Principles of Economics 2e
Principles of Economics 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172364
Author: Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 12, Problem 5SCQ

Consider two approaches to reducing emissions of CO 2 into the environment from manufacturing industries in the United States. In the first approach, the U.S. government makes it a policy to use only predetermined technologies. In the second approach, the U.S. government determines which technologies are cleaner and subsidizes their use. Of the two approaches, which is the command-and-control policy?

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Imagine that in the state of California a chemical producing firms has a marketable permit that allows 800 tons of emissions. However, the marketable permit is shrinkable, and the firm will only be allowed 400 tons of emissions next year. The chemical producing firm estimates that its actual emissions next year will be 500 tons.  Which of the following actions would be in the best interest of the chemical producing firm? Group of answer choices sell a marketable permit allowing for 100 tons of emissions not to buy or sell a marketable permit buy a marketable permit allowing for 100 tons of emissions buy a marketable permit allowing for 500 tons of emissions
Please explain each solution step by step.Consider an economy with 2 plants, A and B, whose operations produce emissions. The graphs show the marginal benefits (MB) to each plant from its emissions on the y-axis (in Euros) and the quantity of emissions in tons on the x-axis. The graph on the left represents the case when the government imposes a limit on emissions. The graph on the right represents the case when the government imposes a tax on emissions.a) let’s say the government limits the emissions of each plant at 4 tons. The marginal benefit of 4 tons of emissions to plant A is 2 euros. Referring to the graph on left, what is the welfare loss to plant A from the limit imposed by the government? (euros)b) now let’s say the government sets a unit tax on emissions of 6 euros. Under this tax, plant B will produce 6 tons of emissions and plant A will produce 2 tons of emissions. Referring to the graph on the right, what is the total net welfare from the imposition of the tax?…
Please explain each solution step by step. Consider an economy with 2 plants, A and B, whose operations produce emissions. The graphs show the marginal benefits (MB) to each plant from its emissions on the y-axis (in Euros) and the quantity of emissions in tons on the x-axis. The graph on the left represents the case when the government imposes a limit on emissions. The graph on the right represents the case when the government imposes a tax on emissions. a) let's say the government limits the emissions of each plant at 4 tons. The marginal benefit of 4 tons of emissions to plant A is 2 euros. Referring to the graph on left, what is the welfare loss to plant A from the limit imposed by the government? (euros) b) now let's say the government sets a unit tax on emissions of 6 euros. Under this tax, plant B will produce 6 tons of emissions and plant A will produce 2 tons of emissions. Referring to the graph on the right, what is the total net welfare from the imposition of the tax?…

Chapter 12 Solutions

Principles of Economics 2e

Ch. 12 - The state of Colorado requires oil and gas...Ch. 12 - Consider the case of global environmental problems...Ch. 12 - A country called Sherwood is very heavily covered...Ch. 12 - What is an externality?Ch. 12 - Give an example of a positive externality and an...Ch. 12 - What is the difference between private costs and...Ch. 12 - In a market without environmental regulations,...Ch. 12 - What is command-and-control environmental...Ch. 12 - What are the three problems that economists have...Ch. 12 - What is a pollution charge and what incentive does...Ch. 12 - What is a marketable permit and what incentive...Ch. 12 - What are better-defined property rights and what...Ch. 12 - As the extent of environmental protection expands,...Ch. 12 - As the extent of environmental protection expands,...Ch. 12 - What are the economic tradeoffs between low-income...Ch. 12 - What arguments d0 low-income countries make in...Ch. 12 - In the tradeoff between economic output and...Ch. 12 - What does a point inside the production...Ch. 12 - Suppose you want to put a dollar value on the...Ch. 12 - Would environmentalists favor command-and-control...Ch. 12 - Consider two ways of protecting elephants from...Ch. 12 - Will a system of marketable permits work with...Ch. 12 - Is zero pollution possible under a marketable...Ch. 12 - Is zero pollution an optimal goal? Way or why not?Ch. 12 - From an economic perspective, is it sound policy...Ch. 12 - Recycling is a relatively inexpensive solution to...Ch. 12 - Can extreme levels of pollution hurt the economic...Ch. 12 - How can high-income countries benefit from...Ch. 12 - Technological innovations shift the production...Ch. 12 - Show the market for cigarettes in equilibrium,...Ch. 12 - Refer to Table 12.2. The externality created by...Ch. 12 - Table 12.12, shows the supply and demand...Ch. 12 - A city currently emits 15 million gallons (MG) of...Ch. 12 - In the Land of Purity, there is only one form of...
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