Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 10, Problem 5EQ
When chromatin is treated with a salt solution of moderate concentration, the linker histone H1 is removed (see Figure 10.12a). A higher salt concentration removes the rest of the histone proteins (see Figure 10.18b). If the experiment of Figure 10.11 was carried out after the DNA was treated with moderately or highly concentrated salt solution, what would be the expected results?
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In the first figure of “DNMT3L Connects Unmethylated Lysine 4 of Histone H3 to de novo Methylation of DNA,” the authors determined that the DNMT3L protein interacts with several histone proteins. Using Figure a and b (from that paper), explain how each of the 4 histones interact with DNMT3L.
Mammals contain a diploid genome consisting of at least 109 bp. If this amount of DNA is present as chromatin fibers, where each group of 200 bp of DNA is combined with 9 histones into a nucleosome and each group of 6 nucleosomes is combined into a solenoid, achieving a final packing ratio of 50, determine (a) the total number of nucleosomes in all fibers, (b) the total number of histone molecules combined with DNA in the diploid genome, and (c) the combined length of all fibers.
What results would be expected in the experiment outlined in Figure if, during replication, all the original histone proteins remained on one strand of the DNA and new histones attached to the other strand?
Chapter 10 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 10.1 - 1. A bacterial chromosome typically contains
a. a...Ch. 10.2 - Mechanisms that make the bacterial chromosome more...Ch. 10.2 - 2. Negative supercoiling may enhance activities...Ch. 10.2 - 3. DNA gyrase
a. promotes negative supercoiling....Ch. 10.3 - 1. The chromosomes of eukaryotes typically contain...Ch. 10.4 - Which of the following is an example of a...Ch. 10.5 - What are the components of a single nucleosome? a....Ch. 10.5 - 2. In Noll’s experiment to test the...Ch. 10.5 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 10.5 - Prob. 4COMQ
Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 10.6 - 2. The role of cohesin is to
a. make chromosomes...Ch. 10 - Prob. 1CONQCh. 10 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 10 - 3. Describe the mechanisms by which bacterial DNA...Ch. 10 - Why is DNA supercoiling called supercoiling rather...Ch. 10 - Prob. 5CONQCh. 10 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 10 - Prob. 7CONQCh. 10 - Prob. 8CONQCh. 10 - Prob. 9CONQCh. 10 - 10. What is the function of a centromere? At what...Ch. 10 - Prob. 11CONQCh. 10 - 12. Describe the structures of a nucleosome and a...Ch. 10 - Beginning with the G1 phase of the cell cycle,...Ch. 10 - Draw a picture depicting the binding between the...Ch. 10 - 15. Compare heterochromatin and euchromatin. What...Ch. 10 - 16. Compare the structure and cell localization of...Ch. 10 - 17. What types of genetic activities occur during...Ch. 10 - Lets assume the linker region of DNA averages 54bp...Ch. 10 - 19. In Figure 10.12, what are we looking at in...Ch. 10 - 20. What are the roles of the core histone...Ch. 10 - A typical eukaryotic chromosome found in humans...Ch. 10 - Which of the following terms should not be used to...Ch. 10 - Discuss the differences between the compaction...Ch. 10 - 24. What is an SMC complex? Describe two...Ch. 10 - Two circular DNA molecules, which we can call...Ch. 10 - 2. Let’s suppose you have isolated DNA from a cell...Ch. 10 - 3. We seem to know more about the structure of...Ch. 10 - In Nolls experiment of Figure 10.11, explain where...Ch. 10 - When chromatin is treated with a salt solution of...Ch. 10 - 6. Let’s suppose you have isolated chromatin from...Ch. 10 - If you were given a sample of chromosomal DNA and...Ch. 10 - Consider how histone proteins bind to DNA and then...Ch. 10 - In Chapter 23, the technique of fluorescence in...Ch. 10 - Bacterial and eukaryotic chromosomes are very...Ch. 10 - The prevalence of highly repetitive sequences...Ch. 10 - Discuss and make a list of the similarities and...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A new technique for rapidly determining the nuclesome structure for regions of chromatin is called Mnase-Seq. Briefly, in MNase-Seq experiments, the chromatin is digested with Micrococcal Nuclease (MNase) and then the resulting digest is subjecting to high throughput sequencing to identify sequences digested by enzyme. See this short article for complete explanation. In the experiment below, researchers conducted an Mnase Seq experiment on a region of a chromosome in the absence (OHT-) and presence (OHT+) of a Protein X. This protein has a dramatic effect on the expression of the Igll1 gene, but no effect on Top3b nor Vpreb1 genes. Based on this information, explain what Protein X is doing to influence the Igll1 gene (limit 4-5 sentences).arrow_forwardIn the human gene for the beta chain of haemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein in the red blood cells), the first 30 nucleotides in the amino-acid-coding region is represented by the sequence: 3'-TACCACGTGGACTGAGGACTCCTCTTCAGA-5'. What is the sequence of the partner strand? 4B. If the DNA duplex for the beta chain of haemoglobin above were transcribed from left to right, deduce the base sequence of the RNA in this coding region.arrow_forwardIn the human gene for the beta chain of haemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein in the red blood cells), the first 30 nucleotides in the amino-acid-coding region is represented by the sequence: 3'-TACCACGTGGACTGAGGACTCCTCTTCAGA-5'. What is the sequence of the partner strand? 4B. If the DNA duplex for the beta chain of haemoglobin above were transcribed from left to right, deduce the base sequence of the RNA in this coding region. 4C. In NOT more than 200 words, explain how eukaryotic RNA synthesized by RNA polymerase II is modified before leaving the nucleus?arrow_forward
- Assuming that the histone octamer forms a cylinder 9 nm in diameter and 5 nm in height and that the human genome forms 32 million nucleosomes, what volume of the nucleus (6 μm in diameter) is occupied by histone octamers?arrow_forwardEuchromatin is said to be transcriptionally-active while Heterochromatin is said to be transcriptionally-inactive. What does this mean?arrow_forwardIn each of the illustrations below, a segment of a chromosome has two copies of a transposable element. In panel a, they are oriented in the same direction, whereas in panel b they are in opposite directions. A double strand break occurs in element A and is repaired by homologous recombination using element B as a repair template. For each case, what will the chromosome look like after homologous recombination occurs? Choose one of the five options below, 1-5.arrow_forward
- Lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) is methylated in thenucleosomes of many transcriptionally active genes.Suppose you want to determine all the places in thehuman genome where nucleosomes contain methylated H3K4.a. Starting with an antibody that specifically bindsonly to the tails of histone H3s that have K4 methylation, what kind of experiment would you perform? Outline the major steps of this experiment.b. Do you think that you would get the same results ifyour starting material was skin cells in one experiment and blood precursor cells in a second experiment? Explain.c. Describe a follow-up experiment that could determine if your data from part (a) are consistent withthe idea that H3K4 methylation marks appear onlyat transcriptionally active genesarrow_forwardAt the end of the short arm of human chromosome 16 (16p), several genes associated with disease are present, including thalassemia and polycystic kidney disease. When that region of chromosome 16 was sequenced, gene-coding regions were found to be very close to the telomere-associated sequences. Could there be a possible link between the location of these genes and the presence of the telomere-associated sequences? What further information concerning the disease genes would be useful in your analysis?arrow_forwardIf the bandicoot genome is 3.62 x 109 base pairs, and the "highly repetitive DNA" fraction is composed entirely of copies of sequence 5'TGCGTGTGTGC3' and its complement, how many copies of this sequence are present in the bandicoot genome?arrow_forward
- What factor might potentially determine the length of the flanking direct repeats that are produced in transposition?arrow_forwardWhat are the roles of the core histone proteins versus the role of histone H1 in the compaction of eukaryotic DNA?arrow_forwardThe region of the normal hemoglobin gene used for genetic testing for sickle cell anemia contains a restriction site such that homozygous normal individuals show two DNA fragments. If a single nucleotide change in hemoglobin destroys that restriction site, then how many DNA fragments will be visible on a gel from individuals that are homozygous mutant? What about heterozygotes?arrow_forward
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