Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11.5, Problem 2COMQ
Which of the following statements regarding DNA polymerases in eukaryotes is not correct?
a. DNA polymerase
b. DNA polymerases
c. Lesion-replicating DNA polymerases can replicate over damaged DNA.
d. All of the above statements are correct.
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Polymerase Chain Reaction, or PCR, can
Group of answer choices
A. target a specific region of DNA and cut it out of the rest of the genetic material for further analysis.
B. copy the number of copies of a selected region of DNA linearly.
C. increase the number of copies of a selected region of DNA exponentially.
D. copy the entire genome at least a dozen times.
What is the function of resolvase in recombination?
a. It unwinds double-stranded DNA.
b. It allows a single DNA strand to invade a DNA helix.
c. It displaces one of the original DNA strands during branch migration.
d. It cleaves the Holliday structure.
DNA strands are anti-parallel and DNA polymerase can only synthesize DNA in a 5' to 3' direction. How does the enzyme synthesize both strands at the same time?
A. The leading strand is sythesised in Okazaki fragments
B. The lagging strand is synthesised in short Okazaki fragments.
C. Only one strand is replicated.
D. There are more than one DNA polymerase involved.
Chapter 11 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 11.1 - 1. The complementarity of DNA strands is based on...Ch. 11.1 - 2. To make a new DNA strand, which of the...Ch. 11.1 - 3. The model that correctly describes the process...Ch. 11.2 - 1. A site in a chromosome where DNA replication...Ch. 11.2 - The origin of replication in E. coli contains a....Ch. 11.3 - 1. The enzyme known as ______ uses ________ and...Ch. 11.3 - In the lagging strand, DNA is made in the...Ch. 11.4 - 1. DNA polymerase III is a processive enzyme,...Ch. 11.4 - 2. The proofreading function of DNA polymerase...Ch. 11.5 - 1. In eukaryotes, DNA replication is initiated at...
Ch. 11.5 - 2. Which of the following statements regarding DNA...Ch. 11.5 - 3. In eukaryotes, RNA primers are primarily...Ch. 11.5 - 4. To synthesize DNA, what does telomerase use as...Ch. 11 - What key structural features of the DNA molecule...Ch. 11 - 2. With regard to DNA replication, define the term...Ch. 11 - Which of the following statements is not true?...Ch. 11 - The compound known as nitrous acid is a reactive...Ch. 11 - One way that bacterial cells regulate DNA...Ch. 11 - 6. The chromosome of E. coli contains 4.6 million...Ch. 11 - Here are two strands of DNA. DNA polymerase The...Ch. 11 - A DNA strand has the following sequence:...Ch. 11 - 9. List and briefly describe the three types of...Ch. 11 - 10. As shown in Figure 11.5, five DnaA boxes are...Ch. 11 - 11. Obtain two strings of different colors (e.g.,...Ch. 11 - Sometimes DNA polymerase makes a mistake, and the...Ch. 11 - 13. A short genetic sequence, which may be...Ch. 11 - Single-strand binding proteins keep the two...Ch. 11 - 15. In the following drawing, the top strand is...Ch. 11 - Describe the three important functions of DnaA...Ch. 11 - 17. Draw a picture that illustrates how DNA...Ch. 11 - What is an Okazaki fragment? In which strand of...Ch. 11 - Discuss the similarities and differences in the...Ch. 11 - 20. Explain the proofreading function of DNA...Ch. 11 - 21. What is a processive enzyme? Explain why...Ch. 11 - 22. What enzymatic features of DNA polymerase...Ch. 11 - 23. As shown in Figure 11.24, telomerase attaches...Ch. 11 - If a eukaryotic chromosome has 25 origins of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 25CONQCh. 11 - A diagram of a linear chromosome is shown here....Ch. 11 - As discussed in Chapter 18, some viruses contain...Ch. 11 - 28. Telomeres contain a 3′ overhang region, as...Ch. 11 - 1. Answer the following questions pertaining to...Ch. 11 - An absentminded researcher follows the steps of...Ch. 11 - Figure 11.4b shows an autoradiograph of a...Ch. 11 - 4. As described in Table 11.3, what is the...Ch. 11 - The technique of dideoxy sequencing of DNA is...Ch. 11 - 6. Another technique described in Chapter 21 is...Ch. 11 - The complementarity of its two strands is the...Ch. 11 - Compare and contrast DNA replication in bacteria...Ch. 11 - 3. DNA replication is fast, virtually error-free,...
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- What would be the result if an organism’s telomerase were mutated and nonfunctional? a. No DNA replication would take place. b. The DNA polymerase enzyme would stall at the telomere. c. Chromosomes would shorten with each new generation. d. RNA primers could not be removed.arrow_forwardThe original DNA base sequence is 5’-AGCGTTACCGT-3’; a mutation in the DNA strand results in the base sequence 5’-AGGCGTTACCGT-3’. What can you conclude about the mutation? A. It is a frameshift mutation. B. It is a silent mutation. C. It is a deleterious mutation. D. It may result in a single amino acid change in the protein being coded for by this base sequence.arrow_forwardA researcher is performing PCR to amplify a sample of DNA. Unfortunately, he forgot to add the DNA primer prior to starting the experiment. Which of the following results is he most likely to observe? a. The reaction will work, but at a significantly slower rate. b. The reaction will work, but the product will contain many undesired mutations. c. The reaction will work, but amplify a region that was not his target. d. The reaction will be completely unsuccessfuarrow_forward
- What was the significance of Meselson and Stahl’s experiments on DNA replication using the heavy isotope of Nitrogen? A. telomerase was identified as the molecule responsible for solving the end replication problem of eukaryotic chromosomes B. the existence of lagging strand synthesis was proven. C. the rate of DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase was measured D. the processivity of DNA polymerase was established E. the semi-conservative mode of DNA replication was confirmedarrow_forwardBase analogs are mutagenic because of which characteristic? a. They produce changes in DNA polymerase that cause it to malfunction. b. They distort the structure of DNA. c. They are similar in structure to the normal bases. d. They chemically modify the normal bases.arrow_forwardWhich of the following would be most likely to cause a mutation? A. the addition of nucleotides to the 3’ end of the growing strand B. the insertion of a mismatched nucleotide into a DNA strand C. the unwinding of the DNA strand D. the synthesis of short stretches of DNAarrow_forward
- Which statement regarding transitions and transversions is TRUE? a) An adenine to guanine change is a transversion b) Transversions are more commonly found in nature that are transitions c) A cytosine to guanine change is a transition d) Transversions cause a distortion in the DNA double helixarrow_forwardPlace the steps of sanger sequencing in order.A. A fluorescent laser excites the fragments and records the wavelength consistent with a single nucleotide. B. ddNTPs bind and stop chain extension.C. DNA fragments are separated by size through a capillary tube. D. DNA polymerase copies the target region of template DNA.E. The final nucleotide of each fragment is labeled with a fluorescent tag.arrow_forwardThe diagram illustrating the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique is provided below. How does the number of copies of the DNA region being amplified change at the end of each cycle of the polymerase chain reaction? Group of answer choices a. The number of copies triples (or triplicates). b. The number of copies does not change. c. The number of copies quadruples (or quadruplicates). d. The number of copies doubles (or duplicates). e. The number of copies halves.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the molecular mechanism for DNA polymerases? A. The active site contains 2 divalent metal ions B. A single stranded DNA template is required C. The enzyme can only attach a new deoxynucleotide to the 5’ end of a growing chain D. The 3’OH on the deoyxyribose ring attacks a phosphate of a dNTP to produce a new phosophodiester bond E. None of the above (all are true statements)arrow_forwardWould it be possible to start synthesizing the daughter DNA strand without assembling the RNA primer first? Why? Why not? A. Yes, because the 3' OH is already present in the DNA strand which will be used as a template. B. No, because the RNA primer which contains the free 5' PO4 in its ribose will not be synthesized by primase. C. Yes, because the 5' PO4 is already present in the DNA strand which will be used as a template. D. No, because the RNA primer which contains the free 3' OH in its ribose has to be synthesized by primase first.arrow_forwardThe following diagram represents a DNA molecule that is undergoing replication. Draw in the strands of newly synthesized DNA and identify (a) the polarity of the newly synthesized strands, (b) the leading and lagging strands, (c) Okazaki fragments, and (d) RNA primers.arrow_forward
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