Biochemistry: Concepts and Connections (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134641621
Author: Dean R. Appling, Spencer J. Anthony-Cahill, Christopher K. Mathews
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 2P
Methanol is highly toxic, not because of its own biological activity but because it is converted
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Another antidote for methanol poisoning is fomepizole, which is an aldehyde dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitor. Would fomepizole be more or less effective than ethanol? Explain your reasoning.
Alcohol dehydrogenase is the enzyme that converts alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Explain how methanol poisoning can be treated with ethanol.
Alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of an alcohol to the next highest state of oxidation, an aldehyde. How does this partially explain the toxicity of methanol?
Chapter 12 Solutions
Biochemistry: Concepts and Connections (2nd Edition)
Ch. 12 - Prob. 1PCh. 12 - Methanol is highly toxic, not because of its own...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3PCh. 12 - Prob. 4PCh. 12 - Prob. 5PCh. 12 - Write balanced chemical equations for each of the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 7PCh. 12 - Prob. 8PCh. 12 - Prob. 9PCh. 12 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 12 - Some anaerobic bacteria use alternative pathways...Ch. 12 - Write a pathway leading from glucose to lactose in...Ch. 12 - Prob. 13PCh. 12 - Prob. 14PCh. 12 - Prob. 15PCh. 12 - How many ATP equivalents are consumed in the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 17PCh. 12 - Avidin is a protein that binds extremely tightly...Ch. 12 - 14CO2 was bubbled through a suspension of liver...Ch. 12 - Prob. 20PCh. 12 - Prob. 21PCh. 12 - Prob. 22PCh. 12 - Prob. 23PCh. 12 - 24. Glycogen synthesis and breakdown are regulated...Ch. 12 - Prob. 25PCh. 12 - Prob. 26PCh. 12 - Prob. 27PCh. 12 - Prob. 28PCh. 12 - 29 [1-14C] Ribose-5-phosphate is incubated with a...Ch. 12 - Prob. 30PCh. 12 - Prob. 31PCh. 12 - Prob. 32PCh. 12 - Prob. 33P
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- Thioesters, common in biochemistry, are more unstable (energy-rich) than oxygen esters. Explain why this is the case.arrow_forwardInfants do not have the ability to metabolize ethanol and are assumed to lack the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase? What kind of regulation is this?arrow_forwardThe citric acid cycle operates only when O2 is present, yet O2 is not a substrate for the cycle. Explain.arrow_forward
- Mitochondria are important organelles for energy production. Why do mitochondria contain dehydrogenases?arrow_forwardWhy is it that the carboxylate "ions" actually partake in the citric acid cycle ratherthan the carboxylic acid? Explain using an examplearrow_forwardBefore any oxidation can occur in the citric acid cycle, citrate must be isomerized into isocitrate. Why is this the case?arrow_forward
- Caffeine, a methylated xanthine found in chocolate, coffee, and tea, is excreted as uric acid. Use your knowledge of the metabolism of other purine compounds to suggest how caffeine is metabolized.arrow_forwardAlcohol dehydrogenase, found in liver cells, converts ethanol into cetaldehyde. What type of protein is alcohol dehydrogenase?arrow_forwardAll coenzymes are cofactors, but not all cofactors are coenzymes. Explain this statement briefly.arrow_forward
- This is a conjectural question: If the reactive part of coenzyme A is the thioester, why is the molecule socomplicated?arrow_forwardIn eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the _____________.arrow_forwardAll coenzymes are cofactors, but not all cofactors are coenzymes. Explain this statement.arrow_forward
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