Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 1.2, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
There are two ways of gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. The vertical gene transfer is the most common way. The transfer of genetic material from a mother cell to daughter cells through gametic fusion is the vertical gene transfer. Whereas, the transfer of genes from one organism to another organism without involving the gametic union. The transfer of an antibiotic resistance gene from one bacterial species to another is an example of a horizontal gene transfer.
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Part A: Which of the following is not a reason that microbes benefit from horizontal gene transfer?
cells can acquire useful traits quickly.
all new types of DNA are good.
genetic diversity is ehanced.
All examples are reasons that microbes benefit.
Part B:Transposable elements can do all of the following except
move from one position to another in a chromosome.
cause disruption in genes in which they insert.
move from one cell to another.
copy themselves, and the copy can insert somewhere else.
Antibiotic resistance is a real concern for the continued existence of humans. Bacteria exchange genes for antibiotic resistance through , leading to large populations of antibiotic individuals.
Group of answer choices
Vertical Gene Transfer
Asexual Reproduction
Horizontal Gene Transfer
Transfugation
Horizontal gene transfer is defined as
bacteria can acquire genes from other bacteria.
new genetic material is produced by sexual reproduction.
bacteria can transfer new genes via meiosis.
bacteria can transfer new genes via mitosis.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 1.1 - Look ahead to Figure 4.15. Which of these...Ch. 1.1 - The wing of a bird, the wing of an insect, and the...Ch. 1.1 - At which level of biological organization would...Ch. 1.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 1.2 - Among mammals, give two examples of how the tail...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 1.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 1.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 1.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 1.2 - Prob. 2TYK
Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 1.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 1.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 1.3 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 1.3 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 1 - A bird maintains a relatively stable internal body...Ch. 1 - Populations of organisms change over the course of...Ch. 1 - A bio1otst is studying the Living organisms in a...Ch. 1 - Which of the following is an example of horizontal...Ch. 1 - The scientific name for humans is Homo sapiens....Ch. 1 - The underlying factor that explains the unity and...Ch. 1 - By observing certain desert plants in their native...Ch. 1 - In science, a theory should be equated with...Ch. 1 - Conducting research without a preconceived...Ch. 1 - Prob. 10TYCh. 1 - Of the first eight characteristics of life...Ch. 1 - Explain how it is possible for evolution to result...Ch. 1 - In your own words, describe the 12 principles of...Ch. 1 - Discuss whether or not you think that theories in...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Which of the following bacterium is used for gene transfer in plants?a) Agrobacteriumb) Azatobacterc) Rhizobiumd) Ecoliarrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of horizontal genetransfer?a. The transfer of a gene from one strain of E. coli to a differentstrain via conjugationb. The transfer of a gene from one strain of E. coli to a differentstrain via transductionc. The transfer of an antibiotic resistance gene from E. coli toSalmonella typhimurium via transformationd. All of the above are examples of horizontal gene transfer.arrow_forwardParticles that transfer genetic material from one species to another, especially in marine prokaryotes: a. horizontal gene transfer b. lateral gene transfer c. genome fusion device d. gene transfer agentsarrow_forward
- Bacteria have an enormous ability to adapt to new conditions. Which two of the following are they main factors behind this phenomenon? New mutations occur continuously with very high frequency in the genome of bacteria Bacteria generally have small genomes Bacteria have a short generation time The rate of DNA synthesis is very high in bacteria Presence of a selection pressure.arrow_forwardCertain strains of bacteria that were killed by the antibiotic penicillin in the past are now resistant. The probable explanation for this is that the reproductive rate must have increased naturally. a mutation for resistance occurred that was passed on to succeeding generations because it had high survival value. the strains have become resistant because they needed to do so for survival. individual bacteria gradually became tolerant to increasing levels of penicillin over some time.arrow_forwardA mutation occurs in a single bacterium that causes it to produce a new enzyme. This enzyme helps the bacterium process nutrients more efficiently, increasing the bacterium's odds of survival. Every 30 minutes, the bacteria in the colony divide, passing their genes on to their offspring. Some bacteria survive, while others do not. Because resources are limited, the colony has a steady population of 114 bacteria. The bacterial colony is shown below at three different time intervals. The picture would be here: Assume that the survival trend shown in the diagram continues. At 3.0 hours, the mutant bacteria will make up _____ percent of the entire colony.arrow_forward
- Particles that transfer genetic material from one species to another, especially in marine prokaryotes horizontal gene transfer lateral gene transfer genome fusion device gene transfer agentsarrow_forwarde. coli is commonly found in the human Microbiome. while most strains are harmless some can cause various illnesses ranging from urinary track infections to severe gastroenteritis. which of the following is a primary mechanism by which e. coli obtains its pathogenicity? A. Vertical gene transfer from parent to offspring B. Endosymbiosis with other bacteria C. Mutation in the bacterial chromosome D. Horizontal gene transfer from other Bacteria or the environmentarrow_forwardMutations in DNA of an organism can be ___________________. harmful to the organism beneficial to the organism have no effect on the organism all of the abovearrow_forward
- Binary fission is used in which of the following DNA transfers? Horizontal Gene Transfer Vertical Gene Transfer Crossing Over Conjugationarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements correctly describes a process by which bacteria become resistant to antibiotics? A. bacteria reproduce slowly, allowing mutation to become widespread in a population. B. some bacteria produce exotoxins that breakdown antibiotics, rendering them nonfunctional C. conjugation spreads antibiotic resistance genes rapidly in a population D. antibiotics cause mutation in bacteria, making them resistant.arrow_forwardFill in the Blank. Round it to the nearest whole number. A mutation occurs in a single bacterium that causes it to produce a new enzyme. This enzyme helps the bacterium process nutrients more efficiently, increasing the bacterium's odds of survival. Every 30 minutes, the bacteria in the colony divide, passing their genes on to their offspring. Some bacteria survive, while others do not. Because resources are limited, the colony has a steady population of 114 bacteria. The bacterial colony is shown below at three different time intervals. The picture would be here: Assume that the survival trend shown in the diagram continues. At 3.0 hours, the mutant bacteria will make up _____ percent of the entire colony.arrow_forward
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