Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 11, Problem 1EQ
Answer the following questions pertaining to the experiment of Figure 11.3.
A. What would be the expected results if the Meselson and Stahl experiment were carried out for four or five generations?
B. What would be the expected results of the Meselson and Stahl experiment after three generations if the mechanism of
C. Considering the data from the experiment, explain why three different bands (i.e., light, half-heavy, and heavy) can be observed in the CsCl gradient.
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Which of the following statements BEST DESCRIBES the main findings of the Meselson-Stahl experiment?
A.
DNA can be separated using centrifugation
B.
The semiconservative model of DNA replication is more accurate than the dispersive or conservative models of DNA replication
C.
Using 14N in experiments is an effective way of tracking nitrogen molecules
D.
Bacteria grown in the presence of a heavier nitrogen isotope (15N) will replicate at a slower rate than those that utilise a lighter nitrogen isotope (14N)
E.
Both strands of each new DNA double helix are brand new and synthesized from individual nucleotides
Please answer the following question and explain
Q1. If MacLeod and McCarty had accidentally contaminated their RNase enzyme with DNase, how would this have changed the conclusion that they made from their experiments? Pick the correct letter option
A. They would have concluded that DNA is the only molecule required for genetic transformation.
B. They would have concluded that DNA and protein are both required for genetic transformation.
C. They would have concluded that RNA is the only molecule required for genetic transformation.
D. They would have concluded that RNA and DNA are both required for genetic transformation.
E. They would have concluded that proteins are the only molecules required for genetic transformation
Below is a study of a colony of cells, determine that some of these cells have a mutated DNA polymerase I that results in loss of function of this enzyme.
- What will the effect of the mutation in DNA polymerase I be on DNA replication? Include leading and lagging strand
- Will this mutation in DNA polymerase I have an impact on another step in DNA replication? Will DNA be replicatation be impacted? Are any enzymes involved?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 11.1 - 1. The complementarity of DNA strands is based on...Ch. 11.1 - 2. To make a new DNA strand, which of the...Ch. 11.1 - 3. The model that correctly describes the process...Ch. 11.2 - 1. A site in a chromosome where DNA replication...Ch. 11.2 - The origin of replication in E. coli contains a....Ch. 11.3 - 1. The enzyme known as ______ uses ________ and...Ch. 11.3 - In the lagging strand, DNA is made in the...Ch. 11.4 - 1. DNA polymerase III is a processive enzyme,...Ch. 11.4 - 2. The proofreading function of DNA polymerase...Ch. 11.5 - 1. In eukaryotes, DNA replication is initiated at...
Ch. 11.5 - 2. Which of the following statements regarding DNA...Ch. 11.5 - 3. In eukaryotes, RNA primers are primarily...Ch. 11.5 - 4. To synthesize DNA, what does telomerase use as...Ch. 11 - What key structural features of the DNA molecule...Ch. 11 - 2. With regard to DNA replication, define the term...Ch. 11 - Which of the following statements is not true?...Ch. 11 - The compound known as nitrous acid is a reactive...Ch. 11 - One way that bacterial cells regulate DNA...Ch. 11 - 6. The chromosome of E. coli contains 4.6 million...Ch. 11 - Here are two strands of DNA. DNA polymerase The...Ch. 11 - A DNA strand has the following sequence:...Ch. 11 - 9. List and briefly describe the three types of...Ch. 11 - 10. As shown in Figure 11.5, five DnaA boxes are...Ch. 11 - 11. Obtain two strings of different colors (e.g.,...Ch. 11 - Sometimes DNA polymerase makes a mistake, and the...Ch. 11 - 13. A short genetic sequence, which may be...Ch. 11 - Single-strand binding proteins keep the two...Ch. 11 - 15. In the following drawing, the top strand is...Ch. 11 - Describe the three important functions of DnaA...Ch. 11 - 17. Draw a picture that illustrates how DNA...Ch. 11 - What is an Okazaki fragment? In which strand of...Ch. 11 - Discuss the similarities and differences in the...Ch. 11 - 20. Explain the proofreading function of DNA...Ch. 11 - 21. What is a processive enzyme? Explain why...Ch. 11 - 22. What enzymatic features of DNA polymerase...Ch. 11 - 23. As shown in Figure 11.24, telomerase attaches...Ch. 11 - If a eukaryotic chromosome has 25 origins of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 25CONQCh. 11 - A diagram of a linear chromosome is shown here....Ch. 11 - As discussed in Chapter 18, some viruses contain...Ch. 11 - 28. Telomeres contain a 3′ overhang region, as...Ch. 11 - 1. Answer the following questions pertaining to...Ch. 11 - An absentminded researcher follows the steps of...Ch. 11 - Figure 11.4b shows an autoradiograph of a...Ch. 11 - 4. As described in Table 11.3, what is the...Ch. 11 - The technique of dideoxy sequencing of DNA is...Ch. 11 - 6. Another technique described in Chapter 21 is...Ch. 11 - The complementarity of its two strands is the...Ch. 11 - Compare and contrast DNA replication in bacteria...Ch. 11 - 3. DNA replication is fast, virtually error-free,...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- If DNA replication followed the dispersive model of replication, how would the outcomes of the Meselson-Stahl experiment change? Describe the composition of DNA samples after one and two rounds of replication, and how this is different from the findings of the original experiment.arrow_forwardYou conducted an experiment to determine the mechanism of DNA replication in the hypothetical organism Fungus mungus. Your data shows that synthesis of newly replicated DNA from F. mungus is discontinuous on both strands of the replication fork. Does this result support or not support the hypothesis that F. mungus replicates its DNA by the same mechanism as yeast? Briefly explain your answer.arrow_forwardYou decide to repeat the Meselson-Stahl experiment, except this time you plan to grow the E. coli cells on light 14N medium for many generations and then transfer them to heavy 15N medium and allow them to grow for 2 additional generations (2 rounds of DNA replication). If the conservative model of DNA replication was correct, what is the expected distribution of DNA in the density gradient after two rounds of replication?arrow_forward
- Answer the following questions. A) Write the protein that catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds. B) Write the protein that breaks the covalent bonds. C) A mutated strain of E. coli normally replicates DNA at 25ºC, but replication immediately stops when the temperature is raised to 37ºC. Which protein is functional at higher temperature? Probably not, please write. D) Write down the enzyme that catalyzes the binding of an amino acid to tRNA in the formation of aminoacyl tRNA. E) Write down the enzyme that is mostly responsible for the synthesis of the chain that begins to form during DNA replication in E. coliarrow_forwardYou decide to repeat the Meselson-Stahl experiment, except this time you plan to grow the E. coli cells on light 14N medium for many generations and then transfer them to heavy 15N medium and allow them to grow for 2 additional generations (2 rounds of DNA replication). If the conservative model of DNA replication was correct, what is the expected distribution of DNA in the density gradient after two rounds of replication? Multiple Choice One band of intermediate density. One band of light density. One band of heavy density. One band of light density and one band of heavy density. One band of light density and one band of intermediate density.arrow_forwardWhat are the three models of DNA replication? With the aid of illustrations, show how the Meselson Stahl experiment come to the conclusion of one model of DNA replication. Is DNA replication bidirectional? How did you arrive at this conclusion? Explain the bacterial replication model that supports this conclusion.arrow_forward
- The Meselson-Stahl experiment provided strong evidence that DNA replication was conservative, by alternately growing bacteria in medium with heavy 15N and light 14N. If DNA replication were dispersive, what result would Meselson and Stahl have observed after the first round of DNA replication in light nitrogen? Group of answer choices Two bands, one at the location for pure 15N and one at the location for pure 14N. One band, located half way between the locations for pure 15N and pure 14N. Two bands, one at the location for pure 15N and one located halfway between the locations for pure 15N and pure 14N. None of these Three bands, one at the location for pure 15N, one at the location for pure 14N, and one at a location halfway between.arrow_forwardConsider the experiment conducted by Meselson and Stahl in which they used 14N and 15N in cultures of E. coli and equilibrium density gradient centrifugation. Draw pictures to represent the bands produced by bacterial DNA in the centrifuge tube before the switch to medium containing 14N and after one, two, and three rounds of replication in that medium. Use separate sets of drawings to show the bands that would appear if replication were (a) semiconservative; (b) conservative; (c) dispersive.arrow_forwardWhich statement below best describes what these data might have demonstrated to Kornberg about the process of replication? CHOOSE ONE and explain the rationale behind your answer in a minimum of four sentences. A. Products of replication are DNA polymers. B. DNA Pol I-mediated replication is a high-fidelity (i.e., no mistakes) process C. DNA Pol III-mediated replication gives rise to two daughter strands, one which is made of only the original templates, and one of which is only newly synthesized polymer. D. In DNA, all 4 classes of nitrogenous bases are more or less equally represented E. A pairs with T and C pairs with Garrow_forward
- Which of the following statements are correct? explain your answers.a. a bacterial replication fork is asymmetrical because it contains two DNA polymerase molecules that are structurally distinct.B. okazaki fragments are removed by a nuclease that degrades RNA.c. the error rate of DNA replication is reduced both by proofreading byDNA polymerase and by DNA mismatch repair.d. in the absence of DNA repair, genes are unstable. e. none of the aberrant bases formed by deamination occur naturally in DNA.F. cancer can result from the accumulation of mutations in somatic cells.arrow_forwardGive only typing answer with explanation and conclusion Semi-discontinuous DNA replication, in the intact chromosomes of rapidly-growing bacterial cells, was first demonstrated by which of the following investigators? A. Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins B. Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl C. Erwin Chargaff and Arthur Kornberg D. Reiji Okazaki and Tuneko Okazaki E. James Watson and Francis Crickarrow_forwardYou are studying a colony of cells and determine that some of these cells have a mutated DNA polymerase I that results in loss of function of this enzyme. A) What will the effect of the mutation in DNA polymerase I be on DNA replication? In your answer make sure to describe what would be observed in the leading and lagging strand and explain your reasoning. B) Will this mutation in DNA polymerase I have an impact on another step in DNA replication? In your answer make sure to indicate whether DNA replication will be impacted or not. If it is not, explain why. If it is impacted, then describe the step that is impacted and name the molecule or enzyme involved.arrow_forward
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