unique type of hydrogen peaks as shown in the example on the right. (c) Label the diasterotopic and enantiotopic atoms and/or groups. 1. (1R,4S) 4-secbutyl-2,3-diethyl-6,6-dimethylcyclohex-2-enol 2. (2R,6S) 2,6-dibromo-4,4-dimethylcyclohexanol 3. (5S,7R) -7-bromo-3,9-diethyl-6,6-dimethylundec-3,8-dien-5-ol Example: 1 2 1Η 2arrow_forward
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