Principles of Cost Accounting
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781305087408
Author: Edward J. Vanderbeck, Maria R. Mitchell
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 10, Problem 7P
1.
To determine
Prepare a segment income statement of electric division for 2016.
2.
To determine
Prepare an income statement of accounting books of the Electronic division.
3.
To determine
Evaluate the accounting books of the electronic division.
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Toxaway Company is a merchandiser that segments its business into two divisions—Commercial and Residential. The company’s accounting intern was asked to prepare segmented income statements that the company’s divisional managers could use to calculate their break-even points and make decisions. She took the prior month’s companywide income statement and prepared the absorption format segmented income statement shown below:
Total Company
Commercial
Residential
Sales
$
930,000
$
310,000
$
620,000
Cost of goods sold
623,100
170,500
452,600
Gross margin
306,900
139,500
167,400
Selling and administrative expenses
288,000
128,000
160,000
Net operating income
$
18,900
$
11,500
$
7,400
In preparing these statements, the intern determined that Toxaway’s only variable selling and…
Xerox Corporation has been an innovator in its responsibility-accounting system. In one initiative, management changed the responsibility-centre orientation of its Logistics and Distribution Department from a cost centre to a profit The department manages the inventories and provides other logistical services to the company’s Business Systems Group. Formerly, the manager of the Logistics and Distribution Department was held accountable for adherence to an operating expense budget. Now the department “sells” its services to the company’s other segments, and the department’s manager is evaluated partially on the basis of the department’s profit. Xerox Corporation’s management feels that the change has been beneficial. The change has resulted in more innovative thinking in the development and has moved decision making down to lower levels in the company.
Required:
Comment on the new responsibility-centre designation for the Logistics and Distribution Department.
The following article appeared in the Wall Street Journal.
Washington—The Securities and Exchange Commission staff issued guidelines for companies grappling with the problem of dividing up their business into industry segments for their annual reports.
An industry segment is defined by the Financial Accounting Standards Board as a part of an enterprise engaged in providing a product or service or a group of related products or services primarily to unaffiliated customers for a profit.
Although conceding that the process is a “subjective task” that “to a considerable extent, depends on the judgment of management,” the SEC staff said companies should consider … various factors … to determine whether products and services should be grouped together or reported as segments.
Instructions
What does financial reporting for segments of a business enterprise involve?
Identify the reasons for requiring financial data to be reported by segments.
Identify the possible disadvantages of requiring…
Chapter 10 Solutions
Principles of Cost Accounting
Ch. 10 - What is the difference between absorption costing...Ch. 10 - Distinguish between product costs and period...Ch. 10 - What effect will applying variable costing have on...Ch. 10 - What are the advantages and disadvantages of using...Ch. 10 - Prob. 5QCh. 10 - What is the difference between gross margin and...Ch. 10 - Why are there objections to using absorption...Ch. 10 - What are common costs?Ch. 10 - How is a contribution margin determined, and why...Ch. 10 - What are considered direct costs in segment...
Ch. 10 - What is cost-volume-profit analysis?Ch. 10 - Prob. 12QCh. 10 - What steps are required in constructing a...Ch. 10 - What is the difference between the contribution...Ch. 10 - What impact does income tax have on the break-even...Ch. 10 - Define differential analysis, differential...Ch. 10 - Prob. 17QCh. 10 - Prob. 18QCh. 10 - What are distribution costs?Ch. 10 - What is the purpose of the analysis of...Ch. 10 - In cost analysis, what determines which costs...Ch. 10 - Yellowstone Fabricators uses a process cost system...Ch. 10 - Using the information presented in E10-1, prepare...Ch. 10 - The chief executive officer of Acadia, Inc....Ch. 10 - The following production data came from the...Ch. 10 - A company had income of 50,000, using variable...Ch. 10 - The fixed overhead budgeted for Ranier Industries...Ch. 10 - Columbia Products Inc. has two divisions, Salem...Ch. 10 - The sales price per unit is 13 for the Voyageur...Ch. 10 - Teton, Inc. sells its only product for 50 per...Ch. 10 - A new product is expected to have sales of...Ch. 10 - Augusta Industries manufactures and sells two...Ch. 10 - A company has sales of 1,000,000, variable costs...Ch. 10 - Prob. 13ECh. 10 - A company has prepared the following statistics...Ch. 10 - Prob. 15ECh. 10 - Prob. 16ECh. 10 - Redwood Industries needs 20,000 units of a certain...Ch. 10 - Prob. 18ECh. 10 - Biscayne Industries has determined the cost of...Ch. 10 - Roosevelt Enterprises has determined the cost of...Ch. 10 - Prob. 3PCh. 10 - Prob. 4PCh. 10 - Prob. 5PCh. 10 - Arctic Software Inc. has two product lines. The...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7PCh. 10 - The production of a new product required Zion...Ch. 10 - Grand Canyon Manufacturing Inc. produces and sells...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10PCh. 10 - Emerald Island Company is considering building a...Ch. 10 - Royale Aluminum desires an after-tax income of...Ch. 10 - Deuce Sporting Goods manufactures a high-end model...Ch. 10 - Prob. 14PCh. 10 - Prob. 15PCh. 10 - Prob. 1MCCh. 10 - Denali Company manufactures household products...
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- Kanye Achebe just became the operations manager of Weston Transportation. Weston transports large crates for online companies and transports containers overseas. Kanye would like to evaluate each divisional manager on a basis similar to segmental reporting required by generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) financial statements contained in annual reports. These data include a presentation of net sales, operating profit and loss before and after taxes, total identifiable assets, and depreciation for segment reported. Kanye thinks that evaluating business division managers by the same criteria as the total company is appropriate. A. Explain why you think the chief financial officer (CFO) disagrees and tells Kanye that publicly reporting information might demotivate managers. B. For better evaluation of the managers, what type of information should Kanye propose that the CFO might accept?arrow_forwardXerox Corporation has been an innovator in its responsibility-accounting system. In one initiative, management changed the responsibility-center orientation of its Logistics and Distribution Department from a cost center to a profit center. The department manages the inventories and provides other logistical services to the company’s Business Systems Group. Formerly, the manager of the Logistics and Distribution Department was held accountable for adherence to an operating expense budget. Now the department “sells” its services to the company’s other segments, and the department’s manager is evaluated partially on the basis of the department’s profit. Xerox Corporation’s management feels that the change has been beneficial. The change has resulted in more innovative thinking in the department and has moved decision making down to lower levels in the company. Required: Comment on the new responsibility-center designation for the Logistics and Distribution Department.arrow_forwardFor each of the following items, identify which of the management accounting guidelines applies: cost-benefit approach, behavioral and technical considerations, or different costs for different purposes. Analyzing whether to keep the billing function within an organization or outsource it Deciding to give bonuses for superior performance to the employees in a Japanese subsidiary and extra vacation time to the employees in a Swedish subsidiary Including costs of all the value-chain functions before deciding to launch a new product, but including only its manufacturing costs in determining its inventory valuation Considering the desirability of hiring one more salesperson Giving each salesperson the compensation option of choosing either a low salary and a high-percentage sales commission or a high salary and a low-percentage sales commission Selecting the costlier computer system after considering two systems Installing a participatory budgeting system in which managers set…arrow_forward
- Esme Company’s management is trying to decide whether to eliminate Department Z, which has produced low profits or losses for several years. The company’s departmental income statements show the following.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not necessarily true for an operating segment?a. An operating segment earns revenues and incurs expenses.b. The chief operating decision maker regularly reviews an operating segment to assess performance and make resource allocation decisions.c. Discrete financial information generated by the internal accounting system is available for an operating segment.d. An operating segment regularly generates a profit from its normal ongoing operations.arrow_forwardBill Fremont, division controller and CMA, was upset by a recent memo he received from the divisional manager, Steve Preston. Bill was scheduled to present the divisions financial performance at headquarters in one week. In the memo, Steve had given Bill some instructions for this upcoming report. In particular, Bill had been told to emphasize the significant improvement in the divisions profits over last year. Bill, however, didnt believe that there was any real underlying improvement in the divisions performance and was reluctant to say otherwise. He knew that the increase in profits was because of Steves conscious decision to produce more inventory. In an earlier meeting, Steve had convinced his plant managers to produce more than they knew they could sell. He argued that by deferring some of this periods fixed costs, reported profits would jump. He pointed out two significant benefits. First, by increasing profits, the division could exceed the minimum level needed so that all the managers would qualify for the annual bonus. Second, by meeting the budgeted profit level, the division would be better able to compete for much-needed capital. Bill objected but had been overruled. The most persuasive counterargument was that the increase in inventory could be liquidated in the coming year as the economy improved. Bill, however, considered this event unlikely. From past experience, he knew that it would take at least two years of improved market demand before the productive capacity of the division was exceeded. Required: 1. Discuss the behavior of Steve Preston, the divisional manager. Was the decision to produce for inventory an ethical one? 2. What should Bill Fremont do? Should he comply with the directive to emphasize the increase in profits? If not, what options does he have? 3. Chapter 1 listed ethical standards for management accountants. Identify any standards that apply in this situation.arrow_forward
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- Assume you have been hired by Cabelas Sporting Goods. As part of your new role in the accounting department, you have been tasked to set up a responsibility accounting structure for the company. As your first task, your supervisor has asked you to give an example of a cost center, profit center, and an investment center within the Cabelas organization. Your supervisor is a little unsure of the difference between a profit center and investment center and would like you to explain the difference.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a primary aspect of the evaluating function within an organization? comparing actual results against expected results for products, departments, divisions, or the company as a whole reviewing only the quantitative or financial results of the company setting goals putting controls in place for the upcoming yeararrow_forwardChoose the correct. Which of the following is not necessarily true for an operating segment?a. An operating segment earns revenues and incurs expenses.b. The chief operating decision maker regularly reviews an operating segment to assess performance and make resource allocation decisions.c. Discrete financial information generated by the internal accounting system is available for an operating segment.d. An operating segment regularly generates a profit from its normal ongoing operations.arrow_forward
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