Concept explainers
(1)
To determine:
How a microbiologist could determine that the fungal infection in a patient’s lung was ascomycete instead of a basidiomycete. Why aspergillosis is emerging as a new disease. Why a powerful drug like voriconazole is effective against fungi and comparatively harmless to humans.
Case summary:
The patient was not in a good shape. He had nothing to do with his physique or to spend time at the gym but had to do with the ball of
Unfortunately, the disease has not peaked yet for the patient. The fungus Aspergillus invaded his blood and even progressed toward his brain. The symptoms and signs of invasive aspergillosis would be an excessive weakness, extreme tiredness, severe headaches, and delirium which were found to be his daily companion. One side of his body might also be paralyzed.
The patient spent four weeks in the hospital. The brain was being pierced by thin hyphal threads. His personality was almost worsened and he can’t able to get hold of himself. At any time, he would lapse into unconsciousness.
A new antifungal drug (voriconazole) brought the patient back to life. A medical miracle happened with the help of this drug, and the invasive mold was defeated.
(2)
To explain:
Why aspergillosis is emerging as a “new” disease.
Case summary:
The patient was not in a good shape. He had nothing to do with his physique or to spend time at the gym but had to do with the ball of fungus that is present in his right lung. Aspergilloma is a fungal sphere that occurred by the single spore of Aspergillus (an ascomycete fungus). The mold had formed by the fungal hyphae mass that invades his lung airways and killing him slowly. This kind of bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is a rare but frequently increasing pathogen in immunocompromised people. Apart from difficulty in fever, chest pain, and breathing, the patient hated the most was coughing up of bloody mucus. He coughed up his lung pieces out.
Unfortunately, the disease has not peaked yet for the patient. The fungus Aspergillus invaded his blood and even progressed toward his brain. The symptoms and signs of invasive aspergillosis would be an excessive weakness, extreme tiredness, severe headaches, and delirium which were found to be his daily companion. One side of his body might also be paralyzed.
The patient spent four weeks in the hospital. The brain was being pierced by thin hyphal threads. His personality was almost worsened and he can’t able to get hold of himself. At any time, he would lapse into unconsciousness.
A new antifungal drug (voriconazole) brought the patient back to life. A medical miracle happened with the help of this drug, and the invasive mold was defeated.
(3)
To define:
Why voriconazole drug is effective against fungi and harmless to humans.
Case summary:
The patient was not in a good shape. He had nothing to do with his physique or to spend time at the gym but had to do with the ball of fungus that is present in his right lung. Aspergilloma is a fungal sphere that occurred by the single spore of Aspergillus (an ascomycete fungus). The mold had formed by the fungal hyphae mass that invades his lung airways and killing him slowly. This kind of bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is a rare but frequently increasing pathogen in immunocompromised people. Apart from difficulty in fever, chest pain, and breathing, the patient hated the most was coughing up of bloody mucus. He coughed up his lung pieces out.
Unfortunately, the disease has not peaked yet for the patient. The fungus Aspergillus invaded his blood and even progressed toward his brain. The symptoms and signs of invasive aspergillosis would be an excessive weakness, extreme tiredness, severe headaches, and delirium which were found to be his daily companion. One side of his body might also be paralyzed.
The patient spent four weeks in the hospital. The brain was being pierced by thin hyphal threads. His personality was almost worsened and he can’t able to get hold of himself. At any time, he would lapse into unconsciousness.
A new antifungal drug (voriconazole) brought the patient back to life. A medical miracle happened with the help of this drug, and the invasive mold was defeated.
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Chapter 12 Solutions
EBK MICROBIOLOGY:W/DISEASES BY BODY...-
- A 45-year-old florist presents to the general medical clinic with a pustule on the dorsal side of her right hand and nodules extending up the wrist as shown in the image attached.. She states that she hurt herself with metal wiring when she was making rose bouquets for a wedding. Microscopy of pus from the lesions shows cigar-shaped budding yeasts. Which of the following is the most likely causative agent of this patient's presentation? Answers A - E A Blastomyces dermatitidis B Candida albicans C D Coccidioides immitis Microsporum gypseum E Sporothrix schenckii O Question #12 attachment Jere Mammino, DOarrow_forwardA 38 year-old woman went to a hospital and complained of a non-productive cough and dyspnea, which has progressed over two weeks. Based on physical examination, she was pale, diaphoretic and in acute respiratory distress. According to her, she had a sexual contact with his partner for the past weeks. The physician ordered laboratory tests and results revealed that the CD4 count was significantly low. What fungal complications the patient may develop and why?arrow_forwardLyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi) 2. Shape and arrangement of your pathogen Borrelia burgdorferi more famously known as Lyme disease has a spiral shape and an arrangement called spirochete which are spiral-shaped bacteria that resemble a long coil. 3. Type of flagella, number, and correctly named arrangement of the flagella (example: monotrichous) Because Borrelia burgdorferi is a spirochete they have a unique way in which they move. They have what’s called axial filaments. Axial filaments lap themselves around the bacteria between the cell wall and an outer sheath and are bound at the ends of the bacteria. The fibrils then spin and help move the bacteria in a spiral form. A good example of this motion would be a drill and a drill bit. They are also known as Endoflagella. 4. Capsule or not (If yes, describe what is it made from) Borrelia burgdorferi doesn’t have capsules but what’s called a slime layer. In recent studies done by researcher Misha Kudryashev he was…arrow_forward
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- 4- Lacunae 3arrow_forwardYour 3-month-old son is taken to the emergency room because he has a fever and difficulty breathing. The child is admitted to intensive care because the doctor thinks he has a type of pneumonia whose name you do not recognize. The doctor reports that the hospital has seen a dozen pediatric cases of this pneumonia in the past week. The doctor swabs your son’s nose but says the results won’t be back for several days. In the meantime, they will give supportive therapy, including an inhaled spray, but no antibacterial drugs. The doctor feels sure the child will recover. 1. What kind of pneumonia is it? 2. Why aren’t they giving him antibacterial drugs? 3. How can the doctor be sure what’s causing the pneumonia if she doesn’t yet have test results? 4. Has the other child (a 3 years-old) been exposed to the infection?arrow_forward***-*****CASE ANALYSIS: CESTODES AND TREMATODES Patient ID: B.E, a 16 year old male from Bacacay, Albay. A Senior high student of Bicol University, Roman Catholic. Chief compliant: Bloody stool History of present illness: 3 months PTA the patient went swimming with his classmates during the Holidays to celebrate their admission in Bicol University. They went to a freshwater spring near their residence. They noticed after swimming, the presence of dermatitis, pruritis on their lower back and both lower extremities. The symptoms disappeared within 1 week so no consult or medication was done. 1 week PTA the patient experienced fever, myalgia, general malaise, fatigue, headache, nonproductive cough and abdominal pain. No skin manifestations were noted. The patient did not seek consult due to the COVID-19 pandemic and opt to self-isolate in his room and took 500 mg paracetamol 4 times in 24 hours but afforded temporary relief. 3 days PTA the patient experienced persistence of the above…arrow_forward
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- Microbiology for Surgical Technologists (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781111306663Author:Margaret Rodriguez, Paul PricePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Medical Terminology for Health Professions, Spira...Health & NutritionISBN:9781305634350Author:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. SchroederPublisher:Cengage Learning
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