(a) Interpretation: The differences between the use of a hydrogen discharge lamp and deuterium discharge lamps as source for the ultraviolet radiations are to be explained. Concept introduction: The hydrogen discharge lamp as well as the deuterium discharge lamps are used to produce the radiations of ultraviolet radiations having the radiations of varied intensity depending on the usage of the discharge source in the lamp.

Question

Describe the differences between the following and list any particular advantages possessed by one over the other. a.hydrogen and deuterium discharge lamps as sources for UV radiation. b.filters and monochromators as wavelength selectors. c.photovoltaic cells and phototubes as detectors for electromagnetic radiation. d.photodiodes and photomultiplier tubes. e.double-beam-in-space and double-beam-in-time spectrophotometers. f.spectrophotometers and photometers. g.single-beam and double-beam instruments for absorbance measurements. h.conventional and multichannel spectrophotometers.

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 13.13QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The differences between the use of a hydrogen discharge lamp and deuterium discharge lamps as source for the ultraviolet radiations are to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The hydrogen discharge lamp as well as the deuterium discharge lamps are used to produce the radiations of ultraviolet radiations having the radiations of varied intensity depending on the usage of the discharge source in the lamp.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of the filters and the monochromators as the wavelength selectors is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The filters and the monochromators are specifically used for the selection of wavelength, but they are used differently based on their quantitative and qualitative applications. The filters as well as the monochromators are used as the wavelength selectors.But they both have their own fields of application.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of photovoltaic cells and the phototubes as the electromagnetic radiations detectors is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photovoltaic cells as well as the phototubes work on the same principle. They both make use of the electromagnetic radiations incident on them to give their respective outputs. The cells give the current and voltage as output whereas the phototubes work on the low range of radiations and give other electrical signals.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of the photodiodes and the photomultiuplier tubes is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photodiodes as well as the photomultiplier tubes both make use of the light signals incident on them and produce the required electric signal as per their use.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The difference between use of the double beam in space and double beam in time spectrophotometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The both spectrophotometers make use of the two beams from the source and these beams are divided and transmitted by using a beam splitter.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The difference between the spectrophotometers and the photometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photometers and the spectrophotometer are used to determine the spectrum of the radiations, and they are different from each other in terms of wavelength selector used in them.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The difference between the single beam and double beam instruments for absorbance measurements is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The single beam and double beam instruments for absorbance measurements make use of the intensity of the light to measure the absorbance.The double beam instrument makes use of the two beams whereas the single beam make use of single beam.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The difference between the conventional and the multichannel spectrophotometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The multichannel spectrophotometers take only a second to record the full spectrum, whereas, the conventional spectrophotometers may take even minutes to record a single spectrum.

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Describe the differences between the following and list any particular advantages possessed by one over the other. a.hydrogen and deuterium discharge lamps as sources for UV radiation. b.filters and monochromators as wavelength selectors. c.photovoltaic cells and phototubes as detectors for electromagnetic radiation. d.photodiodes and photomultiplier tubes. e.double-beam-in-space and double-beam-in-time spectrophotometers. f.spectrophotometers and photometers. g.single-beam and double-beam instruments for absorbance measurements. h.conventional and multichannel spectrophotometers.

Q.8(a)Describe the difference between the following and list any particular advantages possessed by one over the other.(i) Hydrogen and deuterium discharge lamps as sources for ultraviolet radiations.(ii) Filters and Monochromators as wavelength selectors.(iii) Photovoltaic cells and phototubes as detectors for electromagnetic radiations.(iv) Single beam and double beam instruments for absorbance measurements

If you are measuring manganese (Mn) absorption using AAS, which hollow cathode lamp would you select as your source and why?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 13.13QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The differences between the use of a hydrogen discharge lamp and deuterium discharge lamps as source for the ultraviolet radiations are to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The hydrogen discharge lamp as well as the deuterium discharge lamps are used to produce the radiations of ultraviolet radiations having the radiations of varied intensity depending on the usage of the discharge source in the lamp.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of the filters and the monochromators as the wavelength selectors is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The filters and the monochromators are specifically used for the selection of wavelength, but they are used differently based on their quantitative and qualitative applications. The filters as well as the monochromators are used as the wavelength selectors.But they both have their own fields of application.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of photovoltaic cells and the phototubes as the electromagnetic radiations detectors is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photovoltaic cells as well as the phototubes work on the same principle. They both make use of the electromagnetic radiations incident on them to give their respective outputs. The cells give the current and voltage as output whereas the phototubes work on the low range of radiations and give other electrical signals.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of the photodiodes and the photomultiuplier tubes is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photodiodes as well as the photomultiplier tubes both make use of the light signals incident on them and produce the required electric signal as per their use.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The difference between use of the double beam in space and double beam in time spectrophotometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The both spectrophotometers make use of the two beams from the source and these beams are divided and transmitted by using a beam splitter.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The difference between the spectrophotometers and the photometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photometers and the spectrophotometer are used to determine the spectrum of the radiations, and they are different from each other in terms of wavelength selector used in them.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The difference between the single beam and double beam instruments for absorbance measurements is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The single beam and double beam instruments for absorbance measurements make use of the intensity of the light to measure the absorbance.The double beam instrument makes use of the two beams whereas the single beam make use of single beam.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The difference between the conventional and the multichannel spectrophotometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The multichannel spectrophotometers take only a second to record the full spectrum, whereas, the conventional spectrophotometers may take even minutes to record a single spectrum.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 13.13QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The differences between the use of a hydrogen discharge lamp and deuterium discharge lamps as source for the ultraviolet radiations are to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The hydrogen discharge lamp as well as the deuterium discharge lamps are used to produce the radiations of ultraviolet radiations having the radiations of varied intensity depending on the usage of the discharge source in the lamp.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of the filters and the monochromators as the wavelength selectors is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The filters and the monochromators are specifically used for the selection of wavelength, but they are used differently based on their quantitative and qualitative applications. The filters as well as the monochromators are used as the wavelength selectors.But they both have their own fields of application.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of photovoltaic cells and the phototubes as the electromagnetic radiations detectors is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photovoltaic cells as well as the phototubes work on the same principle. They both make use of the electromagnetic radiations incident on them to give their respective outputs. The cells give the current and voltage as output whereas the phototubes work on the low range of radiations and give other electrical signals.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of the photodiodes and the photomultiuplier tubes is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photodiodes as well as the photomultiplier tubes both make use of the light signals incident on them and produce the required electric signal as per their use.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The difference between use of the double beam in space and double beam in time spectrophotometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The both spectrophotometers make use of the two beams from the source and these beams are divided and transmitted by using a beam splitter.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The difference between the spectrophotometers and the photometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photometers and the spectrophotometer are used to determine the spectrum of the radiations, and they are different from each other in terms of wavelength selector used in them.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The difference between the single beam and double beam instruments for absorbance measurements is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The single beam and double beam instruments for absorbance measurements make use of the intensity of the light to measure the absorbance.The double beam instrument makes use of the two beams whereas the single beam make use of single beam.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The difference between the conventional and the multichannel spectrophotometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The multichannel spectrophotometers take only a second to record the full spectrum, whereas, the conventional spectrophotometers may take even minutes to record a single spectrum.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 13.13QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The differences between the use of a hydrogen discharge lamp and deuterium discharge lamps as source for the ultraviolet radiations are to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The hydrogen discharge lamp as well as the deuterium discharge lamps are used to produce the radiations of ultraviolet radiations having the radiations of varied intensity depending on the usage of the discharge source in the lamp.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of the filters and the monochromators as the wavelength selectors is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The filters and the monochromators are specifically used for the selection of wavelength, but they are used differently based on their quantitative and qualitative applications. The filters as well as the monochromators are used as the wavelength selectors.But they both have their own fields of application.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of photovoltaic cells and the phototubes as the electromagnetic radiations detectors is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photovoltaic cells as well as the phototubes work on the same principle. They both make use of the electromagnetic radiations incident on them to give their respective outputs. The cells give the current and voltage as output whereas the phototubes work on the low range of radiations and give other electrical signals.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of the photodiodes and the photomultiuplier tubes is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photodiodes as well as the photomultiplier tubes both make use of the light signals incident on them and produce the required electric signal as per their use.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The difference between use of the double beam in space and double beam in time spectrophotometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The both spectrophotometers make use of the two beams from the source and these beams are divided and transmitted by using a beam splitter.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The difference between the spectrophotometers and the photometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photometers and the spectrophotometer are used to determine the spectrum of the radiations, and they are different from each other in terms of wavelength selector used in them.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The difference between the single beam and double beam instruments for absorbance measurements is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The single beam and double beam instruments for absorbance measurements make use of the intensity of the light to measure the absorbance.The double beam instrument makes use of the two beams whereas the single beam make use of single beam.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The difference between the conventional and the multichannel spectrophotometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The multichannel spectrophotometers take only a second to record the full spectrum, whereas, the conventional spectrophotometers may take even minutes to record a single spectrum.

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Answer 5

Chapter 13, Problem 13.13QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The differences between the use of a hydrogen discharge lamp and deuterium discharge lamps as source for the ultraviolet radiations are to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The hydrogen discharge lamp as well as the deuterium discharge lamps are used to produce the radiations of ultraviolet radiations having the radiations of varied intensity depending on the usage of the discharge source in the lamp.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of the filters and the monochromators as the wavelength selectors is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The filters and the monochromators are specifically used for the selection of wavelength, but they are used differently based on their quantitative and qualitative applications. The filters as well as the monochromators are used as the wavelength selectors.But they both have their own fields of application.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of photovoltaic cells and the phototubes as the electromagnetic radiations detectors is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photovoltaic cells as well as the phototubes work on the same principle. They both make use of the electromagnetic radiations incident on them to give their respective outputs. The cells give the current and voltage as output whereas the phototubes work on the low range of radiations and give other electrical signals.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of the photodiodes and the photomultiuplier tubes is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photodiodes as well as the photomultiplier tubes both make use of the light signals incident on them and produce the required electric signal as per their use.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The difference between use of the double beam in space and double beam in time spectrophotometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The both spectrophotometers make use of the two beams from the source and these beams are divided and transmitted by using a beam splitter.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The difference between the spectrophotometers and the photometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photometers and the spectrophotometer are used to determine the spectrum of the radiations, and they are different from each other in terms of wavelength selector used in them.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The difference between the single beam and double beam instruments for absorbance measurements is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The single beam and double beam instruments for absorbance measurements make use of the intensity of the light to measure the absorbance.The double beam instrument makes use of the two beams whereas the single beam make use of single beam.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The difference between the conventional and the multichannel spectrophotometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The multichannel spectrophotometers take only a second to record the full spectrum, whereas, the conventional spectrophotometers may take even minutes to record a single spectrum.

Answer 6

Chapter 13, Problem 13.13QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The differences between the use of a hydrogen discharge lamp and deuterium discharge lamps as source for the ultraviolet radiations are to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The hydrogen discharge lamp as well as the deuterium discharge lamps are used to produce the radiations of ultraviolet radiations having the radiations of varied intensity depending on the usage of the discharge source in the lamp.

Answer 7

Chapter 13, Problem 13.13QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The differences between the use of a hydrogen discharge lamp and deuterium discharge lamps as source for the ultraviolet radiations are to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The hydrogen discharge lamp as well as the deuterium discharge lamps are used to produce the radiations of ultraviolet radiations having the radiations of varied intensity depending on the usage of the discharge source in the lamp.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of the filters and the monochromators as the wavelength selectors is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The filters and the monochromators are specifically used for the selection of wavelength, but they are used differently based on their quantitative and qualitative applications. The filters as well as the monochromators are used as the wavelength selectors.But they both have their own fields of application.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of the filters and the monochromators as the wavelength selectors is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The filters and the monochromators are specifically used for the selection of wavelength, but they are used differently based on their quantitative and qualitative applications. The filters as well as the monochromators are used as the wavelength selectors.But they both have their own fields of application.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of photovoltaic cells and the phototubes as the electromagnetic radiations detectors is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photovoltaic cells as well as the phototubes work on the same principle. They both make use of the electromagnetic radiations incident on them to give their respective outputs. The cells give the current and voltage as output whereas the phototubes work on the low range of radiations and give other electrical signals.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of photovoltaic cells and the phototubes as the electromagnetic radiations detectors is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photovoltaic cells as well as the phototubes work on the same principle. They both make use of the electromagnetic radiations incident on them to give their respective outputs. The cells give the current and voltage as output whereas the phototubes work on the low range of radiations and give other electrical signals.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of the photodiodes and the photomultiuplier tubes is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photodiodes as well as the photomultiplier tubes both make use of the light signals incident on them and produce the required electric signal as per their use.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The difference between the use of the photodiodes and the photomultiuplier tubes is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photodiodes as well as the photomultiplier tubes both make use of the light signals incident on them and produce the required electric signal as per their use.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The difference between use of the double beam in space and double beam in time spectrophotometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The both spectrophotometers make use of the two beams from the source and these beams are divided and transmitted by using a beam splitter.

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The difference between use of the double beam in space and double beam in time spectrophotometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The both spectrophotometers make use of the two beams from the source and these beams are divided and transmitted by using a beam splitter.

Answer 16

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The difference between the spectrophotometers and the photometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photometers and the spectrophotometer are used to determine the spectrum of the radiations, and they are different from each other in terms of wavelength selector used in them.

Answer 17

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The difference between the spectrophotometers and the photometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The photometers and the spectrophotometer are used to determine the spectrum of the radiations, and they are different from each other in terms of wavelength selector used in them.

Answer 18

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The difference between the single beam and double beam instruments for absorbance measurements is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The single beam and double beam instruments for absorbance measurements make use of the intensity of the light to measure the absorbance.The double beam instrument makes use of the two beams whereas the single beam make use of single beam.

Answer 19

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The difference between the single beam and double beam instruments for absorbance measurements is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The single beam and double beam instruments for absorbance measurements make use of the intensity of the light to measure the absorbance.The double beam instrument makes use of the two beams whereas the single beam make use of single beam.

Answer 20

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The difference between the conventional and the multichannel spectrophotometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The multichannel spectrophotometers take only a second to record the full spectrum, whereas, the conventional spectrophotometers may take even minutes to record a single spectrum.

Answer 21

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The difference between the conventional and the multichannel spectrophotometers is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The multichannel spectrophotometers take only a second to record the full spectrum, whereas, the conventional spectrophotometers may take even minutes to record a single spectrum.

Answer 22

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Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.1QAP Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.2QAP Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.3QAP Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.4QAP Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.5QAP Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.6QAP Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.7QAP Ch. 13 - At 580 nm, which is the wavelength of its maximum...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.9QAP Ch. 13 - Zinc(II) and the ligand L form a 1:1 complex that...

(e) Interpretation: The difference between use of the double beam in space and double beam in time spectrophotometers is to be explained. Concept introduction: The both spectrophotometers make use of the two beams from the source and these beams are divided and transmitted by using a beam splitter.

Chapter 13 Solutions