Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The structure of a five carbon alkyne that contains a ring is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
The
(b)
Interpretation:
The structure of a chiral alkyne that consists of six carbons is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Chirality is a geometric property of molecules. Any molecule having a non-super imposable mirror image is said to be a chiral molecule. The basic requirement of chirality is the presence of an asymmetric carbon. This asymmetric carbon is known as the chiral centre. An asymmetric carbon is the one in which all the substituent are different.
(c)
Interpretation:
The structure of a symmetrical alkyne that consists of six carbons and gives the same product on hydroboration oxidation or acid catalyzed hydration is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Hydroboration oxidation of alkyne is the addition of water molecule to an alkyne group by Anti-Markovnikov addition. Anti-Markovnikov addition is when the hydrogen atom is attached to the carbon atom having less number of hydrogen.
(d)
Interpretation:
The structure of a six carbon alkyne that can exist as diastereomers is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Diastereomers are a type of stereoisomers. In diastereomers, the configurations of carbon atoms are different at one or more than one positions but not at all carbons. They are different from enantiomers as the enantiomers have configurations of all carbon atoms different. Diastereomers have different physical and chemical properties.
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Organic Chemistry
- An unknown hydrocarbon A with the formula C6H12 reacts with 1 molar equivalent of H2 over a palladium catalyst to give hydrocarbon B. Hydrocarbon A also reacts with OsO4 to give the glycol C. When oxidized with KMnO4 in acidic solution, A gives two fragments. One fragment is propanoic acid, CH3CH2COOH, and the other fragment is ketone D (R2C=O). What are the structures of A, B, C and D? Write all reactions.arrow_forwardWrite structural formulas for all aldehydes with the molecular formula C6H12O and give each its IUPAC name. Which of these aldehydes are chiralarrow_forwardCompound A (C11H23Br) is a secondary alkyl halide. On being heated with a solution of sodium ethoxide in ethanol, compound A yielded a mixture of two alkenes B and C, each having molecular formula C11H22. Catalytic hydrogenation of the major isomer B or the minor isomer C gave only 3,5-diethylheptane. Draw structures for compounds A, B, and C consistent with these observations.arrow_forward
- a. What alkane, with molecular formula C5H12, forms only one monochlorinated product when it is heated with Cl2? b. What alkane, with molecular formula C7H16, forms seven monochlorinated products (disregarding stereoisomers) when heated with Cl2?arrow_forwardWhen alkyne A is treated with NaNH2 followed by CH3I, a product having molecular formula C6H10O is formed, but it is not compound B. What is the structure of the product, and why is it formed?arrow_forwardA difficult problem in the synthesis of PGF2α is the introduction of the OH group at C15 in the desired configuration. a. Label this stereogenic center as R or S. b. A well-known synthesis of PGF2α involves reaction of A with Zn(BH4)2, a metal hydride reagent similar in reactivity to NaBH4, to form two isomeric products, B and C. Draw their structures and indicate their stereochemical relationship. d. Suggest a reagent to convert A to the single stereoisomer X.arrow_forward
- A compound with formula C7H12O is treated with sodium borohydride in methanol to yield 2,2-dimethylcylopentanol. Write a reaction scheme showing the structures of the reactant, the reagents, and the product. Will the product be optically active? Explain.arrow_forwardPropose the structure of the following: a. An alkane, C6H14 b. A crylic saturated hydrocarbon, C6H12 c. A diene (dialkene), C5H8 d. A keto alkene, C5H8Oarrow_forwardA synthetic organic molecule, G, which contains both aldehyde and ether functional groups, is subjected to a series of reactions in a multi-step synthesis pathway. In the first step, G undergoes a Wittig reaction, leading to the formation of an alkene, H. Subsequently, H is treated with an ozone (O3) reagent followed by a reducing agent in an ozonolysis reaction, resulting in the formation of two different products, I and J. Considering the functional groups present in G and the nature of the reactions involved, what are the most probable structures or functional groups present in products I and J? A. I contains a carboxylic acid group, and J contains an aldehyde group. B. I contains a ketone group, and J contains an alcohol group. C. I and J both contain aldehyde groups. D. I contains an ester group, and J contains a ketone group. Don't use chat gpt.arrow_forward
- A difficult problem in the synthesis of PGF2α is the introduction of the OH group at C15 in the desired conguration.a. Label this stereogenic center as R or S.b. A well known synthesis of PGF2α involves reaction of A with Zn(BH4)2, a metal hydride reagent similar in reactivity to NaBH4, to form two isomeric products, B and C. Draw their structures and indicate their stereochemical relationship.c. Suggest a reagent to convert A to the single stereoisomer X.arrow_forwardDraw and name the seven aldehydes and ketones with the formula C5H10O. Which are chiral?arrow_forwardCompound A and compound B are different alcohols with the same molecular formula of C4H10O. When reacted with chromic acid (H2CrO4), compound A and compound B produce compound C and compound D, respectively. Compound C has a molecular formula of C4H8O2. Compound E is obtained when compound A reacts with pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) in a solvent such as dichloromethane (CH2Cl2). Draw the structure of compound A, B, C, D and E.arrow_forward