Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 10TYU
DNA molecular with complementary sticky ends associate by (a) covalent bonds (b) hydrogen bonds (c) ionic bonds (d) disulfide bonds (e) phosphodiester linkages
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Compare and contrast the structure of DNA and RNA. Be sure to
describe each of the three components of a nucleotide for both DNA and RNA along with the types of bonds formed between the components. In addition, explain: how the nucleotides link together to form each molecule, why the prime ends are labeled 5’ and 3’, what antiparallel is, what phospodiester linkages are and what complementary base pairing is.
As we have focused on DNA, the molecule that stores genetic information in all living things. In particular, we discussed its structure and delved into how we analyze this molecule. Based on your knowledge of these topics,answer several fundamental questions:
Question: How do we know that the structure of DNA is in the form ofa right-handed double-helical molecule?
DNA: Using the two deoxynucleotides you chose, draw the two monomers bound together into a compound, and label a phosphodiester bond.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 15.1 - Explain how gel electrophoresis is used to...Ch. 15.1 - Describe how PCR is used to amplify a specific...Ch. 15.1 - Compare the possible differences between a...Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 15.1 - Different forms of a protein are produced in the...Ch. 15.1 - What advantages does the PCR method have over gene...Ch. 15.2 - Describe the features of a typical CRISPR locus in...Ch. 15.2 - Explain the function of CRISPR in bacterial cells.Ch. 15.2 - Compare CRISPR-based endonucleases with...
Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 8LOCh. 15.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 15.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 15.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 15.3 - Prob. 9LOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 10LOCh. 15.3 - Discuss how qPCR, DNA microarrays (DNA chips), and...Ch. 15.3 - Explain how you would compare the expression of a...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 15.4 - Describe how genome-wide association studies have...Ch. 15.4 - Explain how targeted gene silencing and knockout...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 15.5 - Describe at least one important application of DNA...Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 15.5 - What are short tandem repeats (STRs), and why are...Ch. 15.5 - Why do gene targeting and mutagenesis screening in...Ch. 15.6 - Prob. 15LOCh. 15.6 - Prob. 16LOCh. 15.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 15.6 - Prob. 2CCh. 15.7 - Describe at least two safety issue associated with...Ch. 15.7 - What are some of the environment concerns...Ch. 15 - A plasmid (a) can be used as a DNA vector (b) is a...Ch. 15 - DNA molecules with complementary sticky ends...Ch. 15 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 15 - Which technique rapidly replicated specific DNA...Ch. 15 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 15 - A cDNA clone contains (a) introns (b) exons (c)...Ch. 15 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 15 - Gel electrophoresis separates nucleic acids on the...Ch. 15 - A CRISPR locus in a bacterium contains (a) short...Ch. 15 - DNA molecular with complementary sticky ends...Ch. 15 - These highly polymorphic molecular markers are...Ch. 15 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 15 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 15 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 15 - EVOLUTION LINK DNA technology, such as the...Ch. 15 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY What are some...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Each nucleotide pair of a DNA double helix weighs about 1 × 10 −21 g. The human body contains approximately 0.5 g of DNA. How many nucleotide pairs of DNA are in the human body? If you assume that all the DNA in human cells is in the B-DNA form, how far would the DNA reach if stretched end to end?arrow_forwardDNA exists in cells as a double-stranded duplex molecule, whereas RNA, which is composed of very similar nucleotides linked together in the same way, does not form a doublestranded duplex in cells. Why not? If you were to place complementary single-strands of RNA in a test tube, would they spontaneously form duplex molecules?arrow_forwardDNA Structure A. Draw an A-T base pair with the appropriate number of hydrogen bonds. You don’t have to include all the details such as every side-group but do depict the 3’ OH groups. B. What is meant by anti-parallel when referring to a DNA molecule? C. What are the major and minor grooves in the DNA structure and what significance do they have?arrow_forward
- As we have focused on DNA, the molecule that stores genetic information in all living things. In particular, we discussed its structure and delved into how we analyze this molecule. Based on your knowledge of these topics,answer several fundamental questions: Question: How do we know that in DNA G pairs with C and that Apairs with T as complementary strands are formed?arrow_forwardZ-DNA derives its name from the zig-zag conformation ofphosphate groups. What features of the DNA molecule allowthis distinctive structure to form?arrow_forwardDNA What does a “double helix” shape looks like?arrow_forward
- 8. Provide the structure of guanine, a heterocyclic base found in DNA. 9. Provide the structure of adenosine, a nucleoside. 10. Provide the structure of cytidine 5’-monophosphate, a nucleotide consisting of a cytosine base, a ribose and a phosphate group.arrow_forward1. When DNA replicates, how is it able to “unwind” its double helix? 2. Instead of the term “Formation of a nucleoside”, what could the name of the reaction be? What functional group is being formed? 3. Define the primary structure of DNA/RNA. Compare and contrast to the primary structure of proteins.arrow_forwardMoira, a biochemistry major, wanted to explore the shapes a single-stranded DNA molecule can take. She sketched the two shapes below. Her professor was impressed with Moira’s imagination and artistic ability, but she informed Moira that only one of her sketches was feasible. In the sketches, the lines indicate complementary base pairing. (d) Would a new double-stranded molecule assume the shape similar to one in the drawing? (e) Why or why not?arrow_forward
- When DNA is heated, it denatures; that is, the strands separate because hydrogen bonds are broken and some base-stacking and hydrophobic interactions are disrupted. The higher the temperature, the larger the number of hydrogen bonds that are broken. After reviewing DNA base pair structure, determine which of the following molecules will denature first as the temperature is raised. Explain your reasoning. a. 5′-GCATTTCGGCGCGTTA-3′ 3′-CGTAAAGCCGCGCAAT-5′ b. 5′-ATTGCGCTTATATGCT-3′ 3′-TAACGCGAATATACGA-5′arrow_forwardRelate the quantum mechanical theory with the structural state of the DNA double helix. You can use the following questions as a guide:1. How does the electron cloud in a DNA molecule affect the stability and function of its structure? 2. Why do you think the phosphate ribose were used as the backbone of the helical structure? 3. Why are the individual base pairings located in the center of the helix?arrow_forwardChemistry The B form is for many purposes a good first approximation of the structure of DNA in cells. However, the real DNA is not perfectly regular. Rather, it exhibits variations in its precise structure. Why is this soarrow_forward
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