Study Guide And Solutions Manual For Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134832258
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman, Peter Mirabito
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 14P
Define antisense RNA, and describe how it affects the translation of a complementary mRNA. Why is it more advantageous to the organism to stop translation initiation than to inactivate or destroy the gene product after it is produced?
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Explain why the translation of a given mRNA can be inhibited by a segment of its complementary sequence, a so-called antisense RNA.
Except during initiation of translation, transfer RNA molecules carrying amino acids initially bind to the ribosome at the ____ site.
Researchers are studying the mechanism of the antibiotic chloramphenicol. They know that it prevents the formation of peptide bonds during translation. A model of the translation process is shown in the diagram.
Which of the following describes where in the model chloramphenicol acts to interfere with the production of proteins from DNA?
during initiation
during elongation
during termination
during protein release
Chapter 12 Solutions
Study Guide And Solutions Manual For Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach
Ch. 12 - 12.1 Bacterial genomes frequently contain groups...Ch. 12 - Transcriptional regulation of operon gene...Ch. 12 - Why is it essential that bacterial cells be able...Ch. 12 - Identify similarities and differences between an...Ch. 12 - The transcription of -galactosidase and permease...Ch. 12 - 12.6 Is attenuation the product of an allosteric...Ch. 12 - The trpL region contains four repeated DNA...Ch. 12 - The CAP binding site in the lac promoter is the...Ch. 12 - What role does cAMP play in transcription of lac...Ch. 12 - How would a cap- mutation that produces an...
Ch. 12 - Explain the circumstances under which attenuation...Ch. 12 - Consider the transcription of genes of the...Ch. 12 - Describe the lytic and lysogenic life cycles of ...Ch. 12 - 12.14 Define antisense RNA, and describe how it...Ch. 12 - 12.15 Attenuation of trp operon transcription is...Ch. 12 - 12.16 In the lac operon, what are the likely...Ch. 12 - Identify which of the following lac operon haploid...Ch. 12 - Prob. 18PCh. 12 - 12.19 List possible genotypes for lac operon...Ch. 12 - Suppose each of the genotypes you listed in parts...Ch. 12 - 12.21 Four independent mutants (mutants A to D)...Ch. 12 - Suppose the lac operon partial diploid...Ch. 12 - What is a riboswitch? Describe the riboswitch...Ch. 12 - 12.24 A repressible operon system, like the trp...Ch. 12 - 12.25 What is the likely effect of each of the...Ch. 12 - 12.26 Suppose that base substitution mutations...Ch. 12 - 12.27 Two different mutations affect. Mutant...Ch. 12 - How would mutations that inactivate each of the...Ch. 12 - The bacterial insertion sequence IS 10 uses...Ch. 12 - For an E. coli strain with the lac operongenotype...Ch. 12 - 12.31 How could antisense RNA be used as an...Ch. 12 - 12.32 Section describes the function of tRNA...Ch. 12 - The following hypothetical genotypes have genes A,...Ch. 12 - 12.34 Northern blot analysis is performed on...Ch. 12 - Prob. 35PCh. 12 - Prob. 36PCh. 12 - 12.37 The electrophoresis gel shown in part (a) is...
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- Describe the steps that occur during the initiation, elongation, and termination stages of translation.arrow_forwardExplain the three steps (Codon recognition, peptide bond formation, translocation) in elongation step of translation.arrow_forwardResearchers are studying the mechanism of the antibiotic chloramphenicol. They know that it prevents the formation of peptide bonds during translation. A model of the translation process is shown in the diagram. Which of the following describes where in the model chloramphenicol acts to interfere with the production of proteins from DNA? A - during initiationB - during elongationC = during terminationD = during protein releasearrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about the translation process is correct? a. RNA is made complimentary to DNA b. A protein is made from the DNA base sequence c. DNA is made complimentary to RNA d. A protein is made from the RNA base sequencearrow_forwardDescribe some of the ways that the initiation step of translation differs from the elongation steps of translation.arrow_forwardContrast the roles of tRNA and mRNA during translation, and list all enzymes that participate in the transcription and translation processarrow_forward
- What could be the advantages and disadvantages of simultaneous translation and transcription in prokaryotes?arrow_forwardName the process by which the information on DNA is copied into an RNA molecule.arrow_forwardWhat is the name of the enzyme is responsible for transcribing the DNA sequence into mRNA? In your own words, explain what this enzyme does.arrow_forward
- For each of the following initiation factors, how would eukaryoticinitiation of translation be affected if it were missing?A. eIF2B. eIF4C. eIF5arrow_forwardFor translation, identify two things that happen during each step - initiation, elongation and termination.arrow_forwardMany antibiotics are effective as drugs to fight off bacterial infections because they inhibit protein synthesis in bacterial cells. Using the information provided in the following table that highlights several antibiotics and their mode of action, discuss which phase of translation is inhibited: initiation, elongation, or termination. What other components of the translational machinery could be targeted to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis? Antibiotic Action 1. Streptomycin Binds to 30S ribosomal subunit 2. Chloramphenicol Inhibits peptidyl transferase of 70S ribosome 3. Tetracycline Inhibits binding of charged tRNA to the A site of the ribosome 4. Erythromycin Binds to free 50S particle and prevents formation of 70S ribosome 5. Kasugamycin Inhibits binding of tRNAfMet 6. Thiostrepton Prevents translocation by inhibiting EF-Garrow_forward
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