What Is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781319065447
Author: Jay Phelan
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 12, Problem 7MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Adaptive radiation is the explosion of a small number of species into a much larger number of species, that are diverse.
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Adaptive radiations can be a direct consequence of three of the following four factors. Select the factor that is NOT a direct consequence of adaptive radiation.
Select one:
a. Genetic drift
b. Vacant ecological niches (niches are environment "space" where a particular organism has resources required to survive and reproduce)
c. New evolutionary innovations
d. Colonization of a new region that contains suitable habitat and few competitor species
The Galapagos archipelago consists of volcanic islands that formed within the last 5 million years. Darwin wrote of the finches on these islands, "...from an original paucity of birds in this archipelago, one species has been taken and modified for different ends." The Galapagos finches are an example of adaptive radiation driven by
a.
behavioural innovation.
b.
morphological innovation.
c.
ecological opportunity.
d.
physiological innovation.
Adaptive radiation is common following a period of mass extinction, probably because (a) the survivors of a mass extinction are remarkably well adapted to their environment (b) the unchanging environment following a mass extinction drives the evolutionary process (c) many adaptive zones are empty(d) many ecological niches are filled (e) the environment induces changes in the timing of development for many species
Chapter 12 Solutions
What Is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
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- The adaptive radiation of mammals following the extinction of the dinosaurs is an example of adaptive radiation due to a. physiological innovation. b. ecological opportunity. c. morphological innovation. d. behavioural innovation.arrow_forwardAssume you are studying the fossil record of a certain lineage of sharks. You find that sharks in this lineage will maintain the same morphology for long periods of time and only rapidly change their morphology during a speciation event. The evidence you uncover is supportive of which of the following theories? a. Punctuated Equilibrium b. Gradualism c. Start and Stasis d. Increased Net Tempoarrow_forwardAdaptive radiation a. is the result of enriched uranium used in power plants. b. is the evolution of closely related species adapted to use different parts of the environment. c. results from genetic drift. d. is the outcome of stabilizing selection favoring the maintenance of adaptive traits.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is microevolution? A. The average wing length of a single population of pigeons living in New York City decreased over a period of 150 years b. the growth and wing-size of a single population of Florida Jaybirds originally living in Destin, Florida has steadily declined and decreased over 25 years C. A woman's leg muscles increase in strength and bulk after he starts working out D. A and Barrow_forwardAfter the mass extinction that occurred 65 million years ago, mammals rapidly diversified to occupy habitats that were previously unavailable to them. What concept does this illustrate? A. Adaptive radiation B. Cretaceous selection C. Reproductive isolationD. Heterozygote advantagearrow_forwardWhich of the following terms most specifically describes what occurs when a group of organisms expands to take on new ecological roles, forming new species and higher taxonomic groups in the process? (a) speciation (b) mass extinction (c) evolution (d) adaptive radiationarrow_forward
- An adaptive radiation is________. a. a burst of speciation b. a healthy level of UV radiation c. a hypothesized cause of a mass extinction d. evidence of an asteroid impactarrow_forwardWhat is Macroevolution? A) The change of a population over several generations B) The history of a species from its origin C) The history of all populations and their descendantsarrow_forwardWhat is Allopatric speciation? A) When a population is separated from the main group by a barrier and becomes a new species B) When a population mutates into a new species C) When a population develops into a new species without any physical barriers to isolate themarrow_forward
- An extinction vortex describes a) changes in a population’s gene pool that lead to a loss in fitness across time. b) a species ability to adapt to changes in their environment. c) the continuous series of extinctions caused by competition between species. d) a population that has a reduction in fitness because it cannot escape a Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.arrow_forwardA. How do you compare the diversity of population between the main landand an island?B. How do the mechanisms of evolution contribute to the extinction ofother organisms?arrow_forwardSuppose that a type of tree tends to speciate over 10 million years and a species of fly tends to speciate over 1 million years. In the event of a mass extinction, which of the following predictions would LIKELY be true? A. It is impossible to determine how many niches or species the trees and flies would lead to over time. B. The trees would fill more niches and create more species than the flies. C. The flies would fill more niches and create more species than the trees. D. They would both lead to the same number of species.arrow_forward
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