(a) Interpretation: The meaning of fluorescence is to be stated. Concept introduction: When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may emit or reflect it back.

Question

Suggest a reason why the spin-lattice relaxation time of benzene (a small molecule) in a mobile, deuterated hydrocarbon solvent increases whereas that of a polymer decreases.

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 15.2QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The meaning of fluorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may emit or reflect it back.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The meaning of phosphorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may or may not emit it back.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The meaning of resonance fluorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The atom can interact with fields of same frequency as them.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The meaning of singlet state is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There are magnetic spins on electrons in an atom. The magnetic spin can either be positive or negative.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The meaning of triplet state is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There are negative and positive magnetic spins on each electron in an atom.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The meaning of vibrational relaxation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, the molecules get excited. Then the energy is reflected back after some time.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The meaning of internal conversion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing energy and come back to ground state by emitting this energy.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The meaning of external conversion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing radiation and come back to ground state by emitting this radiation.

Interpretation Introduction

(i)

Interpretation:

The meaning of intersystem crossing is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There is a possibility of changing states from singlet state to triplet state. It is only possible when spin orbit coupling is present.

Interpretation Introduction

(j)

Interpretation:

The meaning of predissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The bond of any molecule can be broken due to its unstable excited state.

Interpretation Introduction

(k)

Interpretation:

The meaning of dissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The bond of any molecule can be broken due to excessive absorption of energy.

Interpretation Introduction

(l)

Interpretation:

The meaning of quantum yield is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The numbers of photons absorbed and emitted are different. These numbers are needed to find the yield of a substance.

Interpretation Introduction

(m)

Interpretation:

The meaning of chemiluminescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The light that is absorbed by the molecules of a substance can be emitted because of different ways.

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Suggest a reason why the spin-lattice relaxation time of benzene (a small molecule) in a mobile, deuterated hydrocarbon solvent increases whereas that of a polymer decreases.

The protein haemerythrin (Her) is responsible for binding and carrying O2 in some invertebrates. Each protein molecule has two Fe2+ ions that are in very close proximity and work together to bind one molecule of O2, form ing an Fe2O2 group. (a) The Raman spectrum of oxygenated haemerythrinobtained with laser excitation at 500 nm has a band at 844 cm-1 which has been attributed to the O-O stretching mode of bound 16O2. Why is Raman spectroscopy and not infrared spectroscopy the method of choice for the study of the binding of O2 to haemerythrin? (b) Proof that the 844 cm-1band in the Raman spectrum of oxygenated haemerythrin arises from a bound O2 species may be obtained by conducting experiments on samples of haemerythrin that have been mixed with 18O2, instead of 16O2 . Predict the fundamental vibrational wavenumber of the 18O-18O stretching mode in a sample of haemerythrin that has been treated with 18O2. (c) The fundamental vibrational wavenumbers for the O-O stretching modes of O2,…

In Trans-[PdFCl] determine I'total, I'tran., Irot. and I'vib., Which mode(s) is (are) active in IR and Raman spectroscopy?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 15.2QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The meaning of fluorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may emit or reflect it back.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The meaning of phosphorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may or may not emit it back.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The meaning of resonance fluorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The atom can interact with fields of same frequency as them.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The meaning of singlet state is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There are magnetic spins on electrons in an atom. The magnetic spin can either be positive or negative.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The meaning of triplet state is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There are negative and positive magnetic spins on each electron in an atom.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The meaning of vibrational relaxation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, the molecules get excited. Then the energy is reflected back after some time.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The meaning of internal conversion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing energy and come back to ground state by emitting this energy.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The meaning of external conversion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing radiation and come back to ground state by emitting this radiation.

Interpretation Introduction

(i)

Interpretation:

The meaning of intersystem crossing is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There is a possibility of changing states from singlet state to triplet state. It is only possible when spin orbit coupling is present.

Interpretation Introduction

(j)

Interpretation:

The meaning of predissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The bond of any molecule can be broken due to its unstable excited state.

Interpretation Introduction

(k)

Interpretation:

The meaning of dissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The bond of any molecule can be broken due to excessive absorption of energy.

Interpretation Introduction

(l)

Interpretation:

The meaning of quantum yield is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The numbers of photons absorbed and emitted are different. These numbers are needed to find the yield of a substance.

Interpretation Introduction

(m)

Interpretation:

The meaning of chemiluminescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The light that is absorbed by the molecules of a substance can be emitted because of different ways.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 15.2QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The meaning of fluorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may emit or reflect it back.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The meaning of phosphorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may or may not emit it back.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The meaning of resonance fluorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The atom can interact with fields of same frequency as them.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The meaning of singlet state is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There are magnetic spins on electrons in an atom. The magnetic spin can either be positive or negative.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The meaning of triplet state is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There are negative and positive magnetic spins on each electron in an atom.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The meaning of vibrational relaxation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, the molecules get excited. Then the energy is reflected back after some time.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The meaning of internal conversion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing energy and come back to ground state by emitting this energy.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The meaning of external conversion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing radiation and come back to ground state by emitting this radiation.

Interpretation Introduction

(i)

Interpretation:

The meaning of intersystem crossing is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There is a possibility of changing states from singlet state to triplet state. It is only possible when spin orbit coupling is present.

Interpretation Introduction

(j)

Interpretation:

The meaning of predissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The bond of any molecule can be broken due to its unstable excited state.

Interpretation Introduction

(k)

Interpretation:

The meaning of dissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The bond of any molecule can be broken due to excessive absorption of energy.

Interpretation Introduction

(l)

Interpretation:

The meaning of quantum yield is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The numbers of photons absorbed and emitted are different. These numbers are needed to find the yield of a substance.

Interpretation Introduction

(m)

Interpretation:

The meaning of chemiluminescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The light that is absorbed by the molecules of a substance can be emitted because of different ways.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 15.2QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The meaning of fluorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may emit or reflect it back.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The meaning of phosphorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may or may not emit it back.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The meaning of resonance fluorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The atom can interact with fields of same frequency as them.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The meaning of singlet state is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There are magnetic spins on electrons in an atom. The magnetic spin can either be positive or negative.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The meaning of triplet state is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There are negative and positive magnetic spins on each electron in an atom.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The meaning of vibrational relaxation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, the molecules get excited. Then the energy is reflected back after some time.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The meaning of internal conversion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing energy and come back to ground state by emitting this energy.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The meaning of external conversion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing radiation and come back to ground state by emitting this radiation.

Interpretation Introduction

(i)

Interpretation:

The meaning of intersystem crossing is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There is a possibility of changing states from singlet state to triplet state. It is only possible when spin orbit coupling is present.

Interpretation Introduction

(j)

Interpretation:

The meaning of predissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The bond of any molecule can be broken due to its unstable excited state.

Interpretation Introduction

(k)

Interpretation:

The meaning of dissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The bond of any molecule can be broken due to excessive absorption of energy.

Interpretation Introduction

(l)

Interpretation:

The meaning of quantum yield is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The numbers of photons absorbed and emitted are different. These numbers are needed to find the yield of a substance.

Interpretation Introduction

(m)

Interpretation:

The meaning of chemiluminescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The light that is absorbed by the molecules of a substance can be emitted because of different ways.

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Answer 5

Chapter 15, Problem 15.2QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The meaning of fluorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may emit or reflect it back.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The meaning of phosphorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may or may not emit it back.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The meaning of resonance fluorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The atom can interact with fields of same frequency as them.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The meaning of singlet state is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There are magnetic spins on electrons in an atom. The magnetic spin can either be positive or negative.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The meaning of triplet state is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There are negative and positive magnetic spins on each electron in an atom.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The meaning of vibrational relaxation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, the molecules get excited. Then the energy is reflected back after some time.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The meaning of internal conversion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing energy and come back to ground state by emitting this energy.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The meaning of external conversion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing radiation and come back to ground state by emitting this radiation.

Interpretation Introduction

(i)

Interpretation:

The meaning of intersystem crossing is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There is a possibility of changing states from singlet state to triplet state. It is only possible when spin orbit coupling is present.

Interpretation Introduction

(j)

Interpretation:

The meaning of predissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The bond of any molecule can be broken due to its unstable excited state.

Interpretation Introduction

(k)

Interpretation:

The meaning of dissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The bond of any molecule can be broken due to excessive absorption of energy.

Interpretation Introduction

(l)

Interpretation:

The meaning of quantum yield is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The numbers of photons absorbed and emitted are different. These numbers are needed to find the yield of a substance.

Interpretation Introduction

(m)

Interpretation:

The meaning of chemiluminescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The light that is absorbed by the molecules of a substance can be emitted because of different ways.

Answer 6

Chapter 15, Problem 15.2QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The meaning of fluorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may emit or reflect it back.

Answer 7

Chapter 15, Problem 15.2QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The meaning of fluorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may emit or reflect it back.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The meaning of phosphorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may or may not emit it back.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The meaning of phosphorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may or may not emit it back.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The meaning of resonance fluorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The atom can interact with fields of same frequency as them.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The meaning of resonance fluorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The atom can interact with fields of same frequency as them.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The meaning of singlet state is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There are magnetic spins on electrons in an atom. The magnetic spin can either be positive or negative.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The meaning of singlet state is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There are magnetic spins on electrons in an atom. The magnetic spin can either be positive or negative.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The meaning of triplet state is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There are negative and positive magnetic spins on each electron in an atom.

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The meaning of triplet state is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There are negative and positive magnetic spins on each electron in an atom.

Answer 16

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The meaning of vibrational relaxation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, the molecules get excited. Then the energy is reflected back after some time.

Answer 17

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The meaning of vibrational relaxation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, the molecules get excited. Then the energy is reflected back after some time.

Answer 18

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The meaning of internal conversion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing energy and come back to ground state by emitting this energy.

Answer 19

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The meaning of internal conversion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing energy and come back to ground state by emitting this energy.

Answer 20

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The meaning of external conversion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing radiation and come back to ground state by emitting this radiation.

Answer 21

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The meaning of external conversion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing radiation and come back to ground state by emitting this radiation.

Answer 22

Interpretation Introduction

(i)

Interpretation:

The meaning of intersystem crossing is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There is a possibility of changing states from singlet state to triplet state. It is only possible when spin orbit coupling is present.

Answer 23

Interpretation Introduction

(i)

Interpretation:

The meaning of intersystem crossing is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There is a possibility of changing states from singlet state to triplet state. It is only possible when spin orbit coupling is present.

Answer 24

Interpretation Introduction

(j)

Interpretation:

The meaning of predissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The bond of any molecule can be broken due to its unstable excited state.

Answer 25

Interpretation Introduction

(j)

Interpretation:

The meaning of predissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The bond of any molecule can be broken due to its unstable excited state.

Answer 26

Interpretation Introduction

(k)

Interpretation:

The meaning of dissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The bond of any molecule can be broken due to excessive absorption of energy.

Answer 27

Interpretation Introduction

(k)

Interpretation:

The meaning of dissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The bond of any molecule can be broken due to excessive absorption of energy.

Answer 28

Interpretation Introduction

(l)

Interpretation:

The meaning of quantum yield is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The numbers of photons absorbed and emitted are different. These numbers are needed to find the yield of a substance.

Answer 29

Interpretation Introduction

(l)

Interpretation:

The meaning of quantum yield is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The numbers of photons absorbed and emitted are different. These numbers are needed to find the yield of a substance.

Answer 30

Interpretation Introduction

(m)

Interpretation:

The meaning of chemiluminescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The light that is absorbed by the molecules of a substance can be emitted because of different ways.

Answer 31

Interpretation Introduction

(m)

Interpretation:

The meaning of chemiluminescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The light that is absorbed by the molecules of a substance can be emitted because of different ways.

Answer 32

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Answer 43

Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.1QAP Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.2QAP Ch. 15 - Why is spectrofluorometry potentially more...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.4QAP Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.5QAP Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.6QAP Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.7QAP Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.8QAP Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.9QAP Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.10QAP

(a) Interpretation: The meaning of fluorescence is to be stated. Concept introduction: When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may emit or reflect it back.

(a) Interpretation: The meaning of fluorescence is to be stated. Concept introduction: When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may emit or reflect it back.

(b) Interpretation: The meaning of phosphorescence is to be stated. Concept introduction: When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may or may not emit it back.

(c) Interpretation: The meaning of resonance fluorescence is to be stated. Concept introduction: The atom can interact with fields of same frequency as them.

(d) Interpretation: The meaning of singlet state is to be stated. Concept introduction: There are magnetic spins on electrons in an atom. The magnetic spin can either be positive or negative.

(e) Interpretation: The meaning of triplet state is to be stated. Concept introduction: There are negative and positive magnetic spins on each electron in an atom.

(f) Interpretation: The meaning of vibrational relaxation is to be stated. Concept introduction: When a substance absorbs radiation or light, the molecules get excited. Then the energy is reflected back after some time.

(g) Interpretation: The meaning of internal conversion is to be stated. Concept introduction: The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing energy and come back to ground state by emitting this energy.

(h) Interpretation: The meaning of external conversion is to be stated. Concept introduction: The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing radiation and come back to ground state by emitting this radiation.

(i) Interpretation: The meaning of intersystem crossing is to be stated. Concept introduction: There is a possibility of changing states from singlet state to triplet state. It is only possible when spin orbit coupling is present.

(j) Interpretation: The meaning of predissociation is to be stated. Concept introduction: The bond of any molecule can be broken due to its unstable excited state.

(k) Interpretation: The meaning of dissociation is to be stated. Concept introduction: The bond of any molecule can be broken due to excessive absorption of energy.

(l) Interpretation: The meaning of quantum yield is to be stated. Concept introduction: The numbers of photons absorbed and emitted are different. These numbers are needed to find the yield of a substance.

(m) Interpretation: The meaning of chemiluminescence is to be stated. Concept introduction: The light that is absorbed by the molecules of a substance can be emitted because of different ways.

Chapter 15 Solutions

(a)

Interpretation:

The meaning of fluorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may emit or reflect it back.

(b)

Interpretation:

The meaning of phosphorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, it may or may not emit it back.

(c)

Interpretation:

The meaning of resonance fluorescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The atom can interact with fields of same frequency as them.

(d)

Interpretation:

The meaning of singlet state is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There are magnetic spins on electrons in an atom. The magnetic spin can either be positive or negative.

(e)

Interpretation:

The meaning of triplet state is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There are negative and positive magnetic spins on each electron in an atom.

(f)

Interpretation:

The meaning of vibrational relaxation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

When a substance absorbs radiation or light, the molecules get excited. Then the energy is reflected back after some time.

(g)

Interpretation:

The meaning of internal conversion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing energy and come back to ground state by emitting this energy.

(h)

Interpretation:

The meaning of external conversion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The molecules get to the excited state by absorbing radiation and come back to ground state by emitting this radiation.

(i)

Interpretation:

The meaning of intersystem crossing is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

There is a possibility of changing states from singlet state to triplet state. It is only possible when spin orbit coupling is present.

(j)

Interpretation:

The meaning of predissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The bond of any molecule can be broken due to its unstable excited state.

(k)

Interpretation:

The meaning of dissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The bond of any molecule can be broken due to excessive absorption of energy.

(l)

Interpretation:

The meaning of quantum yield is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The numbers of photons absorbed and emitted are different. These numbers are needed to find the yield of a substance.

(m)

Interpretation:

The meaning of chemiluminescence is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The light that is absorbed by the molecules of a substance can be emitted because of different ways.