Chapter 1.3, Problem 3MI

Summary Introduction

To fill:

The correct term according in the given blanks.

Introduction:

The scientific investigation is defined as the process of answering the probable cause of a phenomenon. It is carried out in several steps which include observation of a phenomenon and forming a hypothesis. The hypothesis is then tested by in stepwise experiment, which lead to the formation of the theories by checking if the hypothesis is correct or not.

Answer to Problem 3MI

The given blanks can be filled as follows:

S. no.	Correct term
1	Data
2	Experimental group
3	Observation
4	Control group
5	Scientific method
6	Dependent variable
7	Constant
8	Independent variable
9	Hypothesis
10	Experiment
11	Inference
12	SI unit
13	Metric

Explanation of Solution

Data: The data is defined as the set of information, which is gained from the observations during an experiment or the sample collection.

Experimental Group: The experimental group or the testing group is referred to as the group on which any factor is being tested for studying its effect.

Observation: The observation is the method of collecting data during an experiment or before an experiment, which help in concluding the plausible causes of a phenomenon.

Control group: In an experiment, the control group is a group, in which all the factors except the factor that is being tested are present. It acts as a source of reference for observing the changes in the test group.

Scientific method: The scientific method is a series of tests and techniques, which help in finding out a conclusion for an unexplained phenomenon.

Dependent variable: There are two types of variable in an experiment, independent and dependent. The dependent variables are those variables that changes in the experiment depending on the changes in the independent variables.

Constant: In an experiment, the constants are the values, which remain unchanged irrespective of other values.

Independent variable: Independent variables are the variables, which are not dependent on the factors for change, but it is the variable, which is being tested and affect the overall outcomes of the experiment. For example, in the experiment where an antibiotic dose for killing bacteria is being checked, the dose is the independent variable, as the bacteria will be tested for different dose value. The death of the bacteria is the dependent variable (depending on the strength of antibiotic used).

Hypothesis: The hypothesis can be defined as an educated guess or idea for explaining an existing situation, which is testable by scientific methods.

Experiment: An experiment is a stepwise setup of performing certain investigation. It is performed in a controlled manner to check if the hypothesis is correct or not.

Inference: It is a logical conclusion based on the results obtained during the scientific investigation.

SI units: The SI unit is the system of physical units, which is used to indicate the value of any quantity. It has 7 basic units, meter, second, mole, kilogram, kelvin, candela and ampere.

Metric: The metric system is used to indicate the value of units, which represents the division in the power of 10.