Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133910605
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 1AC
In an alternate universe, although proteins are still constructed of combinations of 20 different amino acids, DNA is constructed of six different
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You have sequenced the genome of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium and find a protein that is 100 percent identical to a protein in the bacterium Escherichia coli. When you compare nucleotide sequences of the S. typhimurium and E. coli genes, you find that their nucleotide sequences are only 87 percent identical. How would you interpret the observations? Please make sure to select ALL correct answer options.
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Because genetic code is redundant, changes in the DNA nucleotide sequence can occur without change to its encoded protein.
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Due to the flexibility in the third positions of most codons, the DNA sequence can accumulate changes without affecting protein structure.
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Natural selection will eliminate many deleterious amino acid changes. This will reduce the rate of change in the amino acid sequence and lead to sequence conservation of the proteins.
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Protein sequences are expected to evolve and…
You have sequenced the genome of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium and find
a protein that is 100 percent identical to a protein in the bacterium Escherichia coli.
When you compare nucleotide sequences of the S. typhimurium and E. coli genes,
you find that their nucleotide sequences are only 87 percent identical. How would
you interpret the observations? Please make sure to select ALL correct answer
options.
Because genetic code is redundant, changes in the DNA nucleotide sequence
can occur without change to its encoded protein.
Due to the flexibility in the third positions of most codons, the DNA sequence
can accumulate changes without affecting protein structure.
Natural selection will eliminate many deleterious amino acid changes. This will
reduce the rate of change in the amino acid sequence and lead to sequence
conservation of the proteins.
Protein sequences are expected to evolve and diverge more slowly than the
genes that encode them.
E. How many nucleotides would be required to generate a polypeptide that is 15
amino acids long? This requires knowing how many nucleotides of DNA code for
one amino acid.
F. Assuming that there are between 20,000-25,000 genes in the human genome, do
you think there are 1) fewer, 2) approximately the same number, or 3) more
proteins in the human genome? Explain your answer.
Chapter 12 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (11th Edition)
Ch. 12.1 - describe the experiments of Griffith; Avery,...Ch. 12.1 - explain why these experiments showed that DNA is...Ch. 12.2 - Some viruses, such as the tobacco mosaic virus...Ch. 12.2 - Which do you think would be more difficult to...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 12.3 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 12.3 - Muscles, Mutations, and Myostatin The sequence of...Ch. 12.3 - How Much Genes Influence Athletic Prowess?Ch. 12.4 - describe the process of DNA replication, including...Ch. 12.4 - explain why DNA replication is called...
Ch. 12.4 - Muscles, Mutations, and Myostatin "Double-muscled"...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 1TCCh. 12.5 - explain what mutations are and how they occur?Ch. 12.5 - explain why mutations are rare?Ch. 12.5 - describe the different types of mutations?Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 12 - If a parental DNA strand has the base sequence...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2MCCh. 12 - Prob. 3MCCh. 12 - The rungs of the DNA double helix consist of a....Ch. 12 - Prob. 5MCCh. 12 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 1RQCh. 12 - Prob. 2RQCh. 12 - Describe the structure of DNA. Where are the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 4RQCh. 12 - Describe the process of DNA replication.Ch. 12 - How do mutations occur? Describe the principal...Ch. 12 - In an alternate universe, although proteins are...Ch. 12 - Genetic information is encoded in the sequence of...
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