Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305960060
Author: Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 13, Problem 13.57E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The reason corresponding to the fact that dehydration reaction is favored at
Concept introduction:
The principle of LeChatelier’s states that if the system in equilibrium is restricted with the limitations like change of temperature, pressure or concentration then the equilibrium of the system shifts or disturbs to compensate the applied changes.
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True or False:1. When isopropyl alcohol reacts with HCl, the resulting product is 2-chloropropane2. Nucleophilic molecules are electron-rich molecules that can "attack" electron deficient molecules3. Based on the physical property, hydroquinone has a lower boiling point compared to catechol
1) identify the reactant/s in the chemical equation and circle it, also name its major functional group
2) identify the product/s in the chemical equation (circle it) and name its functional group
3) is the a reversible reaction or not? How do we know
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) is the alcohol found in beverages. It is oxidized in the body to acetaldehyde by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. Methanol (CH3OH), also known as wood alcohol, is converted to formaldehyde by the same enzyme. Acetaldehyde is toxic, but formaldehyde is far more toxic to humans, which is why the ingestion of relatively small amounts of methanol can cause blindness or death. One treatment for mild methanol poisoning is the administration of ethanol. Why might a doctor choose this treatment?
A. Ethanol likely irreversibly binds to alcohol dehydrogenase which prevents the formation of formaldehyde.
B. The doctor has given up on the patient and administers ethanol for sedation.
C. Ethanol must act as a competitive inhibitor for the alcohol dehydrogenase and therefore slows the formation of formaldehyde.
D. The ethanol is likely an uncompetitive inhibitor and binds to a site other than the active site of the enzyme.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
Ch. 13 - Draw general formulas for an alcohol and phenol,...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.2ECh. 13 - Assign IUPAC names to the following alcohols: a....Ch. 13 - Assign IUPAC names to the following alcohols: a....Ch. 13 - Several important alcohols are well known by...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.6ECh. 13 - Draw structural formulas for each of the...Ch. 13 - Draw structural formulas for each of the...Ch. 13 - Name each of the following as a derivative of...Ch. 13 - Name each of the following as a derivative of...
Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.11ECh. 13 - Draw structural formulas for each of the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.13ECh. 13 - Classify the following alcohols as primary,...Ch. 13 - Classify the following alcohols as primary,...Ch. 13 - Draw structural formulas for the four aliphatic...Ch. 13 - Why are the boiling points of alcohols much higher...Ch. 13 - Arrange the compounds of each group in order of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.19ECh. 13 - Draw structural formulas for the following...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.21ECh. 13 - Draw the structures of the chief product formed...Ch. 13 - Draw the structures of the chief product formed...Ch. 13 - Draw the structures of the ethers that can be...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.25ECh. 13 - Give the structure of an alcohol that could be...Ch. 13 - Give the structure of an alcohol that could be...Ch. 13 - What products would result from the following...Ch. 13 - What products would result from the following...Ch. 13 - Each of the following conversions requires more...Ch. 13 - Each of the following conversions requires more...Ch. 13 - The three-carbon diol used in antifreeze is It is...Ch. 13 - Methanol is fairly volatile and evaporates quickly...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.34ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.35ECh. 13 - Name an alcohol used in each of the following...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.37ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.38ECh. 13 - Assign a common name to each of the following...Ch. 13 - Assign a common name to each of the following...Ch. 13 - Assign the IUPAC name to each of the following...Ch. 13 - Assign the IUPAC name to each of the following...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.43ECh. 13 - Draw structural formulas for the following: a....Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.45ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.46ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.47ECh. 13 - Arrange the following compounds in order of...Ch. 13 - Arrange the compounds in Exercise 13.48 in order...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.50ECh. 13 - Complete the following reactions: a. b....Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.52ECh. 13 - Lipoic acid is required by many microorganisms for...Ch. 13 - Alcohols and thiols can both be oxidized in a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.55ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.56ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.57ECh. 13 - Thiols have lower boiling points and are less...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.59ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.60ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.61ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.62ECh. 13 - A mixture of ethanol and 1propanol is heated to...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.64ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.65ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.66ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.67ECh. 13 - Figure 13.8 points out that methanol is used as a...Ch. 13 - Figure 13.13 focuses on the use of thiol chemistry...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.70ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.71ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.72ECh. 13 - The compound that has the greatest polarity is: a....Ch. 13 - Alcoholic beverages contain: a. wood alcohol. b....Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.75ECh. 13 - Which of the following compounds is an ether? a....
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- Classify the following alcohols as primary, secondary, or tertiary: a. b. CH3CH2CH2CH2OH c.arrow_forwardIdentify the most important aldehyde and ketone from Section 14.4 on the basis of amount used, and list at least one characteristic for each that contributes to its usefulness.arrow_forwardArrange these compounds in order of increasing boiling point (values in C are 42, 24, 78, and 118). (a) CH3CH2OH (b) CH3OCH3 (c) CH3CH2CH3 (d) CH3COOHarrow_forward
- Arrange these compounds in order of increasing boiling point. (a) 1-butanol, butane, diethylether (b) hexane, 1-hexanol, dipropyletherarrow_forward14-24 2-Propanol (isopropyl alcohol) is commonly used as rubbing alcohol to cool the skin. 2-Hexanol, also a liquid, is not suitable for this purpose. Why?arrow_forwardArrange the following alcohols in increasing solubility in water ethanol 1-pentanol 1-propanol 1-hexanol I < II < III < IV IV < II < III < I IV > II > III > I I > II> III > IVarrow_forward
- What are some of the ways to ensure that fermentation is not disrupted?arrow_forwardAlcohols are really useful starting materials for chemical reactions, as they can be converted into many different organic compounds. For each of the following compounds tell me which alcohol you would need to use. The reaction I have in mind is a single reaction, not a multi step reaction process. Write out the name of the starting alcohol using proper IUPAC rules for naming. A) dipropyl ether B) cyclohexene C) 2,3-dinethylbutanal D) 2,2,4-trimethyl-3-hexanonearrow_forwardPlease help me with this Explain these reactions of alcohol (organic chemistry) 1. Substituition 2. Esterfication 3. Dehydration 4. Oxidation Then please write about the types of reactions for ethers (organic chemistry)arrow_forward
- Diethyl ether and butan-1-ol are isomers, and they have similar solubilities in water. Their boiling points are very different, however. Explain why these two compounds have similar solubility properties but dramatically different boiling points. CH3CH2¬O¬CH2CH3 CH3CH2CH2CH2¬OH diethyl ether, bp 35 °C butan-1-ol, bp 118 °C 8.4 mL dissolves in 100 mL H2O 9.1 mL dissolves in 100 mL H2Oarrow_forwardDraw the products formed when each alcohol is dehydrated with H 2SO 4. Use the Zaitsev rule to predict the major product when a mixture forms.arrow_forwardUsing the relationship between the structure and the boiling point. Obtain a table for the listed chemicals below showing how the boiling point will be different with (1) the different chemical structures, (2) with different functional groups. Boiling Point and Functionalized Compounds: Chemical: Cyclohexanol Cyclohexanone Cyclohexene Benzaldehyde Benzyl alcoholarrow_forward
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